本文選題：血壓 + 血壓計(jì)　； 參考：《東北大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：血壓是人體健康的重要參數(shù)。隨著生活節(jié)奏的加快,人們生活壓力的增加,高血壓患者的數(shù)量也不斷的增加。眾所周知,高血壓嚴(yán)重威脅著人的身體健康,它能引起許多心腦血管疾病,如冠心病,心臟病,腦溢血及中風(fēng)等疾病,所以經(jīng)常監(jiān)測(cè)血壓對(duì)預(yù)防心腦血管疾病有非常重要的意義。研究無(wú)創(chuàng)血壓測(cè)量技術(shù),特別是電子血壓計(jì),不僅可以提高醫(yī)療單位的效率,避免人為誤差,而且更有助于血壓測(cè)量走進(jìn)每家每戶,方便每個(gè)人了解自己的血壓變化狀況。 本文對(duì)柯氏音法和示波法進(jìn)行研究,分析這兩種方法的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),并采用C8051F020單片機(jī)作為核心控制芯片,設(shè)計(jì)出柯氏音與示波法結(jié)合的混合式電子血壓計(jì)。 柯氏音測(cè)量血壓的方法主要是人工聽(tīng)診法,這種方法是根據(jù)人體動(dòng)脈血管的聲音來(lái)判斷血壓,測(cè)量結(jié)果準(zhǔn)確,被譽(yù)為無(wú)創(chuàng)血壓測(cè)量的“金標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”。但是這種測(cè)壓方法操作復(fù)雜,測(cè)量血壓人員需要接受專業(yè)的培訓(xùn),容易受到環(huán)境及人為因素的影響。由于上述原因,本文采用駐極體麥克來(lái)采集人體的柯氏音信號(hào),避免人的主觀因素,減小血壓測(cè)量的誤差。 示波法血壓測(cè)量技術(shù)主要通過(guò)采集動(dòng)脈的壓力和脈搏信號(hào)來(lái)計(jì)算出血壓值,這種方法是通過(guò)大量的實(shí)驗(yàn),由統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法給出的,并且其測(cè)量結(jié)果穩(wěn)定,是目前電子血壓計(jì)廣泛采用的一種測(cè)量方法。但這種方法也存在著一個(gè)缺點(diǎn),就是固定的幅度系數(shù)會(huì)造成個(gè)體之間測(cè)量的誤差。 本文主要是把柯氏音法與示波法相結(jié)合,利用柯氏音方法和示波法的優(yōu)點(diǎn)設(shè)計(jì)新型的混合式電子血壓計(jì)。在穩(wěn)定性上,使用該混合式血壓計(jì)對(duì)兩名測(cè)試者分別測(cè)壓20次,得到收縮壓的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差是2.36mmHg和2.80mmHg;舒張壓的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差是2.26mmHg和2.56mmHg,與水銀血壓計(jì)得出的結(jié)果相接近,符合實(shí)用要求；在準(zhǔn)確性上,以水銀血壓計(jì)為標(biāo)準(zhǔn),對(duì)20個(gè)測(cè)試者進(jìn)行血壓測(cè)量,得到該混合式血壓計(jì)收縮壓的差值平均值是4.05mmHg,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差是4.94mmHg;舒張壓的差值平均值是3.90mmHg,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差是4.78mmHg,符合AAMI標(biāo)準(zhǔn),并且其差值平均值和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差都小于購(gòu)買的歐姆龍血壓計(jì),所以該血壓計(jì)具有較好的準(zhǔn)確性。
[Abstract]:Blood pressure is an important parameter of human health. With the acceleration of life rhythm and the increase of people's life pressure, the number of hypertension patients is also increasing. As we all know, hypertension is a serious threat to human health, it can cause many cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, such as coronary heart disease, heart disease, cerebral hemorrhage and stroke and other diseases, So it is very important to monitor blood pressure to prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The study of non-invasive blood pressure measurement technology, especially electronic sphygmomanometer, can not only improve the efficiency of medical units and avoid human error, but also help to measure blood pressure in every household and facilitate everyone to understand their blood pressure changes. In this paper, the Coriolis sound method and the oscillographic method are studied, and the advantages and disadvantages of the two methods are analyzed. The hybrid electronic sphygmomanometer is designed by using the C8051F020 single chip microcomputer as the core control chip and the combination of the Coriolis sound and the oscillographic method. The method of measuring blood pressure by Coriolis tone is mainly artificial auscultation. This method is based on the sound of human artery vessel to judge blood pressure. The result is accurate, and it is regarded as the "golden standard" of non-invasive blood pressure measurement. However, the blood pressure measurement method is complicated, and the blood pressure measurement personnel need professional training, which is easily influenced by environment and human factors. Because of the above reasons, this paper uses electret Mike to collect the Coriolis sound signal of human body, to avoid subjective factors and to reduce the error of blood pressure measurement. Oscillographic blood pressure measurement technique mainly calculates blood pressure value by collecting arterial pressure and pulse signals. This method is given by a large number of experiments and statistics, and its measurement results are stable. At present, electronic sphygmomanometer is widely used as a measuring method. However, this method also has a disadvantage, that is, the fixed amplitude coefficient can cause the measurement error between individuals. In this paper, a new hybrid electronic sphygmomanometer is designed by combining the Coriolis sound method with the oscillographic method and using the advantages of the Coriolis sound method and the oscillographic method. In terms of stability, the standard deviation of systolic blood pressure is 2.36mmHg and 2.80 mm Hg, the standard deviation of diastolic blood pressure is 2.26mmHg and 2.56 mmHg, which is close to the result of mercury sphygmomanometer. In terms of accuracy, blood pressure was measured by mercury sphygmomanometer in 20 subjects. The average systolic blood pressure difference was 4.05 mm Hg, the standard deviation was 4.94 mm Hg, and the average value of diastolic blood pressure difference was 3.90 mmHg and 4.78 mmHg, which was in accordance with AAMI standard, the mean value of diastolic blood pressure was 3.90 mmHg and the standard deviation was 4.78 mmHg, the mean value of systolic blood pressure was 4.05 mmHg, and the standard deviation was 4.94 mmHg. The average value and standard deviation of the Sphygmomanometer are smaller than that of the OMRON Sphygmomanometer, so the Sphygmomanometer has good accuracy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：R318.6

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