發(fā)布時間：2019-06-03 09:34

【摘要】： 目的:利用亞慢性動物實驗觀察脫氧雪腐鐮刀菌烯醇(DON)、N-亞硝基化合物(NOC)對實驗動物的致病作用,主要觀察對動物消化系統(tǒng)的影響,探討DON、NOC對實驗動物食管、胃、肝臟、直腸組織急慢性損傷及其潛在的致癌作用,為消化系統(tǒng)腫瘤的病因預(yù)防提供理論依據(jù)。 方法:以斷乳7日的小鼠為實驗對象,雌雄各半,隨機(jī)分為四組,每組32只,其中DON組染毒劑量為DON 0.5mg/kg/次,NOC組染毒劑量為NOC 0.25mg/kg/次,DON+ NOC組染毒劑量為DON0.5mg/kg/次+NOC0.25mg/kg/次,染毒方式為隔日灌胃,對照組用等體積生理鹽水灌胃。實驗周期滿60日后處死小鼠,取小鼠食管、胃、肝臟、直腸組織制作HE切片,觀察各實驗組、對照組食管、胃、肝臟、直腸組織癌前病變、急慢性損傷。此外,對泰安地區(qū)糧食樣品中DON進(jìn)行抽樣檢測,觀察DON含量與腫瘤關(guān)系。利用SAS9.0統(tǒng)計軟件對數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行處理、分析。 結(jié)果: 1.對食管組織的影響:實驗組出現(xiàn)了乳頭延長、上皮乳頭狀增生、上皮細(xì)胞空泡化、上皮增生角化不全改變,陽性率分別為:34.04%、8.51%、8.51%、20.21%;其中DON+NOC實驗組乳頭延長、上皮乳頭狀增生、上皮增生角化不全改變陽性率較高,分別為:50.00%、15.63%、25.00%;DON組乳頭延長陽性率較高,為32.26%;NOC組乳頭延長、上皮增生角化不全改變陽性率較高,分別為:19.35%、25.81%,對照組未出現(xiàn)上述改變。實驗組乳頭延長、上皮增生角化不全改變與對照組進(jìn)行χ2檢驗,有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05)。 2.對胃組織的影響:實驗組胃出現(xiàn)息肉形成趨勢、腺體輕度異型、深層上皮輕度異型、黏膜上皮壞死、腺體壞死、上皮增生、脈管擴(kuò)張等組織學(xué)改變,陽性率分別為:31.91%、29.79%、42.55%、40.43%、52.13%、13.83%、9.57%;其中DON+NOC實驗組息肉形成趨勢、深層上皮輕度異型、黏膜上皮壞死陽性率高,分別為:46.88%、62.50%、59.38%;DON組息肉形成趨勢、腺體輕度異型、腺體壞死和黏膜上皮壞死陽性率較高,分別為:22.58%、29.03%、25.81%和45.16%;NOC組深層上皮輕度異型、黏膜上皮壞死和腺體壞死陽性率較高,分別為:38.71%、51.61%和52.61%;各組均有炎癥性改變。實驗組小鼠出現(xiàn)的胃息肉形成趨勢、胃腺體輕度異型、深層上皮輕度異型、腺體壞死和黏膜上皮壞死改變與對照組進(jìn)行χ2檢驗,有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05),DON+NOC組與DON組的深層上皮輕度異型出現(xiàn)率進(jìn)行四格表χ2檢驗,有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.007)。 3.對肝臟組織的影響:實驗組肝臟出現(xiàn)大片壞死、大片脂肪變性、小片脂肪變性、灶性壞死、嗜酸性變、小灶區(qū)異型、炎細(xì)胞浸潤、雙核肝細(xì)胞、脈管擴(kuò)張病變,陽性率分別為:7.45%、39.36%、22.34%、13.83%、17.02%、17.02%、76.60%、50.00%、31.91%;其中DON+NOC組組織大片壞死、大片脂肪變性、灶性壞死、雙核肝細(xì)胞和灶區(qū)異型陽性率高,分別為:21.88%、65.63%、28.13%、25.00%和25.00%;DON組大片脂肪變性和小灶區(qū)異型陽性率較高,分別為:22.58%和25.81%;NOC組大片脂肪變性和脈管擴(kuò)張陽性率較高,分別為:29.03%和25.58%;對照組肝臟組織出現(xiàn)了脈管擴(kuò)張、小片脂肪變性、炎細(xì)胞浸潤、嗜酸性變改變,陽性率分別為:6.25%、75.00%、45.45%、33.33%。實驗組肝臟出現(xiàn)大片壞死、大片脂肪變性、灶性壞死、小灶區(qū)異型、雙核肝細(xì)胞、脈管擴(kuò)張各病變與對照組進(jìn)行χ2檢驗,均有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05),DON+NOC組分別與DON組、NOC組出現(xiàn)的大片脂肪變性進(jìn)行四格表χ2檢驗,有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.007)。 4.對直腸組織的影響:實驗組出現(xiàn)腺體輕度異型、黏膜上皮壞死、固有膜炎細(xì)胞、黏膜水腫、腺體結(jié)構(gòu)紊亂、淋巴濾泡形成、嗜酸粒細(xì)胞等改變,陽性率分別為:40.43%、43.62%、79.79%、58.51%、14.89%、8.51%、23.40%;其中DON+NOC組腺體輕度異型、黏膜上皮壞死和腺體結(jié)構(gòu)紊亂陽性率高,分別為:71.88%、46.88%和18.75%;DON組腺體輕度異型、黏膜上皮壞死陽性率較高,分別為:29.03%、32.26%;NOC組腺體輕度異型、黏膜上皮壞死和腺體結(jié)構(gòu)紊亂陽性率較高,分別為:19.35%、51.61%和16.13%;對照組組織出現(xiàn)了炎癥水腫、淋巴濾泡和嗜酸粒細(xì)胞浸潤改變,陽性率分別為:25.00%、3.13%、3.13%。實驗組小鼠直腸組織出現(xiàn)腺體輕度異型、黏膜上皮壞死脫落、腺體結(jié)構(gòu)紊亂、嗜酸粒細(xì)胞、固有膜炎細(xì)胞改變與對照組進(jìn)行χ2檢驗,有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05),DON+NOC組分別與DON組、NOC組出現(xiàn)的直腸腺體輕度異型進(jìn)行四格表χ2檢驗,有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.007)。 