【摘要】：目的：分析輸尿管內(nèi)支架管在泌尿外科中的應(yīng)用,總結(jié)不同因素對(duì)內(nèi)支架管置入后并發(fā)癥的影響。方法：收集我院2012年1月至2014年1月因各種原因造成或有可能出現(xiàn)輸尿管狹窄、腎積水等情況,留置輸尿管支架的患者的病例資料,結(jié)合電話隨訪,記錄患者年齡、疾病種類、置管方式、活動(dòng)量、飲水量、留置時(shí)間,是否有血尿、下尿路刺激癥狀、腰痛、支架管移位、石垢形成等并發(fā)癥,分析是否與前面所提到的因素相關(guān)。結(jié)果：1.總體置管率為96.9%,置管成功率為98.8%,需嚴(yán)格遵循輸尿管置管的適應(yīng)癥；血尿與下尿路刺激癥狀為置管后最常見的并發(fā)癥。2.經(jīng)切口置管患者支架管移位高于其他；逆行置管患者石垢形成較高；其他類疾病患者血尿明顯低于其他各組；輸尿管結(jié)石患者石垢形成明顯高于其他疾�。惠斈蚬芙Y(jié)石及腎結(jié)石患者發(fā)生支架管移位明顯低于其他病例；大量活動(dòng)患者的血尿、支架管移位、下尿路刺激癥狀發(fā)生率明顯高于其他組別,少量活動(dòng)患者尿液返流的發(fā)生率明顯高于其他；18歲組中支架管移位明顯高于其他組；飲水量1000ml的患者發(fā)生血尿、石垢形成、下尿路刺激等高于其他組,2000m1的患者的尿液返流高于其他組；留置短時(shí)間內(nèi)血尿、下尿路刺激癥狀明顯高于其它組,長時(shí)間留置支架管的患者支架管移位、石垢形成、及尿液返流高于其他組；3.在去除其他只以置管時(shí)間為觀察指標(biāo)的A、B組患者,兩組患者兩周內(nèi)的血尿、下尿路刺激癥狀差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(0.05),B組患者兩周至四周的血尿及下尿路刺激癥狀高于A組。以上差異經(jīng)檢驗(yàn)(P0.05),具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。結(jié)論：輸尿管支架管在泌尿外科臨床應(yīng)用過程中血尿、下尿路刺激為最常見的并發(fā)癥；上文所提各項(xiàng)因素均對(duì)輸尿管支架應(yīng)用過程中的并發(fā)癥有影響。
[Abstract]:Objective: to analyze the application of ureteral stent in urology, and to summarize the influence of different factors on complications. Methods: patients with ureteral stricture and hydronephrosis were collected from January 2012 to January 2014. The patients with ureteral stents were followed up by telephone. The complications of catheterization, activity, water intake, retention time, hematuria, irritation of lower urinary tract, low back pain, stenting tube displacement, and formation of stonework were analyzed. The result is 1: 1. The total rate of catheterization was 96.9, the successful rate of catheterization was 98.8, the indication of ureteral catheterization should be strictly followed, and the symptoms of hematuria and stimulation of lower urinary tract were the most common complications after catheterization. The transposition of stents in patients with incision catheterization was higher than that in other groups, the formation of stonework scale was higher in patients with retrograde catheterization, the hematuria in patients with other diseases was significantly lower than that in other groups, and the formation of stonework in ureteral calculi was significantly higher than that in other diseases. The incidence of stenting in patients with ureteral calculi and renal calculi was significantly lower than that in other groups, and the incidence of hematuria, stenting and irritation of lower urinary tract in patients with large number of active patients was significantly higher than that in other groups. The incidence of urinary regurgitation in patients with small amount of active urine was significantly higher than that in other 18 years old group, and the incidence of stenting tube displacement in patients with 1000ml drinking water was significantly higher than that in other groups. The urinary reflux of patients with lower urinary tract stimulation was higher than that of other groups, and the symptoms of lower urinary tract irritation were significantly higher than those of other groups in a short period of time. Urine reflux was higher than that in other groups. There was no significant difference in the hematuria and lower urinary tract irritation symptoms between the two groups after removing the other patients in group A (0.05). The symptoms of hematuria and lower urinary tract stimulation in group B were higher than those in group A for two weeks to four weeks. The above differences were tested (P0.05), with statistical significance. Conclusion: lower urinary tract stimulation is the most common complication during ureteral stenting in urology, and all the factors mentioned above have an effect on the complications of ureteral stenting.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：R699

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