本文選題：霧霾 + 空氣污染　； 參考：《首都醫(yī)科大學學報》2017年05期

【摘要】：目的觀察短期重度霧霾對健康成年受試者鼻部癥狀、功能和炎性反應狀態(tài)的影響。方法 23例居住于北京市中心的健康成年志愿者參與本項研究。分別于一次持續(xù)5 d的霧霾前后記錄受試者的鼻部不適癥狀、檢查其鼻功能、口鼻呼出一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)濃度,并收集鼻分泌物用于細胞因子濃度測定。結果在霧霾發(fā)生后的第二次訪視中,受試者反映有不同程度的鼻部不適感,包括鼻堵、鼻癢、鼻干和鼻后滴漏等。鼻功能檢查示鼻阻力由霧霾前的(0.18±0.01)Pa/(cm3·s)升高至霧霾后的(0.24±0.02)Pa/(cm3·s)(P=0.001);鼻腔容積由霧霾前的(15.06±052)cm3下降至霧霾后的(7.79±0.74)cm3(P=0.000);鼻腔最小截面積由霧霾前的(1.20±0.05)cm~2下降至霧霾后的(1.06±0.04)cm~2,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P=0.006)。與霧霾發(fā)生前相比較,經(jīng)鼻或經(jīng)口呼出NO濃度均在霧霾發(fā)生后明顯升高。霧霾后,鼻分泌物中的Th2型細胞因子eotaxin和白細胞介素-5(interleukin-5,IL-5)、趨化因子C-C-基元配體7[chemokine(C-C motif)ligand 7,CCL7]、以及促炎性反應因子IL-8濃度顯著升高,而Th1型細胞因子干擾素(interferon-γ,IFN-γ)以及免疫調節(jié)因子IL-10和轉化生長因子-β(transforming growth factor-β,TGF-β)濃度顯著下降。結論短期霧霾刺激可使健康成年人的鼻腔分泌物炎性反應介質傾向于Th2型分化,而參與免疫調節(jié)、抑制細胞增生、促進細胞外基質形成和損傷修復的細胞因子表達下降。鼻黏膜局部炎性反應狀態(tài)的失衡一方面可直接使鼻腔有效通氣面積減少,引發(fā)鼻部癥狀,另一方面可使個體易受過敏原、病原體或其他理化刺激的影響,這也是未來的研究方向。
[Abstract]:Objective to observe the effects of short term severe haze on nasal symptoms, function and inflammatory response in healthy adult subjects. Methods 23 healthy adult volunteers living in the center of Beijing participated in this study. The nasal symptoms of the subjects were recorded before and after a 5-day haze. The nasal function was examined. The nasal secretion was collected to determine the concentration of cytokines. Results during the second visit after haze, the subjects showed different degrees of nasal discomfort, including nasal obstruction, itching, dry nose and posterior nasal drip. Nasal function examination showed that nasal resistance increased from 0.18 鹵0.01)Pa/(cm3 / s before haze to 0.24 鹵0.02)Pa/(cm3 / haze, nasal cavity volume decreased from 15.06 鹵052)cm3 before haze to 7.79 鹵0.74 cm ~ (3) P ~ (-1) after haze, and the minimum cross-sectional area of nasal cavity decreased from 1.20 鹵0.05)cm~2 before haze to 1.06 鹵0.04 cm ~ (-2) after haze, the difference was statistically significant. Compared with those before haze, the concentration of no exhaled through nose or via mouth increased significantly after haze. After haze, the concentrations of Th2 type cytokines (eotaxin), interleukin-5 (IL-5), chemokine C-C- unit ligand 7 (chemokine(C-C motif)ligand 7- CCL7) and pro-inflammatory response factor (IL-8) in nasal secretion were significantly increased. But the concentrations of interferon- 緯 (IFN- 緯), IL-10 and transforming growth factor- 尾 (TGF- 尾) of Th1 type cytokine interferon- 緯 (IFN- 緯) and transforming growth factor- 尾 (TGF- 尾) decreased significantly. Conclusion Short-term haze stimulation can induce inflammatory response mediators in nasal secretion of healthy adults to differentiate into Th2 type, but participate in immune regulation, inhibit cell proliferation, promote the formation of extracellular matrix and decrease the expression of cytokines in injury repair. On the one hand, the imbalance of the local inflammatory reaction of nasal mucosa can directly reduce the effective ventilation area of nasal cavity, causing nasal symptoms, on the other hand, it can make individuals vulnerable to allergens, pathogens or other physical and chemical stimuli. This is also the future direction of research.
【作者單位】： 首都醫(yī)科大學附屬北京同仁醫(yī)院耳鼻咽喉頭頸外科;北京市耳鼻咽喉科研究所北京市鼻病重點實驗室教育部耳鼻咽喉頭頸外科重點實驗室;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金(81500771,81630023,81470678,81420108009) 北京市醫(yī)院管理局人才培養(yǎng)“使命”計劃(SML20150203) 首都臨床特色應用研究(Z141107002514122) 首都衛(wèi)生發(fā)展科研專項重點攻關項目(2016-1-2052) 北京市“百千萬”人才項目(2016)~~
【分類號】：R765;X513
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本文編號：1866252