本文選題：醫(yī)用超聲系統(tǒng) + 超聲彈性成像�。� 參考：《深圳大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：晶狀體是眼球屈光系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分,也是唯一具有調(diào)節(jié)能力的屈光間質(zhì)。晶狀體的生物力學(xué)特性在晶狀體調(diào)節(jié)功能中扮演重要的角色,并關(guān)系到有關(guān)疾病的診斷。由于晶狀體的調(diào)節(jié)功能會隨著年齡的增長持續(xù)退化,形成老視和白內(nèi)障等疾病,嚴(yán)重影響中老年人的生活質(zhì)量,也帶來了巨大的公共醫(yī)療負(fù)擔(dān)。目前,由于我們對老視和白內(nèi)障的致病機(jī)制缺乏明確的認(rèn)識,尚未找到一種確定的方法可以延緩癥狀的發(fā)展。因此,一種能夠在體,無創(chuàng)和準(zhǔn)確評估晶狀體力學(xué)特性的研究方法,能夠幫助我們解釋老視和白內(nèi)障的致病機(jī)制,監(jiān)測老視和白內(nèi)障等晶狀體疾病的發(fā)展過程,進(jìn)而研究相應(yīng)的預(yù)防和治療方法。本論文提出一種基于超聲聲輻射力在體定量測量新西蘭兔晶狀體力學(xué)特性的新方法。本研究基于Verasonics Vantage256超聲平臺,采用超聲輻射力激勵(lì)晶狀體局部振動,并采用平面波快速成像的方式檢測晶狀體的振動信息。測量了振動傳播的群速度與相速度,基于Voigt模型獲得頻散與彈性和粘性模量的關(guān)系,通過非線性擬合得到對應(yīng)的粘彈性值。本論文先以離體的豬眼球和牛眼球?yàn)閷?shí)驗(yàn)對象,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,豬眼晶狀體的群速度,楊氏模量和彈性值都大于牛眼晶狀體的值,均有顯著性差異。離體壓縮實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果與超聲實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果一致,一定程度上驗(yàn)證了超聲平臺的有效性。在體實(shí)驗(yàn)是以四組不同日齡的新西蘭白兔為實(shí)驗(yàn)對象,比較在同樣能量的聲輻射力下,不同組新西蘭兔晶狀體的位移,群速度,楊氏模量的差異。結(jié)果表明,隨著日齡的增加,最大位移逐漸減小,群速度和楊氏模量逐漸增大。群速度與日齡的相關(guān)系數(shù)R=0.84,P5×10-8,群速度與體重的相關(guān)系數(shù)R=0.83,P8×10-8,表明樣品的群速度與日齡和體重都有較強(qiáng)的線性相關(guān)性。本論文提出了一種在體,無創(chuàng)的測量晶狀體力學(xué)特性的方法,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,基于超聲聲輻射力的晶狀體力學(xué)特性定量測量可有效反映晶狀體力學(xué)特性的變化,并通過動物實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了在體應(yīng)用的可行性。有望發(fā)展成一種晶狀體力學(xué)特性的在體測量技術(shù)并用于老視的發(fā)病機(jī)制和治療方法的研究。
[Abstract]:Lens is an important part of the refractive system of the eyeball, and is the only refractive stroma with adjustable ability. The biomechanical properties of lens play an important role in lens regulation and are related to the diagnosis of related diseases. As the regulating function of lens continues to degenerate with the increase of age, diseases such as presbyopia and cataract, which seriously affect the quality of life of middle-aged and elderly people, also bring a huge burden of public medical care. At present, due to the lack of a clear understanding of the pathogenesis of presbyopia and cataract, no definitive method has been found to delay the development of symptoms. Therefore, a research method that can evaluate the mechanical properties of lens in vivo, noninvasive and accurately can help us explain the pathogenic mechanism of presbyopia and cataract and monitor the development of lens diseases such as presbyopia and cataract. Then the corresponding prevention and treatment methods are studied. In this paper, a new method for quantitative measurement of lens mechanical properties in New Zealand rabbits based on ultrasonic radiation force in vivo is proposed. Based on Verasonics Vantage256 ultrasonic platform, the local vibration of lens is excited by ultrasonic radiation force, and the vibration information of lens is detected by plane wave fast imaging. The group velocities and phase velocities of vibration propagation were measured. Based on the Voigt model, the relationship between dispersion and elastic and viscous modulus was obtained, and the corresponding viscoelastic values were obtained by nonlinear fitting. In this paper, in vitro porcine and bovine eyeballs were used as experimental objects. The results showed that the group velocity, Young's modulus and elasticity of porcine lens were higher than those of bovine lens, and there were significant differences. The results of in vitro compression experiments are consistent with those of ultrasonic experiments, which to some extent verify the validity of the ultrasonic platform. In vivo, four groups of New Zealand white rabbits of different ages were used to compare the differences of lens displacement, group velocity and Young's modulus in different groups under the same energy of acoustic radiation. The results show that the maximum displacement decreases and the group velocity and Young's modulus increase with the increase of day age. The correlation coefficient between group velocity and body weight was 0.84 脳 10 ~ (-8), and the correlation coefficient between group velocity and body weight was 0.83 脳 10 ~ (-8), which indicated that the group velocity had a strong linear correlation with age and body weight. In this paper, a method of measuring lens mechanical properties in vivo and non-invasive is proposed. The experimental results show that quantitative measurement of lens mechanical properties based on ultrasonic acoustic radiation can effectively reflect the change of lens mechanical properties. The feasibility of in vivo application was verified by animal experiments. It is expected to develop into an in vivo measurement of lens mechanical properties and be used in the study of pathogenesis and treatment of presbyopia.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：深圳大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB559;R770.4

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本文編號：1862998