控制性降壓對(duì)脊柱手術(shù)血流動(dòng)力學(xué)及組織氧供氧耗的影響
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-01-28 02:29
本文關(guān)鍵詞: 控制性降壓 心排血量 氧供 氧耗 攝氧率 出處:《暨南大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文 論文類型:學(xué)位論文
【摘要】:目的:觀察麻醉藥物控制性降壓或血管活性藥物控制性降壓對(duì)脊柱手術(shù)患者血流動(dòng)力學(xué)及組織氧供氧耗的影響。 方法:選擇擇期擬行全身麻醉下脊柱手術(shù)患者40例,ASA分級(jí)Ⅰ-Ⅱ。隨機(jī)分為兩組:麻醉藥物降壓組(以瑞芬太尼為主調(diào)控血壓水平,簡(jiǎn)稱瑞芬太尼組,R組)和血管活性藥物組(以硝酸甘油為主調(diào)控血壓水平,簡(jiǎn)稱硝酸甘油組,,N組),每組20例。兩組均采用靜吸復(fù)合麻醉方法,所有患者采用芬太尼0.05-0.1mg/次維持鎮(zhèn)痛,術(shù)中調(diào)整七氟烷吸入濃度不超過2MAC維持BIS值在40-60,術(shù)中間斷給予順式阿曲庫銨。手術(shù)開始時(shí)行控制性降壓,N組以0.5μg kg-1min-1初始速度開始泵注硝酸甘油,R組以0.1μg kg-1min-1初始速度開始泵注瑞芬太尼,術(shù)中通過調(diào)整硝酸甘油和瑞芬太尼輸注速度將平均動(dòng)脈壓(MAP)維持在目標(biāo)范圍內(nèi),關(guān)閉手術(shù)切口時(shí)停止降壓。記錄降壓前10min(T1)、降壓后10min(T2)、30min(T3)、60min(T4)、90min(T5)、停止降壓后10min(T6)、30min(T7)的心率(HR)、收縮壓(SBP)、舒張壓(DBP)、平均動(dòng)脈壓(MAP)、脈搏氧飽和度(SpO2),呼吸末二氧化碳(PETCO2),同時(shí)采用Flotrac/Vigileo系統(tǒng)記錄心指數(shù)(CI)、每搏量指數(shù)(SVI)、外周血管阻力指數(shù)(SVRI),并于各時(shí)刻采集動(dòng)脈血行血?dú)夥治觯涗浗M織氧合指標(biāo),動(dòng)脈血氧分壓(PaO2)、動(dòng)脈血氧飽合度(SaO2)、混合靜脈血氧分壓(PvO2)及中心靜脈血氧飽和度(ScvO2),并計(jì)算氧供指數(shù)(DO2I)、氧耗指數(shù)(VO2I)及氧攝取率(O2ER)。在T1、T5、T7時(shí)刻行動(dòng)脈血?dú)夥治霾y(cè)定血乳酸(Lac)值。利用簡(jiǎn)易精神狀態(tài)量表(MMSE)于術(shù)前24h(T0)、術(shù)后24h(T8)及術(shù)后7d(T9)對(duì)患者認(rèn)知功能評(píng)分并記錄分值。記錄術(shù)中出血量、液體總?cè)肓亢湍蛄浚祲撼掷m(xù)時(shí)間和手術(shù)持續(xù)時(shí)間。術(shù)畢記錄患者自主呼吸恢復(fù)的時(shí)間,睜眼的時(shí)間,拔除氣管導(dǎo)管的時(shí)間;拔管后15min對(duì)兩組患者進(jìn)行VAS評(píng)分;觀察術(shù)后有無不良反應(yīng)情況。 結(jié)果:1.血流動(dòng)力學(xué)變化:兩組患者M(jìn)AP在降壓期間各時(shí)間點(diǎn)與降壓前T1相比,均顯著降低(P0.05);兩組組間相同時(shí)間點(diǎn)比較MAP無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P0.05)。降壓期間各時(shí)間點(diǎn)N組HR與降壓前T1相比顯著升高(P0.05),R組的HR顯著降低(P0.05);兩組組間降壓期間相同時(shí)間點(diǎn)對(duì)比N組HR顯著高于R組(P0.05)。R組降壓過程中CI下降,但無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P0.05),N組CI有所升高,無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P0.05);降壓期間N組CI高于R組相同時(shí)間點(diǎn)的CI(P0.05)。N組的SVI降壓期間明顯下降(P0.05),低于R組相同時(shí)間點(diǎn)的SVI(P0.05)。兩組在降壓期間SVRI均下降(P0.05);R組SVRI高于N組同時(shí)間點(diǎn)的SVRI(P0.05)。 2.機(jī)體氧供氧耗變化:N組在降壓期間各時(shí)間點(diǎn)PaO2明顯低于T1(P0.05),PaCO2比T1升高(P0.05);兩組間相同時(shí)間點(diǎn)相比,R組降壓期間PaO2高于N組(P0.05),PaCO2低于N組(P0.05)。兩組降壓期間各時(shí)間點(diǎn)CaO2和CvO2均比T1下降(P0.05);兩組間CaO2和CvO2相比無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P0.05)。兩組組內(nèi)在降壓期間和停止降壓后各時(shí)間點(diǎn)ScvO2與降壓前T1相比,差異均無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05);兩組間同時(shí)間點(diǎn)ScvO2比較無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P0.05)。