本文選題：視力殘疾 + 患病率�。� 參考：《中國公共衛(wèi)生》2017年12期

【摘要】：目的分析1987和2006年中國兒童視力殘疾患病率、分布特征、影響因素和致殘原因。方法利用1987和2006年2次全國殘疾人抽樣調查數(shù)據(jù),以0~14歲兒童為研究對象,χ2檢驗分析不同兒童視力殘疾分布的差異,非條件logistic回歸分析兒童視力殘疾的影響因素。結果 1987—2006年,中國兒童視力殘疾標化現(xiàn)患率從86.37/10萬升至108.38/10萬,提高了25.49%,但盲和低視力的變化方向不同,盲的標化現(xiàn)患率下降了10.21%,低視力標化現(xiàn)患率則提高了56.06%。多因素分析表明,1987年,不同性別、年齡兒童視力殘疾發(fā)生率差異有統(tǒng)計學意義;2006年,不同年齡、民族、家族規(guī)模、區(qū)域的兒童視力殘疾發(fā)生率差異有統(tǒng)計學意義。1987和2006年前2位致殘原因均分別是遺傳或先天異常、屈光不正或弱視,分別共占66.24%和70.91%,與1987年相比,2006年遺傳或先天異常致殘占比下降,屈光不正或弱視占比上升。結論 1987—2006年20年間,中國兒童視力殘疾現(xiàn)患率上升,但盲與低視力現(xiàn)患率的變化不同;相對于1987年,2006年社會經(jīng)濟因素成為影響中國兒童視力殘疾的重要因素;致殘原因構成的變化可能是兒童視力殘疾構成變化的原因之一。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the prevalence, distribution, influencing factors and causes of visual disability in Chinese children in 1987 and 2006. Methods based on the data of two national sample surveys of disabled people in 1987 and 2006, children aged 14 years old were studied. 蠂 2 test was used to analyze the differences in the distribution of visual disability in different children. The influencing factors of visual disability in children were analyzed by non-conditional logistic regression analysis. Results from 1987 to 2006, the standardized prevalence rate of visual acuity in Chinese children increased from 86.37 / 100 000 to 108.38 / 100 million, which increased 25.49%, but the change direction of blindness and low vision was different. The standardized prevalence rate of blindness decreased 10.21%, and the rate of low vision standardized incidence increased 56.06%. Multivariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the incidence of visual disability among children of different genders and ages in 1987, and in 2006, children of different ages, nationalities, and family size, There were significant differences in the incidence of visual disability in children in different regions. In 1987 and 2006, the first two causes of disability were genetic or congenital abnormality, ametropia or amblyopia, respectively. 66.24% and 70.91%, respectively. Compared with 1987, the proportion of disability caused by genetic or congenital abnormality decreased, and the proportion of ametropia or amblyopia increased. Conclusion from 1987 to 2006, the prevalence rate of visual disability in Chinese children increased, but the incidence of blindness was different from that of low visual acuity, compared with 1987, social and economic factors became the important factors affecting the visual disability of Chinese children. Changes in the composition of disability may be one of the reasons for changes in the composition of visual disability in children.
【作者單位】： 北京大學人口研究所;北京大學第三醫(yī)院眼科;
【基金】：國家社科基金重大項目(09&ZD072)
【分類號】：R181.3;R77
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本文編號：1891644