217例糖尿病患者泌尿道感染病原菌及耐藥性的臨床分析
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-01-26 02:40
本文關(guān)鍵詞: 糖尿病 泌尿道感染 病原菌 易感因素 耐藥性 出處:《吉林大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文 論文類型:學(xué)位論文
【摘要】:背景: 糖尿病是一種常見(jiàn)的慢性、代謝性疾病,近年來(lái)糖尿病的發(fā)病率仍呈現(xiàn)持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)的趨勢(shì),截止到2008年世界衛(wèi)生組織(WHO)報(bào)道全球約有3.47億糖尿病病人,這個(gè)數(shù)字相當(dāng)于成年總?cè)丝诘?.5%[2]。另有報(bào)道為美國(guó)學(xué)者對(duì)全球范圍內(nèi)所有年齡組的糖尿病患病率進(jìn)行評(píng)估,糖尿病的患病率將由2000年的2.8%上升至2030年的4.4%,預(yù)計(jì)糖尿病總?cè)藬?shù)將從2000年的1.71億上升到2030年的3.66億[1]。糖尿病可合并多種慢性并發(fā)癥,其并發(fā)癥可以累及多個(gè)系統(tǒng),導(dǎo)致器官功能障礙和衰竭,甚至致殘或致死。除了各系統(tǒng)并發(fā)癥,與非糖尿病患者相比,糖尿病患者更容易罹患各種感染,其中泌尿道感染是糖尿病患者最常見(jiàn)的感染類型之一。 目的: 研究糖尿病患者泌尿道感染的病原菌分布特點(diǎn)及藥敏特點(diǎn),同時(shí)對(duì)糖尿病患者泌尿道感染與糖尿病非泌尿道感染者進(jìn)行比較,以對(duì)其相關(guān)危險(xiǎn)因素進(jìn)行分析,探索有效的防治措施。方法: 選擇2011年1月-2012年12月于吉林大學(xué)第一醫(yī)院二部住院的患者。選擇病原菌檢測(cè)結(jié)果陽(yáng)性的糖尿病合并泌尿道感染患者217例,分析尿標(biāo)本病原學(xué)檢測(cè)結(jié)果,對(duì)病原菌分布及藥敏試驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析,以了解病原菌種類分布和耐藥性特點(diǎn)。同時(shí)選擇同期住院的119例糖尿病非泌尿道感染的患者為對(duì)照組,記錄患者性別、年齡、女性絕經(jīng)情況、體重指數(shù)、病程等一般資料,測(cè)量FBG、HbA1c、尿糖等各項(xiàng)參數(shù)比較。應(yīng)用SPSS16.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件對(duì)所得數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)和分析,以P0.05表示差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。 結(jié)果: 1、糖尿病合并泌尿道感染的尿培養(yǎng)陽(yáng)性組病原菌及耐藥性分析: 217例送檢尿樣培養(yǎng)出致病菌237株,其中革蘭陰性桿菌占73%,大腸埃希菌居首位,占所有患者的57.38%;革蘭陽(yáng)性菌占21.1%,真菌占5.91%,其中混合細(xì)菌感染者20例(表1)。 藥敏試驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示,致病菌中的革蘭陰性菌對(duì)亞胺培南、美洛配能、阿米卡星、多粘菌素及哌拉西林/他唑巴坦等抗菌藥物較敏感;對(duì)多數(shù)頭孢類及氟喹諾酮類抗菌藥物耐藥率較高,但氟喹諾酮類抗生素中的莫西沙星耐藥率較低(表2)。尤其大腸埃希菌的耐藥現(xiàn)象更為普遍,它對(duì)四環(huán)素、哌拉西林、氨芐西林、復(fù)方磺胺、環(huán)丙沙星、左氧氟沙星的耐藥性高達(dá)65%以上。 2、糖尿病患者尿路感染組與糖尿病非尿路感染組基本資料分析: (1)感染組患者平均年齡為61.02±11.05歲,非感染組患者平均年齡為53.19±15.14歲,兩組患者平均年齡比較有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P0.05)(見(jiàn)表3)。 (2)感染組以女性(86.18%),尤其是絕經(jīng)后女性(55.08%)居多(見(jiàn)表3)。非感染組中女性(占50.42%),兩組性別組成有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P0.05),(圖1)。 (3)感染組平均體重指數(shù)(BMI)為24.92±3.58kg/m2,非感染組平均體重指數(shù)為25.25±4.43kg/m2,兩組比較無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P〉0.05)(見(jiàn)表3)。 (4)感染組平均病程≥10年的為91人(占41.94%),10年的為126人(占58.06%);非感染組平均病程≥10的為53人(占44.54%),10年的為66人(占55.46%);無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)(見(jiàn)表3),提示病程不能構(gòu)成糖尿病泌尿道感染的危險(xiǎn)因素。 3、糖尿病患者尿路感染組與非尿路感染組臨床化驗(yàn)指標(biāo)分析 (1)感染組平均糖化血紅蛋白為9.49±2.23%,,非感染組為9.51±2.75%,兩組患者糖化血紅蛋白水平比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P0.05)(見(jiàn)表3)。 (2)感染組空腹血糖為12.57±6.42mmol/l,非感染組空腹血糖為10.73±6.21,兩組患者空腹血糖水平有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P0.05)(見(jiàn)表3)。 (3)感染組尿糖陽(yáng)性者138人(占63.59%),尿糖陰性者79人(占36.41%);非感染組尿糖陽(yáng)性者50人(占42.02%),尿糖陰性者69人(占57.98%),兩組患者尿糖狀況有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P0.05)(見(jiàn)表3)。提示尿糖陽(yáng)性可能是糖尿病泌尿道感染的易患因素。 