奈福泮與臨床常用鎮(zhèn)痛藥對犬術(shù)后鎮(zhèn)痛效果的比較
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-23 11:38
【摘要】：奈福泮是一種非麻醉性鎮(zhèn)痛藥,對中、重疼痛有良好的鎮(zhèn)痛效果,對呼吸抑制較輕,無耐受性和依賴性,已有研究表明肌內(nèi)注射20mg,相當(dāng)于12mg嗎啡的效應(yīng)。奈福泮在人醫(yī)臨床術(shù)后鎮(zhèn)痛方面已廣泛應(yīng)用,在獸醫(yī)臨床未得到人們的認(rèn)可。前期課題組研究了奈福泮在犬鎮(zhèn)痛方面的效果,表明其安全有效,在臨床鎮(zhèn)痛方面具有良好的應(yīng)用前景。 通過建立犬子宮卵巢摘除術(shù)致痛模型,研究圍術(shù)期肌注奈福泮與國內(nèi)寵物臨床常用鎮(zhèn)痛藥(痛立定和美洛昔康)的鎮(zhèn)痛效果,比較觀察不同時間點生理指標(biāo)、疼痛評分及應(yīng)激相關(guān)指標(biāo)的變化,了解三種藥物對犬臨床鎮(zhèn)痛效果及對免疫應(yīng)激方面影響,為奈福泮在犬臨床鎮(zhèn)痛的實際應(yīng)用奠定基礎(chǔ)。 選取本地健康成年雌犬24只,隨機分為4組(A、B、C、D組),四組均摘除子宮卵巢進行致痛。A組不采取任何鎮(zhèn)痛措施,B組在術(shù)后0h(術(shù)后待犬清醒,可正常行走時)肌肉注射奈福泮注射液(2mg/kg),C組在術(shù)后Oh肌肉注射痛立定注射液(4mg/kg),D組在術(shù)后0h肌肉注射美洛昔康注射液(0.2mg/kg)。術(shù)后0、2、4、6、8、12、24h選用墨爾本大學(xué)疼痛評分量表、雙盲試驗法對鎮(zhèn)痛效果進行評價。各時間點檢測生理指標(biāo)、采集血樣,用酶聯(lián)免疫吸附試驗檢測各免疫應(yīng)激相關(guān)指標(biāo)。 結(jié)果表明：(1)疼痛評分結(jié)果顯示術(shù)后0h,各組評分均超過11分,組間無顯著差異(P0.05)。隨后用藥各組評分均降低,6h后各組評分與對照組比較無顯著差異性。(2)心率和血壓的變化趨勢相近,術(shù)后0h犬心率和血壓顯著升高(P0.05),隨后用藥各組心率和血壓均接近生理水平,6h后四組無顯著差異(P0.05)。呼吸頻率在術(shù)后0h明顯增加,在術(shù)后2-4h B、C、D與A組比較呈顯著降低趨勢(P0.05),在6h后四組無顯著差異。犬的體溫在術(shù)后呈現(xiàn)升高趨勢,在術(shù)后2-6h B、C、D組接近正常水平,與A組比較有顯著差異(P0.05),6h后四組體溫?zé)o顯著性差異。(3)應(yīng)激相關(guān)指標(biāo)結(jié)果顯示術(shù)后各組血漿皮質(zhì)醇、兒茶酚胺和胰島素濃度均升高,術(shù)后B、C、D組與A組比較,上升趨勢緩慢,B組較C、D組持續(xù)時間稍長。前列腺素檢測結(jié)果顯示A組術(shù)后均較術(shù)前顯著升高(P0.05), B、C、D組在2-6h與A組相應(yīng)時間比較顯著降低(P0.05),6h后四組無顯著差異。(4)術(shù)后各實驗組腫瘤壞死因子-α和白介素-6含量均升高,B、C、D組與A組比較上升較緩慢。 綜合試驗結(jié)果得出：(1)肌肉注射2mg/kg奈福泮用于犬術(shù)后鎮(zhèn)痛與痛立定和美洛昔康比較,奈福泮鎮(zhèn)痛效果強、持續(xù)時間長(有效鎮(zhèn)痛時間可達(dá)6h)。(2)肌肉注射2mg/kg奈福泮用于犬術(shù)后鎮(zhèn)痛與痛立定和美洛昔康比較,奈福泮具有較長時間抗應(yīng)激、抗傷害作用,對免疫作用抑制輕微。
[Abstract]:Nafopam is a kind of non-anesthetic analgesic, which has good analgesic effect on moderate and severe pain, and has less inhibition of respiration, and has no tolerance and dependence. It has been shown that intramuscular injection of 20 mg is equivalent to that of 12mg morphine. Nafopam has been widely used in postoperative analgesia in human medicine and has not been recognized in veterinary clinic. The effect of nafopam on canine analgesia was studied, which indicated that Nefopam was safe and effective, and had a good application prospect in clinical analgesia. The analgesic effects of nafopam intramuscularly injected during perioperative period were studied by establishing a canine model of pain induced by ovariectomies, and the analgesic effects of Tongliding and meloxicam were compared and observed at different time points. The changes of pain score and stress related indexes were used to understand the effects of three drugs on clinical analgesia and immune stress in dogs, which laid a foundation for the practical application of nafopam in canine clinical analgesia. Twenty-four local healthy adult female dogs were randomly divided into 4 groups (group A). All of the four groups were excised to cause pain. Group A did not take any analgesic measures, and group B was awake at 0 h after operation. Nafopam injection was injected intramuscularly during normal walking (2mg/kg), C group received Oh intramuscular injection of Tongliding injection (4mg/kg), D group 0 h after operation) and meloxicam injection (0.2mg/kg) was injected intramuscularly. The pain scale of the University of Melbourne was used to evaluate the analgesic effect by double blind test. Physiological indexes were detected at each time point, blood samples were collected and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa) was used to detect the relative indexes of immune stress. The results showed that: (1) the pain score showed that the scores of each group exceeded 11 at 0 h after operation, and there was no significant difference between the groups (P0.05). After 6 hours, there was no significant difference between each group and the control group. (2) the change trend of heart rate and blood pressure was similar. The heart rate and blood pressure increased significantly at 0 h after operation (P0.05), then the heart rate and blood pressure of each group were close to physiological level, and there was no significant difference among the four groups after 6 hours (P0.05). The respiratory frequency increased significantly at 0 h after operation, and decreased significantly at 2-4 h after operation compared with group A (P0.05), but there was no significant difference among the four groups after 6 h. The body temperature of dogs showed an increasing trend after operation, and the body temperature of group D was close to the normal level at 2-6 hours after operation, which was significantly different from that of group A (P0.05), but there was no significant difference in body temperature of the four groups after 6 hours. (3) the results of stress related indexes showed that the plasma cortisol in each group was higher than that in group A. The concentrations of catecholamine and insulin were both increased. The trend of increase was slower in group B than in group A, and the duration was longer in group B than in group C. The results of prostaglandin detection showed that the levels of tumor necrosis factor- 偽 and interleukin-6 in group A were significantly higher than those before operation (P0.05), and the levels of tumor necrosis factor- 偽 (TNF- 偽) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in group B were significantly lower than those in group A at 2-6 h (P0.05). (4) there was no significant difference in the levels of tumor necrosis factor- 偽 and interleukin-6 between group A and group A after 6 hours. Compared with group A, group D increased more slowly. The results showed that: (1) compared with Tongliding and meloxicam, the analgesia effect of nafopam by intramuscular injection of 2mg/kg nafopam was stronger than that of Tongliding and meloxicam. The duration was longer (the effective analgesia time was up to 6h). (2). The intramuscular injection of 2mg/kg nafopam for postoperative analgesia in dogs was compared with Tongliding and meloxicam. Nefopam had a long time anti-stress, anti-nociceptive effect, and had a slight inhibition on immune response.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：S859.7;S857.12
