本文選題：內(nèi)耳　切入點：三維仿真　出處：《浙江理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)今世界越來越多人被內(nèi)耳疾病所困惱,內(nèi)耳是聽覺的功能性器官,深入研究內(nèi)耳早期發(fā)育是探索治療方法的重要途徑。本文提出一種基于漸變的內(nèi)耳早期發(fā)育三維仿真方法解決內(nèi)耳發(fā)育的計算機(jī)仿真問題,另外通過對內(nèi)耳發(fā)育階段三維模型及其漸變過程中的模型進(jìn)行測量,給出一些測量數(shù)據(jù),為漸變過程提供有效信息。論文主要工作如下:(1)源模型和目標(biāo)模型特征點對獲取。通過石蠟切片和三維重建技術(shù)構(gòu)建源模型和目標(biāo)網(wǎng)格模型,計算模型網(wǎng)格顯著度,設(shè)定相應(yīng)閾值提取出模型顯著特征點信息,該方法簡單快捷并且具有良好的抗噪性。構(gòu)造源模型和目標(biāo)模型包圍盒,通過軸向?qū)赡Ｐ徒茖R,將目標(biāo)網(wǎng)格模型上特征點投影到源網(wǎng)格模型上,投影點即為對應(yīng)的特征點,從而獲取模型間的特征點對信息。(2)應(yīng)用三維漸變技術(shù)實現(xiàn)內(nèi)耳早期發(fā)育仿真過程。將三維模型上提取出的特征點對信息作為約束條件,構(gòu)建一個徑向基函數(shù)插值的隱式曲面函數(shù),通過求解構(gòu)建出的線性方程組,得到隱式曲面函數(shù),即模型間的映射函數(shù),從而建立模型頂點之間的匹配映射關(guān)系。在獲得源模型和目標(biāo)模型間的對應(yīng)關(guān)系的基礎(chǔ)上,采用拉普拉斯坐標(biāo)雙線性插值的方法進(jìn)行路徑插值,實現(xiàn)三維漸變的過程。此外,通過加入網(wǎng)格優(yōu)化算法和平滑策略解決網(wǎng)格模型漸變過程中三角面片尺寸過大、狹長和漸變平滑等問題。(3)內(nèi)耳早期發(fā)育三維測量。通過構(gòu)建包圍盒獲得源網(wǎng)格模型與目標(biāo)網(wǎng)格模型以及漸變過程中模型的三維尺寸信息,同時利用三維網(wǎng)格面片等信息可以獲得網(wǎng)格模型的體積、面積等。這些模型測量數(shù)據(jù)對于計算機(jī)仿真具有重要作用,同時為內(nèi)耳早期發(fā)育的研究提供有效的數(shù)據(jù)信息。本文通過構(gòu)建徑向基函數(shù)插值的隱式曲面函數(shù)和路徑插值算法實現(xiàn)對內(nèi)耳早期發(fā)育的計算機(jī)可視化仿真,該算法實現(xiàn)簡單快捷,漸變過程自然平滑,對內(nèi)耳早期發(fā)育的可視化仿真達(dá)到較好的效果。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, more and more people in the world are annoyed by inner ear disease, which is the functional organ of hearing.In this paper, a 3D simulation method based on gradual change for the development of inner ear is proposed to solve the problem of computer simulation of the development of inner ear. In addition, by measuring the three-dimensional model of inner ear development stage and the model in the process of gradual change, some measuring data are given.Provides effective information for the gradient process.The main work of this paper is as follows: 1) Source model and target model feature point pair acquisition.The source model and target mesh model are constructed by paraffin slice and 3D reconstruction techniques. The mesh saliency of the model is calculated and the corresponding threshold is set to extract the model salient feature point information. The method is simple and fast and has good noise resistance.The bounding box of the source model and the target model is constructed, the two models are approximately aligned by axial alignment, and the feature points on the target mesh model are projected onto the source grid model. The projection points are the corresponding feature points.Thus, the feature pairs of the models are obtained. The 3D gradient technique is used to simulate the early development of the inner ear.Taking the feature pair information extracted from 3D model as the constraint condition, an implicit surface function with radial basis function interpolation is constructed. By solving the linear equation set, the implicit surface function, that is, the mapping function between models, is obtained.Thus the matching mapping relationship between vertices of the model is established.On the basis of obtaining the corresponding relation between the source model and the target model, the path interpolation method of Laplace coordinate bilinear interpolation is used to realize the process of 3D gradual change.In addition, the mesh optimization algorithm and smoothing strategy are added to solve the problems of too large triangulated surface size, narrow length and gradual smoothing in the process of mesh model gradient, etc.) the three-dimensional measurement of inner ear development in the early stage is solved.By constructing the bounding box, the 3D size information of the source mesh model, the target mesh model and the model in the process of gradual change can be obtained. At the same time, the volume and area of the mesh model can be obtained by using the information of the three-dimensional mesh surface.The data measured by these models are important for computer simulation and provide effective data information for the study of early development of inner ear.In this paper, the implicit surface function and path interpolation algorithm of radial basis function interpolation are constructed to realize the computer visual simulation of the early development of inner ear. The algorithm is simple and fast, and the process of gradual change is naturally smooth.Visual simulation of early development of inner ear achieves better results.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP391.41;R764

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