本文關(guān)鍵詞： 生物力學(xué) 心血管疾病 殘余應(yīng)力 有限元模擬 血管支架　出處：《上海交通大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著生活水平的提高,心血管疾病的發(fā)病率越來越高,已經(jīng)成為現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的沉重負(fù)擔(dān)。支架植入術(shù)因其微創(chuàng)傷和高效性,是目前治療心血管狹窄的主導(dǎo)方法。如何有效的置入支架,以提高治療的成功率,減小二次狹窄的發(fā)生,是當(dāng)前心血管治療與研究的重點(diǎn)與熱點(diǎn)。在這些涵蓋了細(xì)胞、組織生物力學(xué)和力學(xué)生物學(xué)研究中,針對(duì)血管和支架之間相互作用的研究是基礎(chǔ)。而如何結(jié)合血管的非線性力學(xué)特性,研究支架放置對(duì)血管壁應(yīng)力的影響是本論文研究的重點(diǎn)。 本文就以下三個(gè)方面進(jìn)行了研究。1、血管殘余應(yīng)力的數(shù)理構(gòu)建。即使在離體狀態(tài)下,血管中仍存在著殘余應(yīng)力。將血管沿徑向剪開,它會(huì)迅速張開,形成一個(gè)張開角。本文運(yùn)用有限元數(shù)值模擬與彈性力學(xué)半逆解法求解出血管的殘余應(yīng)力。2、血管在體應(yīng)力模型的數(shù)值構(gòu)建。在血管模型上加載殘余應(yīng)力后,并考慮在體血管所承受的其它載荷,本文進(jìn)一步建立血管在體狀態(tài)下的有限元模型。3、血管與支架相互作用的數(shù)值研究及分析。本文采用數(shù)值模擬研究了正常血管與支架接觸過程中,離體狀態(tài)與在體狀態(tài)下血管應(yīng)力分布的差異;在此基礎(chǔ)上,我們討論了病變血管與支架接觸過程中,殘余應(yīng)力對(duì)于血管應(yīng)力水平的影響。 通過數(shù)值和理論分析,本文主要得到了以下結(jié)論:1、有限元模擬與彈性力學(xué)半逆解法有著較好的一致性。2、血管殘余應(yīng)力的存在的確改善了血管在體應(yīng)力的分布;同時(shí)在數(shù)值模擬中對(duì)血管進(jìn)行分層將有助于得到更加真實(shí)的計(jì)算結(jié)果。3、支架植入后,在體條件下血管的應(yīng)力分布均勻程度要遠(yuǎn)高于離體條件下血管的應(yīng)力分布。支架的置入會(huì)在很大程度上提高血管的整體應(yīng)力水平。 本文的研究彌補(bǔ)了目前對(duì)血管殘余應(yīng)力研究的不足,為優(yōu)化支架放置,使放置后血管的應(yīng)力狀態(tài)得到優(yōu)化,減少促使二次狹窄病變發(fā)生的應(yīng)力水平給出了力學(xué)支持。為支架設(shè)計(jì)和支架放置方法的評(píng)估提供一些參考。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of living standards, the incidence of cardiovascular disease is more and more high, has become a heavy burden on modern society. Stent implantation for its micro trauma and high efficiency, is currently the treatment of cardiovascular stent stenosis leading method. How to effectively, to improve the power of treatment, two reduction of restenosis, is the current focus of cardiovascular research and treatment. In these covers cells, biomechanics and mechanobiology research organization, research on the interaction between stent and vessel is the basis. Combining the nonlinear mechanical characteristics of vascular stent placement, study effects on the vascular wall stress is the focus of this thesis.
In this paper, the following three aspects of the study of.1, the construction of mathematical vascular residual stress. Even in vitro, blood vessels in the residual stress still exist. The vessel along radial cut, it will spread quickly, forming an opening angle. This paper uses the finite element numerical simulation and semi inverse elasticity a method for solving the residual stress of.2, the construct of the stress state of blood vessels in the body. The residual stress loading in the vessel model, and consider other loads in vivo, further establish the finite element model of the blood vessels in the body under the condition of.3, numerical simulation and analysis of the interaction between vessel and stent. Based on the numerical simulation of the normal vessel and stent contact process, in vitro and in vivo vascular status differences of stress distribution; on this basis, we discuss the vascular lesions and stent contact process, residual stress on The effect of the vascular stress level.
Through numerical simulation and theoretical analysis, this paper obtained the following conclusions: 1. The finite element simulation of elastic mechanics and semi inverse method has a good consistency between.2 and vascular the presence of residual stress distribution did improve blood vessels in the body stress; at the same time the results layer will help get more real.3 the blood vessels in the numerical simulation, after stent implantation, in vitro vascular stress distribution uniformity is far higher than that from the stress distribution under the condition of the body. The vascular stent placement improves vascular stress level to a great extent.
This study makes up the lack of research on vascular residual stress, placed in order to optimize the stent, placed after vascular stress state has been optimized to reduce the two stenosis occurred in the stress level is given mechanical support. To provide some reference for support design and evaluation method of placing stents.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：O344.1;R312

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