本文關(guān)鍵詞： Wistar大鼠 老年性聾 D-半乳糖 模型 老年性聾 聽皮層 神經(jīng)元 神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)　出處：《福建醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 第一部分 【目的】 研究D-半乳糖建造老年性聾模型的理想方式。 【方法】 健康Wistar大鼠50只,隨機(jī)分為5組,即對(duì)照組和四個(gè)不同劑量D-半乳糖(50、100、200、500mg/kg)建造的老年性聾模型組。觀察各組動(dòng)物行為檢測(cè)(興奮性實(shí)驗(yàn))、聽性腦干反應(yīng)(ABR)反應(yīng)閾、血清中丙二醛(MDA)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(S0D)活性、聽皮層中的神經(jīng)元形態(tài)和數(shù)量。 【結(jié)果】 各模型組較對(duì)照組探究能力明顯下降(P 0.05),但緊張度無明顯改變。各模型組血清中MDA含量和S0D活性均較對(duì)照組有顯著性差異(P 0.05)。各組ABR閾值和I、III波潛伏期僅500mg/kg組顯著升高和延長(zhǎng)且較其它各組差異有顯著性(P 0.05),而其它模型組與對(duì)照組均無顯著性差異(P0.05),并且模型組中僅500mg/kg組聽皮層出現(xiàn)明顯的神經(jīng)細(xì)胞稀少、腫脹,尼氏小體減少的現(xiàn)象。 【結(jié)論】 D-半乳糖(500mg/kg)腹腔注射每天一次持續(xù)10周造模是建造老年性聾動(dòng)物模型的有效方法。 第二部分 【目的】 探討老年性聾聽皮層病理變化。 【方法】 通過甲苯胺藍(lán)染色和免疫組化技術(shù)檢測(cè)比較正常成年大鼠、正常聽力老年大鼠(18月齡)以及以D-半乳糖為工具藥物建立的老年性聾大鼠聽皮層神經(jīng)元的形態(tài)、數(shù)量和興奮神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)乙酰膽堿(Ach)、谷氨酸(Glu)及抑制神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)的含量。 【結(jié)果】 1、三組大鼠中僅老年性聾組出現(xiàn)明顯的神經(jīng)細(xì)胞稀少(P0.05)、腫脹,尼氏小體減少的現(xiàn)象。 2、老年性聾大鼠較正常聽力老年大鼠和正常成年大鼠,神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)ACh、GABA表達(dá)下調(diào)(P0.01),Glu的表達(dá)上調(diào)(P0.01),而正常聽力老年大鼠較正常成年大鼠差異不顯著(P0.05)。 【結(jié)論】 聽皮層中神經(jīng)元數(shù)量的減少、神經(jīng)元形態(tài)的改變、神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)Ach、GABA表達(dá)下調(diào)和Glu表達(dá)上調(diào)可能與老年性聾的發(fā)病有關(guān)。
[Abstract]:Part one. [purpose]. To study the ideal way of constructing the model of presbycusis with D-galactose. [methods]. Fifty healthy Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: control group and four different doses of D-galactose 50 ~ 100g / kg (500 mg / kg) model group. The response threshold of auditory brainstem response (ABR) was observed in each group. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of superoxide dismutase (S0D) in serum, the morphology and number of neurons in auditory cortex. [results]. The exploring ability of each model group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P 0.05), but there was no significant change in strain. The serum MDA content and S0D activity in each model group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P 0.05). The ABR threshold and the latency of ABR III wave in each group were only 500 mg / kg. Compared with other groups, there was no significant difference between other model group and control group (P 0.05). In the model group, there were only 500 mg / kg of auditory cortex and there were few nerve cells in the auditory cortex, and there was no significant difference between the other model groups and the control group (P 0.05), and there was no significant difference between the two groups in the number of neurons in the auditory cortex of the model group. Swelling, a decrease in Nissl's bodies. [conclusion]. D-galactose 500 mg / kg intraperitoneal injection for 10 weeks a day is an effective method for the establishment of a model of presbycusis. Part two. [purpose]. To investigate the pathological changes of auditory cortex in presbycusis. [methods]. The morphology of auditory cortex neurons in normal adult rats and aged normal hearing aged rats was detected by toluidine blue staining and immunohistochemistry. The quantity and excitatory neurotransmitter acetylcholine acetylcholine, glutamate Glu) and the inhibition of the content of neurotransmitter 緯 -aminobutyric acid (GABA). [results]. 1, among the three groups, only in the presbycusis group, there were obvious phenomena of nerve cell sparseness, swelling and decrease of Nissl corpuscles. 2. Compared with the aged rats with normal hearing and the adult rats, the expression of neurotransmitter ACh-GABA down-regulated the expression of P0.01Glu in presbycusis rats, but there was no significant difference in the expression of Glu in the aged rats with normal hearing as compared with that in the normal adult rats. [conclusion]. The decrease in the number of neurons in the auditory cortex, the changes in the morphology of neurons, the down-regulation of the expression of ache GABA and the upregulation of the expression of Glu may be related to the pathogenesis of presbycusis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福建醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：R764.436

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