【摘要】：隨著我國經(jīng)濟迅猛的發(fā)展和人們生活質量逐漸的提高,心血管疾病患者數(shù)量與日俱增。根據(jù)《中國心血管疾病報告》顯示,心血管疾病的發(fā)病率和死亡率占各種疾病之首,已成為重大的公共衛(wèi)生問題,在我國人口老齡化的趨勢下,事態(tài)更加嚴峻。而傳統(tǒng)的心血管功能參數(shù)檢測儀主要分為兩類:一類為檢測功能全面的臺機,但體積過大,價格偏高,需要專業(yè)人員操作;另一類雖然體積較小,價格低廉,操作簡便,但檢測功能單一,兩者都存在較大的應用局限性。因此,設計一款體積微型化、操作簡單化、價格低廉化、檢測多樣化的心血管功能參數(shù)檢測設備,對預防和診斷心血管疾病具有重要的意義。首先,本文簡要介紹了血流動力學、動脈彈性腔以及動脈脈搏波基礎理論,分析了脈搏波的產生機制和傳播特性。根據(jù)脈搏波信號的特點,闡述了脈搏波信號中去除噪聲和干擾的常用方法,通過對脈搏波波形特征的分析,提出了一種基于改進型斜率閾值法來提取脈搏波波形的特征點,并給出了具體的實現(xiàn)過程。根據(jù)脈搏波波形各個特征點的生理病理信息并結合血壓信息推算出十項心血管功能參數(shù),最后詳細分析心血管各個參數(shù)的含義和生理病理意義。其次,設計了家用心血管功能檢測系統(tǒng),系統(tǒng)硬件方面以ARM處理器STM32F407ZGT為核心,設計了電源管理模塊、脈搏波采集模塊、血壓采集模塊、數(shù)據(jù)存儲模塊、系統(tǒng)通信模塊以及LCD顯示模塊,重點闡述了基于PVDF自主設計壓電薄膜脈搏傳感器的過程、系統(tǒng)電源模塊的設計和噪聲分析、去除脈搏波噪聲和干擾的信號調理電路設計。系統(tǒng)軟件方面首先介紹了系統(tǒng)總體功能架構,簡要描述了 uC/OS-Ⅲ微型實時操作系統(tǒng)和STemWin圖形界面,重點論述了脈搏波信號采集的過程、脈搏波波形特征點的提取以及血壓測量的實現(xiàn),并簡單介紹了系統(tǒng)的操作和運行過程。最后,通過系統(tǒng)采集到的橈動脈脈搏波信號,對脈搏波波形特征點提取算法進行驗證,實驗結果表明,本文提出的脈搏波特征點提取算法具有實時性好、準確性高、計算量小等特點。通過與標準設備BX-CFTI-100心血管測試儀做對比實驗,對家用心血管功能檢測系統(tǒng)的重復性、穩(wěn)定性、有效性和準確性進行驗證,實驗結果表明,本文設計的心血管功能參數(shù)檢測系統(tǒng)重復性好,性能穩(wěn)定,測量結果準確,能夠較好的反應心血管健康狀況,特別適用于家庭心血管疾病的預防和保健。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and the improvement of people's quality of life, the number of cardiovascular disease patients is increasing. According to the China report on Cardiovascular Diseases, the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases are the first among all kinds of diseases, and they have become a major public health problem. Under the trend of aging population in China, the situation is even more serious. But the traditional cardiovascular function parameter detector is divided into two kinds: one is a machine with comprehensive testing function, but its volume is too large and the price is on the high side, so it needs professional operation; the other is small, cheap and easy to operate. But the detection function is single, both have the big application limitation. Therefore, it is of great significance to design a small volume, simple operation, low cost and a variety of cardiovascular function parameters detection equipment for the prevention and diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. Firstly, the basic theories of hemodynamics, arterial elastic cavity and arterial pulse wave are briefly introduced, and the mechanism and propagation characteristics of pulse wave are analyzed. According to the characteristics of pulse wave signal, the common methods of removing noise and interference in pulse wave signal are expounded. By analyzing the characteristics of pulse wave waveform, a method based on improved slope threshold method is proposed to extract the characteristic point of pulse wave waveform. The realization process is also given. According to the physiological and pathological information of every characteristic point of pulse wave and combining with the information of blood pressure, ten parameters of cardiovascular function were calculated. Finally, the meaning and physiological and pathological significance of each parameter of cardiovascular were analyzed in detail. Secondly, the domestic cardiovascular function detection system is designed. The hardware of the system is based on arm processor STM32F407ZGT. The power management module, pulse wave acquisition module, blood pressure acquisition module and data storage module are designed. The design of piezoelectric thin film pulse sensor based on PVDF, the design of system power supply module and noise analysis, and the design of signal conditioning circuit to remove pulse wave noise and interference are described in detail in the system communication module and LCD display module. In the aspect of system software, the overall function structure of the system is introduced, and the UC / OS- 鈪，

本文編號：2137390