【摘要】：降低嵌入式系統(tǒng)的功耗有助于提高其穩(wěn)定性、延長電池的續(xù)航時間、拓展產(chǎn)品的適用范圍、減小其尺寸和重量。在全球倡導發(fā)展綠色經(jīng)濟的大背景下，降低嵌入式系統(tǒng)的功耗也是節(jié)能減排、保護生態(tài)環(huán)境的必然要求。本文以一款用于監(jiān)測麻醉術(shù)中病人呼吸功能的嵌入式系統(tǒng)為研究對象，對它的低功耗優(yōu)化問題進行深入探討，以期降低其功耗，延長電池的使用時間，提高該系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性。 首先，簡要介紹嵌入式系統(tǒng)低功耗優(yōu)化技術(shù)的研究背景和研究現(xiàn)狀，在此基礎上，詳細闡述了CMOS電路的功耗特性、DVS和DPM技術(shù)、源程序級和算法級軟件低功耗優(yōu)化的關鍵技術(shù)及其相關原理。對MPU、存儲系統(tǒng)、外圍設備的低功耗優(yōu)化的一般性方法進行了研究和總結(jié)。提出了一種可降低存儲系統(tǒng)功耗的RAM自適應可重構(gòu)動態(tài)分配機制，并給出了相應算法。 其次，根據(jù)肺音信號處理系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)、功能和特點，著重研究該系統(tǒng)低功耗優(yōu)化的策略與方法。提出可通過動態(tài)變換DSP數(shù)字信號處理器的運行速度、使用低功耗指令、正確處理未用引腳等措施來降低DSP的功耗；可對該系統(tǒng)的軟件部分進行低功耗優(yōu)化，通過充分利用片內(nèi)存儲空間和寄存器、合理使用存儲器的低功耗模式、恰當?shù)厥褂脙?nèi)聯(lián)函數(shù)和宏、增強程序的局部性、相關數(shù)據(jù)的連續(xù)存儲、循環(huán)體的適度展開與合并等策略與方法的聯(lián)合使用來降低存儲系統(tǒng)的功耗；對于LCD等外設，可通過使用中斷方式、外設的低功耗模式、降低服務質(zhì)量等方法來降低它們的功耗。 最后，通過三組實驗來檢驗這些優(yōu)化方法的有效性，并對實驗結(jié)果作出分析和評估。結(jié)果表明，優(yōu)化后的肺音信號處理系統(tǒng)在工作狀態(tài)、待機狀態(tài)及模擬用戶使用時，其平均功耗均有不同程度的降低，從而實現(xiàn)了降低該系統(tǒng)的功耗的目標。
[Abstract]:Reducing the power consumption of the embedded system can improve its stability, prolong the battery life, expand the application range of the product, and reduce its size and weight. In the context of global advocacy for the development of a green economy, reducing the power consumption of embedded systems is also an inevitable requirement for energy conservation and emission reduction, as well as for the protection of the ecological environment. In this paper, an embedded system for monitoring patient respiratory function in anesthesiology is studied, and its low power consumption optimization is discussed in order to reduce the power consumption, prolong the battery life and improve the stability of the system. First of all, the research background and current situation of low power optimization technology in embedded system are briefly introduced. On this basis, the power characteristics of CMOS circuit are described in detail, including DVS and DPM technology. The key techniques and related principles of low power optimization for source and algorithmic software. In this paper, the general methods of low power optimization for MPU, storage systems and peripherals are studied and summarized. A RAM adaptive reconfigurable dynamic allocation mechanism is proposed, which can reduce the power consumption of storage system, and the corresponding algorithm is given. Secondly, according to the structure, function and characteristics of lung sound signal processing system, the strategy and method of low power consumption optimization are studied. It is proposed that the power consumption of DSP can be reduced by dynamically changing the speed of DSP digital signal processor, using low power instruction and correctly handling unused pins, and the software part of the system can be optimized with low power consumption. By making full use of the on-chip storage space and registers, using the low power mode of memory reasonably, using inline functions and macros properly, enhancing the locality of the program and the continuous storage of related data, The combination of strategies and methods such as appropriate expansion and merging of loop bodies can reduce the power consumption of storage systems. For peripheral devices such as LCD, the power consumption can be reduced by using interrupt mode, low power mode of peripheral devices, and reducing quality of service. Finally, the effectiveness of these optimization methods is tested by three groups of experiments, and the experimental results are analyzed and evaluated. The results show that the average power consumption of the optimized lung sound signal processing system is reduced in different degrees in the working state, standby state and analogue user, thus achieving the goal of reducing the power consumption of the system.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN911.7;TP368.1

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本文編號：2240415