本文選題：特應性皮炎 + 臨床特征��； 參考：《安徽醫(yī)科大學》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：背景特應性皮炎(Atopic dermatitis,AD)是一種慢性復發(fā)性、瘙癢性、炎癥性皮膚疾病,與遺傳因素、環(huán)境因素、免疫因素等有關,常自嬰幼兒期起病,病情易反復,部分患者可持續(xù)至成年期。近三十年,全世界范圍內患病率呈逐年上升趨勢,尤其以西方工業(yè)發(fā)達國家為甚,又因特應性皮炎主要發(fā)生于兒童、青少年,特別是嬰幼兒,病情易反復、瘙癢難當,對處于生理和心理正處發(fā)育階段的低齡患者造成的影響不可估量。因此,對特應性皮炎的病因學研究已成了近二十年的研究熱點,并在遺傳基因學、免疫學、環(huán)境因素及過敏原等方面取得了重大成果。但無論國內國外,關于地域性差異對特應性皮炎發(fā)病情況的影響僅局限于部分臨床特征或某一因素,無系統(tǒng)性統(tǒng)計。AD是一種復雜疾病,呈非孟德爾遺傳模式,具有較強的種族差異和遺傳異質性,為探討特應性皮炎在不同地域發(fā)病的情況,本研究應用課題組AD易感基因的GWA研究初步結果(未發(fā)表),分析AD在遺傳基因學基礎下在不同地域的發(fā)病情況的差異,進一步為AD的臨床特征發(fā)生率與不同地域的不同因素的關系的研究奠定基礎。 目的探討特應性皮炎的臨床特征在中國南北方患者發(fā)生情況的差異。 方法采用回顧性研究并用調查表的形式收集患者的資料,并分析各臨床特征在南北方患者中發(fā)生概率的差異性。 結果1.個人異位史患者發(fā)生情況:在南方患者中(48.2%)高于北方(26.4%),具有統(tǒng)計學差異(P0.05),家族異位史發(fā)生情況:在北方患者(78.2%)中高于南方(66.9%)具統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.05); 2.患病季節(jié):南北方AD患者在發(fā)病季節(jié)上總體具有差異性(P0.05),夏季北方的發(fā)病率顯著高于南方的發(fā)病率(P0.05)、秋季南方的發(fā)病率顯著高于北方(P0.05); 3.疾病嚴重程度:輕度患者在北方患者中的發(fā)生情況比南方患者搞(P0.05)、而南方患者中度的患者發(fā)生情況比北方患者中高(P0.05); 4.次要癥狀和其他癥狀:次要體征中有十五項南北方有顯著差異,其他癥狀中五項南北方有差異(P0.05),已被列入診斷標準的:干皮病、乳頭濕疹、面部皮炎、非特異性手足皮炎的發(fā)生率在北方顯著高于南方(P0.05),而毛周隆起則在南方的發(fā)生率更高些(P0.05)。 結論研究表明特應性皮炎在中國南北方的發(fā)病情況具有顯著地域性差異。
[Abstract]:Background Atopic dermatitis AD is a chronic recurrent, pruritus, inflammatory skin disease related to genetic factors, environmental factors, immune factors and so on. In the past three decades, the prevalence rate has been increasing year by year in the world, especially in the developed countries of western industry, and the incidence of atopic dermatitis mainly occurs in children, adolescents, especially infants, the disease is easy to repeat and itching is difficult. The effect on young patients in physiological and psychological stages of development is incalculable. Therefore, the etiology of atopic dermatitis has become a hot topic in recent 20 years, and great achievements have been made in genetic genetics, immunology, environmental factors and allergens. However, whether at home or abroad, the influence of regional differences on the incidence of atopic dermatitis is limited to some clinical features or a certain factor. There is no systematic statistical analysis. AD is a complex disease, which is a non-Mendelian genetic model. In order to investigate the incidence of atopic dermatitis in different regions, In this study, the preliminary results of the GWA study of AD susceptibility genes (not published) were used to analyze the differences in the incidence of AD in different regions on the basis of genetic genetics. Further more, it will lay a foundation for the study of the relationship between the incidence of AD clinical characteristics and different factors in different regions. Objective to investigate the clinical characteristics of atopic dermatitis in patients in the north and south of China. Methods the data of patients were collected by retrospective study and questionnaire, and the differences of occurrence probability among patients in North and South were analyzed. Result 1. The incidence of individual ectopic history in the patients in the south (48.2%) was higher than that in the north (26.4%), and there was statistical difference (P0.05). The incidence of family ectopic history in the northern patients (78.2%) was higher than that in the south (66.9%) (P0.05); 2. Disease season: the incidence of AD patients in the south and north had the overall difference in the onset season (P0.05), the incidence in summer was significantly higher than that in the south (P0.05), the incidence in autumn was significantly higher than that in the north (P0.05); 3. The severity of disease: the incidence of mild patients in the northern patients was higher than that in the southern patients (P0.05), while the incidence of moderate patients in the southern patients was higher than that in the northern patients (P0.05); 4. Secondary symptoms and other symptoms: fifteen Xiang Nan and five other symptoms had significant differences in the north and south (P0.05), which had been included in the diagnostic criteria: dry dermatosis, nipple eczema, facial dermatitis, The incidence of nonspecific hand and foot dermatitis in the north was significantly higher than that in the south (P0.05), while the incidence of the hair circumference was higher in the south (P0.05). Conclusion the study showed that the incidence of atopic dermatitis in the north and south of China was significantly different in different regions.
【學位授予單位】：安徽醫(yī)科大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：R758.23

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