本文編號：2289119
[Abstract]:Nafopam is a kind of non-anesthetic analgesic, which has good analgesic effect on moderate and severe pain, and has less inhibition of respiration, and has no tolerance and dependence. It has been shown that intramuscular injection of 20 mg is equivalent to that of 12mg morphine. Nafopam has been widely used in postoperative analgesia in human medicine and has not been recognized in veterinary clinic. The effect of nafopam on canine analgesia was studied, which indicated that Nefopam was safe and effective, and had a good application prospect in clinical analgesia. The analgesic effects of nafopam intramuscularly injected during perioperative period were studied by establishing a canine model of pain induced by ovariectomies, and the analgesic effects of Tongliding and meloxicam were compared and observed at different time points. The changes of pain score and stress related indexes were used to understand the effects of three drugs on clinical analgesia and immune stress in dogs, which laid a foundation for the practical application of nafopam in canine clinical analgesia. Twenty-four local healthy adult female dogs were randomly divided into 4 groups (group A). All of the four groups were excised to cause pain. Group A did not take any analgesic measures, and group B was awake at 0 h after operation. Nafopam injection was injected intramuscularly during normal walking (2mg/kg), C group received Oh intramuscular injection of Tongliding injection (4mg/kg), D group 0 h after operation) and meloxicam injection (0.2mg/kg) was injected intramuscularly. The pain scale of the University of Melbourne was used to evaluate the analgesic effect by double blind test. Physiological indexes were detected at each time point, blood samples were collected and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa) was used to detect the relative indexes of immune stress. The results showed that: (1) the pain score showed that the scores of each group exceeded 11 at 0 h after operation, and there was no significant difference between the groups (P0.05). After 6 hours, there was no significant difference between each group and the control group. (2) the change trend of heart rate and blood pressure was similar. The heart rate and blood pressure increased significantly at 0 h after operation (P0.05), then the heart rate and blood pressure of each group were close to physiological level, and there was no significant difference among the four groups after 6 hours (P0.05). The respiratory frequency increased significantly at 0 h after operation, and decreased significantly at 2-4 h after operation compared with group A (P0.05), but there was no significant difference among the four groups after 6 h. The body temperature of dogs showed an increasing trend after operation, and the body temperature of group D was close to the normal level at 2-6 hours after operation, which was significantly different from that of group A (P0.05), but there was no significant difference in body temperature of the four groups after 6 hours. (3) the results of stress related indexes showed that the plasma cortisol in each group was higher than that in group A. The concentrations of catecholamine and insulin were both increased. The trend of increase was slower in group B than in group A, and the duration was longer in group B than in group C. The results of prostaglandin detection showed that the levels of tumor necrosis factor- 偽 and interleukin-6 in group A were significantly higher than those before operation (P0.05), and the levels of tumor necrosis factor- 偽 (TNF- 偽) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in group B were significantly lower than those in group A at 2-6 h (P0.05). (4) there was no significant difference in the levels of tumor necrosis factor- 偽 and interleukin-6 between group A and group A after 6 hours. Compared with group A, group D increased more slowly. The results showed that: (1) compared with Tongliding and meloxicam, the analgesia effect of nafopam by intramuscular injection of 2mg/kg nafopam was stronger than that of Tongliding and meloxicam. The duration was longer (the effective analgesia time was up to 6h). (2). The intramuscular injection of 2mg/kg nafopam for postoperative analgesia in dogs was compared with Tongliding and meloxicam. Nefopam had a long time anti-stress, anti-nociceptive effect, and had a slight inhibition on immune response.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：S859.7;S857.12
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，本文編號：2289119
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