發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-26 03:21

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 腎臟疾病 腎活組織檢查 電子顯微鏡 病理類型 回顧性分析　出處：《廣西醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目的 探討2589例腎活檢患者流行病學(xué)特點(diǎn)、病理類型分布；客觀如實(shí)的評(píng)估電鏡檢查在腎臟病病理診斷中的作用。方法 回顧性分析我院2589例腎活檢患者的一般資料、光鏡聯(lián)合免疫熒光檢查及電鏡檢查的資料,將電鏡檢查結(jié)果作為最終診斷,統(tǒng)計(jì)最終病理類型的分布,并與光鏡聯(lián)合免疫熒光所作的初步診斷作比較,評(píng)估電鏡檢查在腎臟疾病病理診斷中所起的作用。將核實(shí)后的資料錄入計(jì)算機(jī),采用EXCEL及SPSS軟件建立數(shù)據(jù)庫,運(yùn)用SPSS16.0軟件進(jìn)行分析處理。結(jié)果 (1)患者行活檢時(shí)平均年齡37.77±16.06(1～89)歲,男女之比為0.96：1;原發(fā)性腎小球疾病占73.46%,繼發(fā)性腎臟疾病占25.07%;原發(fā)性腎小球疾病的病理類型中最多見為膜性腎病(33.23%),其次為微小病變性腎小球腎炎(21.82%)和IgA腎病(18.72%)。(2)繼發(fā)性腎臟疾病病理病理類型中以狼瘡性腎炎居首位(76.12%),其次為糖尿病腎病(8.32%)和血管炎腎損害(3.70%)；狼瘡性腎炎男女之為1：6.72病理類型最多為Ⅳ型(40.49%)及V型(28.34%)。(3)遺傳性腎小球疾病較少,主要為薄基底膜腎病及Alport綜合征。(4)電鏡檢查對(duì)腎活檢病理診斷起決定診斷作用的病例占17.27%,起修正補(bǔ)充作用的病例占23.10%,而起驗(yàn)證作用者占59.63%;電鏡檢查對(duì)40.36%的腎活檢最終病理診斷提供有價(jià)值信息,而光鏡免疫熒光聯(lián)合檢查對(duì)59.64%的病例可獨(dú)立診斷(X2=192.35,P=0.000)。結(jié)論 (1)本組行腎穿刺活檢的患者多為青壯年,以原發(fā)性腎臟疾病最常見,其中膜性腎病是最多見的病理類型,其次為微小病變腎小球腎炎和IgA腎病；我院膜性腎病比例呈明顯上升趨勢,且高于國內(nèi)其他地區(qū)。(2)狼瘡性腎炎是最多見繼發(fā)性腎臟疾病的病理類型,其次為糖尿病腎病和血管炎腎損害。(3)本組研究中遺傳性腎小球疾病比例較少,主要為薄基底膜腎病及Alport綜合征。(4)行電鏡檢查對(duì)腎臟疾病病理診斷非常必要,應(yīng)該常規(guī)留取腎組織標(biāo)本進(jìn)行電鏡檢查。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the epidemiological characteristics and pathological type distribution of 2589 renal biopsy patients, and to evaluate the role of objective electron microscopy in the diagnosis of renal diseases. Methods the general data of 2589 renal biopsy patients in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The results of light microscopy combined with immunofluorescence and electron microscopy were regarded as final diagnosis, and the distribution of final pathological types was analyzed and compared with the preliminary diagnosis made by light microscope combined with immunofluorescence. To evaluate the role of electron microscopy in the pathological diagnosis of renal diseases. The verified data were input into the computer, the database was established by EXCEL and SPSS, and the data was analyzed by SPSS16.0 software. Results: the average age of biopsy was 37.77 鹵16.061.89 years old. The ratio of male to female was 0.96: 1; primary glomerular disease was 73.46; secondary renal disease was 25.07; membranous nephropathy was the most common pathological type of primary glomerular disease, followed by minimal change glomerulonephritis 21.82) and IgA nephropathy was 18.72%. Among the pathological types of renal diseases, lupus nephritis was the most common pathological type, followed by diabetic nephropathy (8.32T) and vasculitis (3.70%), lupus nephritis (16.72%), type 鈪，

本文編號(hào)：1536320