【摘要】：貧血是一個(gè)全球問(wèn)題,約25%的人存在貧血。而目前雖無(wú)明確的證據(jù)證明貧血直接造成病死率的增加,但臨床多項(xiàng)回顧性研究顯示貧血與病死率增加有一定的關(guān)系。至于貧血通過(guò)何種機(jī)制導(dǎo)致病死率的增加,目前還沒(méi)有確切的說(shuō)法。但多項(xiàng)研究和分析結(jié)果顯示貧血導(dǎo)致組織供氧不足,組織缺氧,器官衰竭甚至死亡。輸注紅細(xì)胞、注射促紅素及增加血紅蛋白氧載體常用以改善貧血,但并無(wú)有力證據(jù)證明其卻有降低病死率的影響。造成組織缺氧的血紅蛋白值的檢測(cè)方法多種,但臨床實(shí)用性不強(qiáng)。組織缺氧的生物標(biāo)記物方面的研究可能為圍術(shù)期貧血預(yù)后提供參考。輸血仍是治療圍術(shù)期貧血的主要方法,但其并發(fā)癥和對(duì)預(yù)后的影響不容忽視。手術(shù)患者的輸血治療主要發(fā)生在手術(shù)室內(nèi),麻醉科醫(yī)師應(yīng)當(dāng)是輸血相關(guān)并發(fā)癥和適應(yīng)癥方面的專家。同時(shí)麻醉醫(yī)師應(yīng)該跟進(jìn)目前血液管理新進(jìn)展,積極主動(dòng)降低因輸血所造成的不良后果。
[Abstract]:Anemia is a global problem, with about 25% of people suffering from anaemia. Although there is no clear evidence that anemia directly leads to an increase in mortality, a number of clinical retrospective studies have shown that anemia is associated with an increase in mortality. The mechanism by which anaemia leads to an increase in mortality is not immediately known. But a number of studies and analyses show that anemia leads to tissue hypoxia, organ failure and even death. Red blood cell transfusion, injection of propofol and increased hemoglobin oxygen carrier are commonly used to improve anemia, but there is no strong evidence that it has the effect of reducing mortality. There are many methods to detect the hemoglobin value, but the clinical practicability is not strong. The study of tissue anoxia biomarkers may provide a reference for the prognosis of perioperative anemia. Blood transfusion is still the main method to treat perioperative anemia, but its complications and influence on prognosis can not be ignored. The blood transfusion treatment of surgical patients mainly occurs in the operating room, and the anesthesiologist should be an expert in transfusion related complications and indications. At the same time, anesthesiologists should follow the current progress in blood management and actively reduce the adverse consequences of blood transfusion.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：R614

【共引文獻(xiàn)】

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