【摘要】：研究背景皮膚是人體抵御外界環(huán)境損害的第一道屏障。通過對中國健康人群的皮膚生理指標(biāo)檢測,可以提高皮膚科臨床醫(yī)生對皮膚疾病的認(rèn)識、診斷和療效評價。傳統(tǒng)超聲成像體系由于分辨率不夠,深度不夠淺表和探頭過大(超聲換能器)而不適用于皮膚病學(xué)。隨著高頻超聲皮膚影像儀的發(fā)展,高頻超聲成像目前已經(jīng)應(yīng)用于皮膚病學(xué)領(lǐng)域。因?yàn)楦哳l超聲皮膚影像儀具有的高頻率和高分辨率特性,它不僅可以清晰的顯示皮膚各層結(jié)構(gòu),而且可以精確的側(cè)量皮膚厚度與皮膚回聲密度。皮膚科醫(yī)生在高頻超聲成像系統(tǒng)的幫助下,可以診斷出皮膚病的眾多適應(yīng)癥。皮膚厚度和皮膚回聲密度是皮膚生理一般監(jiān)測指標(biāo),一些常見的皮膚疾病如尋常型銀屑病、關(guān)節(jié)型銀屑病、特應(yīng)性皮炎和硬皮病等發(fā)病過程都伴隨著皮膚厚度和皮膚回聲密度的變化。本研究主要檢測中國健康人群的皮膚厚度、皮膚回聲密度和皮膚聲像圖,探討它們在不同性別、年齡和解剖部位差異性,以期為皮膚科醫(yī)生在皮膚疾病診斷和療效評價提供依據(jù)。目的用無創(chuàng)高頻超聲自動測量中國健康人群各年齡組皮膚厚度、皮膚回聲密度及皮膚聲像圖研究,并檢驗(yàn)它們在健康人群中是否存在統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。方法應(yīng)用22MHz高頻超聲分別對830名健康人群前額、面頰、前臂、手背、手掌、腹部、小腿、腳背8個不同解剖部位進(jìn)行自動測量皮膚厚度、皮膚回聲密度及皮膚聲像圖觀察,并詳細(xì)記錄各組數(shù)據(jù)。結(jié)果22MHz高頻超聲可以清晰地顯示皮膚各層結(jié)構(gòu),表皮層為一線狀高回聲;真皮層為中等回聲,真皮下層可見管狀低回聲的皮下靜脈;皮下脂肪層為低回聲;淺筋膜為規(guī)則縱向走行的線狀高回聲。8個不同部位皮膚厚度中男性手掌皮膚最厚;女性腳背皮膚最薄。部位不同、性別不同均影響皮膚厚度且均具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(p㩳0.05)。8個不同部位皮膚回聲密度中女性小腿皮膚回聲密度最高;男性前額皮膚回聲密度最低。除面頰與手掌、前臂與手背、小腿與腳背,其它部位兩兩之間皮膚回聲密度差異比較具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(p㩳0.05)。除腳背部,其它部位性別不同其皮膚回聲密度差異具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(p㩳0.05)。結(jié)論22MHz高頻超聲可以清晰地顯示皮膚各層結(jié)構(gòu)及精確地測量皮膚厚度和皮膚回聲密度。由于高頻超聲無創(chuàng)性,在皮膚病診斷、療效評價、正常皮膚測量及監(jiān)控、皮膚腫瘤和醫(yī)療美容中均扮演著重要的角色。
[Abstract]:Background skin is the first barrier against external environmental damage. Through the detection of skin physiological indexes of healthy people in China, the understanding, diagnosis and curative effect evaluation of skin diseases can be improved. The traditional ultrasonic imaging system is not suitable for dermatology because of its insufficient resolution, shallow depth and too large probe (ultrasonic transducer). With the development of high frequency ultrasound skin imager, high frequency ultrasound imaging has been used in dermatology. Because of the high frequency and high resolution characteristics of high frequency ultrasonic skin imager, it can not only clearly display the structure of each layer of the skin, but also accurately measure the thickness of the skin and the echo density of the skin. Dermatologists can diagnose many indications of dermatosis with the help of high frequency ultrasound imaging system. Skin thickness and skin echo density are general monitoring indexes of skin physiology. Some common skin diseases such as psoriasis vulgaris, psoriasis vulgaris, The pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis and scleroderma is accompanied by the change of skin thickness and skin echo density. The purpose of this study was to detect the skin thickness, skin echo density and skin sonography of healthy Chinese population, and to explore the differences of skin thickness, skin echo density and skin sonography in different genders, ages and anatomical sites. In order to provide the basis for dermatologists in the diagnosis and curative effect evaluation of skin diseases. Objective to automatically measure skin thickness, skin echo density and skin sonography in Chinese healthy population by noninvasive high frequency ultrasound, and to test whether there is statistical significance in healthy population. Methods the skin thickness, skin echo density and skin sonography of 830 healthy people were automatically measured by 22MHz high frequency ultrasound in 8 different anatomical parts of forehead, cheek, forearm, back of hand, palm, abdomen, calf and foot. The data of each group were recorded in detail. Results 22MHz high frequency ultrasound could clearly show the structure of each layer of the skin, the epidermis was linear hyperecho, the dermis was medium echo, the subcutaneous hypoechoic vein could be seen in the subdermis, and the subcutaneous fat layer was hypoechoic. The superficial fascia is a linear hyperecho with regular longitudinal direction. Among the 8 different skin thickness, the skin of the palm of the man is the thickest, and the skin of the back of the foot is the thinnest. The skin thickness was affected by different sites and gender (p 鈮，

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