發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-31 17:29

  本文選題：深靜脈血栓　切入點(diǎn)：全麻　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：背景： 在人們對(duì)生活質(zhì)量的要求不斷提高的今天，醫(yī)學(xué)事業(yè)也發(fā)生了突飛猛進(jìn)的進(jìn)步和發(fā)展。很多創(chuàng)傷后、患有骨性關(guān)節(jié)炎或股骨頭壞死的老年人選擇了進(jìn)行人工髖關(guān)節(jié)置換來(lái)恢復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng)功能或者減輕疼痛。作為人工關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)后主要的并發(fā)癥之一——下肢深靜脈血栓(deep vein thrombosis, DVT)形成,不但影響患者的術(shù)后康復(fù),還可引發(fā)致死的肺栓塞。近年來(lái),隨著人工關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)在我國(guó)廣泛應(yīng)用,麻醉方式的選擇對(duì)深靜脈血栓形成的影響越來(lái)越受到國(guó)內(nèi)學(xué)者的關(guān)注。目的： 比較老年人在全麻與腰硬聯(lián)合麻醉下人工全膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)后深靜脈血栓形成的發(fā)生率。方法： 對(duì)2013年6月至2013年12月入院治療的符合入選標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的104例老年患者進(jìn)行比較分析。 將人工全膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)老年患者隨機(jī)分成2組。全麻組52例,腰硬聯(lián)合麻醉組52例，利用彩色多普勒超聲儀檢查術(shù)前及術(shù)后4～8天、術(shù)后16天患者深靜脈血栓的發(fā)生情況并進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)果： 共有20例發(fā)生下肢深靜脈血栓：全麻組16例，發(fā)生率為30.80%（16/52），腰硬聯(lián)合麻醉組4例，發(fā)生率為7.67%（4/52），深靜脈血栓發(fā)生率方面，全麻組高于腰硬聯(lián)合麻醉組，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P＜0.05）。結(jié)論： 對(duì)于術(shù)后深靜脈血栓這一并發(fā)癥而言，相比較于全身麻醉方式，腰硬聯(lián)合麻醉能夠有效降低其發(fā)生率。
[Abstract]:Background:. Today, when people's demands on the quality of life are constantly improving, the medical profession has also made rapid progress and development. After a lot of trauma, Elderly patients with osteoarthritis or osteonecrosis of the femoral head choose artificial hip replacement to restore motor function or relieve pain. In recent years, with the extensive application of artificial joint replacement in China, it can also cause fatal pulmonary embolism. The influence of the choice of anesthesia on deep venous thrombosis has been paid more and more attention by domestic scholars. To compare the incidence of deep vein thrombosis in the elderly after total knee arthroplasty under general anesthesia and combined spinal-epidural anesthesia. 104 elderly patients who were admitted to hospital from June 2013 to December 2013 were compared and analyzed. The elderly patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty were randomly divided into two groups: general anesthesia group (n = 52) and combined spinal-epidural anesthesia group (n = 52). The incidence of deep venous thrombosis was analyzed 16 days after operation. Results:. There were 20 cases of deep venous thrombosis in lower extremity: 16 cases in general anesthesia group, 4 cases in combined spinal-epidural anesthesia group, 4 cases in combined spinal-epidural anesthesia group. The incidence of deep vein thrombosis was higher in general anesthesia group than in combined spinal-epidural anesthesia group (P < 0.05). Compared with general anesthesia, combined spinal-epidural anesthesia can effectively reduce the incidence of postoperative deep venous thrombosis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：R614;R687.4

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