結(jié)論: 1、糖尿病患者合并泌尿道感染的尿細(xì)菌培養(yǎng)結(jié)果顯示:主要的致病菌為革蘭陰性桿菌,其次是革蘭陽(yáng)性球菌,革蘭陰性桿菌中以大腸埃希菌最常見(jiàn)。 2、通過(guò)對(duì)藥敏結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析顯示:革蘭陰性桿菌對(duì)氨基糖苷類、碳青霉烯類抗菌素、多粘菌素、頭霉素類以及喹諾酮類抗生素中的莫西沙星耐藥率較低,對(duì)青霉素類、頭孢類耐藥率可高達(dá)65%;革蘭陽(yáng)性球菌中的主要致病菌糞腸球菌對(duì)萬(wàn)古霉素、替考拉寧、利奈唑胺、呋喃妥因、夫西地酸、四環(huán)素等抗菌藥物較敏感,但對(duì)青霉素、頭孢類抗菌藥物普遍有較高耐藥率;真菌對(duì)5-氟胞嘧啶、伏立康唑、兩性霉素B、氟康唑、伊曲康唑耐藥率均為0,敏感性較高。 3、對(duì)糖尿病合并泌尿道感染的患者與糖尿病合并非泌尿道感染患者相關(guān)危險(xiǎn)因素進(jìn)行分析,進(jìn)行單因素分析顯示:年齡、性別、女性絕經(jīng)后、尿糖陽(yáng)性、空腹血糖較高均是本病的危險(xiǎn)因素;進(jìn)行Logistic多因素回歸分析顯示:老年、女性、尿糖陽(yáng)性為糖尿病并發(fā)尿路感染的獨(dú)立危險(xiǎn)因素。
[Abstract]:Background:
Diabetes is a common chronic metabolic disease in recent years, the incidence of diabetes is still showing a trend of sustained growth, by 2008 the WHO (WHO) reported about 347 million diabetic patients 9.5%[2]., this figure is equivalent to the adult population has been reported for other American scholars on the global scope of all age groups of diabetes the prevalence rate of assessment, the prevalence of diabetes will increase from 2.8% in 2030 to 4.4% in 2000, the total number of diabetes is expected to rise from 171 million in 2000 to 366 million [1]. in 2030 can be combined with a variety of chronic complications of diabetes and its complications can occur in multiple systems, leading to organ dysfunction and failure, or even disability or death in addition to the system. The complications, compared with nondiabetic patients, diabetic patients more prone to infection, including urinary tract infection in patients with diabetes is the most common One of the types of infection seen.
Objective:
Objective to study the distribution characteristics and drug sensitivity characteristics of pathogens in diabetic patients with urinary tract infection, and to compare the risk factors of urinary tract infection between diabetic patients and diabetic patients without urinary tract infection, and to explore effective prevention and treatment measures.
From January 2011 to December 2012 in No.1 Hospital of Jilin University in two hospitalized patients. 217 patients with positive selection of diabetic patients with urinary tract infection pathogen test results, analysis of urine samples of pathogen detection results of pathogenic bacteria distribution and drug sensitivity test results were analyzed to understand the pathogen distribution and drug resistance characteristics. At the same period in 119 cases of urinary tract infection in non diabetic patients as control group, to record the sex, age, menopausal status, female body mass index, general information, course of measuring FBG, HbA1c, compare the parameters of each item of urine glucose. The application of SPSS16.0 statistical software and statistical analysis of the data were expressed as P0.05, the difference was statistically significant.
Result錛
本文編號(hào):1464425
本文鏈接:http://sikaile.net/yixuelunwen/mjlw/1464425.html
最近更新
教材專著