兩組降壓期間DO2I和VO2I均下降(P0.05);N組DO2I和VO2I在降壓過程中高于R組相同時(shí)間點(diǎn)的DO2I和VO2I,但無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P0.05)。兩組降壓中各時(shí)間點(diǎn)O2ER與T1相比有升高趨勢(shì),但無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P0.05);組間同時(shí)間點(diǎn)O2ER相比差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。 3.生化指標(biāo):兩組組間相同時(shí)間點(diǎn)及組內(nèi)各時(shí)間點(diǎn)乳酸均無顯著性差異(P0.05)。 4.術(shù)野評(píng)分和出血量:R組的術(shù)野Fromme評(píng)分低于N組(P0.05),R組的出血量(435.05±37.13ml)少于N組(473.90±30.25ml)(P0.05)。 5.麻醉恢復(fù)情況:兩組組間R組麻醉恢復(fù)期間呼吸時(shí)間、睜眼時(shí)間和拔管時(shí)間均明顯短于N組(P0.05);兩組組內(nèi)術(shù)后24h(T8)MMSE評(píng)分均低于術(shù)前24h(T0)(P0.05),術(shù)后7d(T9)MMSE評(píng)分與T0相比無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。兩組間MMSE評(píng)分無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P0.05)。N組拔管后15minVAS評(píng)分低于R組(P0.05),但兩組VAS評(píng)分均未超過5分。 結(jié)論:1麻醉藥物降壓或血管活性藥物降壓在脊柱手術(shù)控制性降壓期間,血流動(dòng)力學(xué)指標(biāo)均發(fā)生波動(dòng),但能夠維持組織器官灌注及氧供氧耗的平衡。 2麻醉藥物降壓或血管活性藥物降壓用于脊柱手術(shù)均能夠達(dá)到目標(biāo)血壓水平,但瑞芬太尼麻醉藥物降壓出血量降低,術(shù)野清晰度更佳。 3麻醉藥物降壓或血管活性藥物降壓用于脊柱手術(shù)控制性降壓無不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生,未增加術(shù)后認(rèn)知功能障礙的發(fā)生風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
[Abstract]:Objective: To observe the effect of controlled hypotension or vasoactive drug controlled hypotension on hemodynamics and oxygen supply of tissue oxygen in patients with spinal surgery.
Methods: undergoing spinal surgery under general anesthesia in 40 cases, ASA grade I-II were randomly divided into two groups: anesthesia group (remifentanil based antihypertensive medication to control blood pressure levels, referred to as the remifentanil group, R group) and nitroglycerin (group of vasoactive drugs to control blood pressure level tone, referred to as nitroglycerin group, N group), 20 cases in each group. Two groups were treated with intravenous inhalational anesthesia, all patients were treated with fentanyl 0.05-0.1mg/ maintain analgesia, adjust seven isoflurane inhalation concentration of not more than 2MAC BIS was maintained in 40-60 patients, was given off cisatracurium. Operation controlled hypotension was, N group start pumping nitroglycerin with 0.5 G kg-1min-1 initial velocity, group R remifentanil 0.1 g kg-1min-1 with the initial velocity, intraoperative injection rate will mean arterial pressure by adjusting the infusion of nitroglycerin and remifentanil (MAP) maintained in the target range 鍥村唴,鍏抽棴鎵嬫湳鍒囧彛鏃跺仠姝㈤檷鍘
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