發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-19 18:46

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 耳鼻咽喉 生活質(zhì)量 高中生　出處：《山西醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目的：對(duì)汾陽(yáng)市高中生耳鼻咽喉科常見疾病及相關(guān)癥狀進(jìn)行調(diào)查，并對(duì)該群體生活質(zhì)量進(jìn)行研究，了解耳鼻咽喉科常見疾病發(fā)病情況及對(duì)青少年群體生活質(zhì)量的影響程度，并探討自覺癥狀的嚴(yán)重程度與生活質(zhì)量間是否存在相關(guān)性。 方法：?jiǎn)柧碚{(diào)查與�？茩z查相結(jié)合，整群抽取汾陽(yáng)市兩所高中之一汾陽(yáng)中學(xué)全體在校生，發(fā)放普適性生活質(zhì)量調(diào)查問卷SF-36，及自制耳鼻咽喉癥狀采集問卷，集中填寫后回收整理。以班為單位集中進(jìn)行耳、鼻、咽部�？茩z查，同時(shí)簡(jiǎn)要了解病史，初步確定疾病。按照不同疾病將SF-36問卷結(jié)果分組，比較不同疾病及與正常人群之間、各疾病患者之間生活質(zhì)量是否存在差別；并對(duì)生活質(zhì)量得分與陽(yáng)性癥狀發(fā)生情況相關(guān)性進(jìn)行分析。 結(jié)果：①所調(diào)查2796名高中生，耳鼻咽喉科疾病總體患病率30.5%，疾病前5位依次為：慢性鼻-鼻竇炎（CRS）16%，鼻中隔偏曲8.2%，先天性耳前瘺管3.3%，，慢性扁桃體炎3%，扁桃體肥大2.9%。疾病總體患病率一年級(jí)較高且女生高于男生。常見癥狀自覺報(bào)告率前5位依次為：睡眠質(zhì)量差、易疲勞、鼻塞、學(xué)習(xí)效率下降、耳鳴。多發(fā)疾病各自癥狀除局部表現(xiàn)外也以睡眠質(zhì)量差、易疲勞、學(xué)習(xí)效率下降最為突出。 ②高中生生活質(zhì)量在SF-36量表8個(gè)維度中，以情感角色得分最低，總體健康、心理衛(wèi)生及總分也較低，生理功能一項(xiàng)得分最高；5種疾病中除扁桃體肥大外均對(duì)生活質(zhì)量造成不同程度影響，以鼻部疾病影響顯著，兩種鼻部疾病間及兩種咽部疾病間生活質(zhì)量差異不明顯。生活質(zhì)量隨著自覺癥狀數(shù)及程度的加重而下降，又以總體健康及情感角色兩個(gè)維度最為明顯。 結(jié)論：高中生耳鼻咽喉科疾病發(fā)病率30.5%，其中以慢性鼻-鼻竇炎為首的鼻、咽部慢性疾病最為多見。其相關(guān)癥狀發(fā)生率高、對(duì)患者困擾大的是頭暈、睡眠質(zhì)量差、學(xué)習(xí)效率下降等疾病所致非局部表現(xiàn)。高中生生活質(zhì)量各維度中心理層面的健康問題較之軀體疾患對(duì)他們影響更為深入。常見耳鼻咽喉科疾病對(duì)高中生生活質(zhì)量均有不同程度的影響，其中鼻部疾病對(duì)生活質(zhì)量影響顯著。耳鼻咽喉相關(guān)癥狀的發(fā)生與生活質(zhì)量得分呈負(fù)相關(guān)，隨著自覺癥狀的增多及嚴(yán)重程度的提高，患者生活質(zhì)量隨之下降。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the common diseases and related symptoms of Otolaryngology among senior high school students in Fenyang City, and to study the quality of life of this group, and to understand the incidence of common diseases of Otolaryngology and their influence on the quality of life of adolescents. The relationship between the severity of conscious symptoms and quality of life was discussed. Methods: combined with questionnaire survey and specialized examination, the students of Fenyang Middle School, one of the two high schools in Fenyang City, were selected in cluster, and the questionnaire SF-36 was distributed to investigate the universal quality of life, and the self-made questionnaire was used to collect the symptoms of ear, nose, throat and throat. Taking the class as the unit to carry out the specialized examinations of ear, nose and pharynx, and at the same time to understand the history of the disease briefly, and to identify the disease. According to the results of SF-36 questionnaire, the results of the SF-36 questionnaire were grouped according to the different diseases, and the differences between the different diseases and the normal population were compared. The relationship between QOL scores and positive symptoms was analyzed. And there were 2,796 high school students in the 1: 1 survey. The total prevalence rate of otorhinolaryngology is 30.5%, the first five diseases are CRS16, nasal septum deviation 8.2, congenital preauricular fistula 3.3%, chronic tonsillitis 3%, tonsil hypertrophy 2.9%. The overall prevalence of the disease is higher and higher in the first grade. The rate of conscious reporting of common symptoms in female students was higher than that in boys, and the top five were as follows: poor sleep quality, poor sleep quality and poor sleep quality. Fatigue, nasal obstruction, learning efficiency decline, tinnitus. In addition to local symptoms of multiple diseases in addition to poor sleep quality, easy to fatigue, the most prominent decline in learning efficiency. 2 among the eight dimensions of SF-36, the scores of affective role were the lowest, the overall health, mental health and total score were also lower. Among the five diseases with the highest score of physiological function, except tonsil hypertrophy, the quality of life was affected in varying degrees, especially in nasal diseases. There was no significant difference in the quality of life between the two nasal diseases and the two pharyngeal diseases. The quality of life decreased with the increase of the number and degree of conscious symptoms, and the two dimensions of general health and emotional role were the most obvious. Conclusion: the incidence of otorhinolaryngology diseases in senior high school students is 30.5%, of which chronic rhinosinusitis is the most common. The mental health problems in all dimensions of high school students' quality of life are more profound than those of physical diseases. The common diseases of otorhinolaryngology affect the quality of life of high school students. Have different degrees of influence, The incidence of otorhinolaryngal-related symptoms was negatively correlated with the scores of quality of life. With the increase of conscious symptoms and the improvement of severity, the quality of life of patients decreased.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：R76

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