5.泰安市食管癌高發(fā)區(qū)小麥面、玉米面樣品中DON含量與低發(fā)區(qū)進(jìn)行t檢驗,有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(p0.05)。 結(jié)論: 1.DON可誘發(fā)消化系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)組織壞死、炎性水腫、大片脂肪變性等急慢性病理損傷和息肉形成趨勢、腺體上皮異型增生等癌前病變。 2.NOC可引起實驗動物出現(xiàn)組織壞死、水腫變性、脂肪變性等急慢性病理損傷和息肉形成趨勢、腺體上皮輕度異型、食管乳頭延長等癌前病變。 3.DON+NOC組實驗動物出現(xiàn)消化系統(tǒng)組織壞死、脂肪變性、炎性水腫等急慢性病理損傷,導(dǎo)致息肉形成趨勢和腺體、上皮異型增生等癌前病變,且病變程度強(qiáng)于DON、NOC單獨(dú)作用。 4.泰安地區(qū)食管癌高發(fā)區(qū)糧食樣品中DON含量高于低發(fā)區(qū)。 5.實驗結(jié)果表明:DON、NOC對消化系統(tǒng)具有明顯的損傷,同時具有潛在的致癌效應(yīng),且二者間存在協(xié)同作用。
[Abstract]:Objective: To observe the effect of deoxynivalenol (DON) and N-nitroso compound (NOC) on the animal's digestive system by subchronic animal experiment, and to observe the effect of DON and NOC on the experimental animal's esophagus, stomach and liver. Rectal tissue has acute and chronic injury and its potential carcinogenic effect, and provides a theoretical basis for the prevention of the cause of the digestive system tumor. Methods: The experimental subjects were divided into four groups, each group of 32 rats were divided into four groups. The dosage of DON group was DON 0.5 mg/ kg/ day, and the exposure dose of the NOC group was about 0.25 mg/ kg/ day, and the exposure dose of DON + NOC group was DON0.5 mg/ kg/ time + NOC0.25 mg/ kg/ day, and the exposure mode was the next day. Gavage, control group, and other volume of physiological saline The mice were sacrificed at 60 days after the experiment. The HE sections were made from the esophagus, the stomach, the liver and the rectum of the mice. The experimental groups, the control group, the esophagus, the stomach, the liver, the rectum, the precancerous lesions, and the acute and chronic diseases were observed. Damage. In addition, DON was sampled and tested in the food samples in the Taian area to observe the DON content and the tumor. the data is processed by using the SAS9.0 statistical software, Analysis. Results:1. The effect of 1.1 on the tissue of the esophagus: The experimental group showed the changes of the papilla, the hyperplasia of the epithelium, the vacuolation of the epithelial cells, and the hyperkeratosis of the epithelium. The positive rate was 34.04%, 8.51%, 8.51% and 20.21%, respectively. The positive rate of nipple extension, epithelial papillary hyperplasia and epithelial hyperplasia of the experimental group was 50.00%, 15.63% and 25.00%, respectively. The positive rate of nipple extension in the DON group was higher, which was 32.26%. The papilla of the NOC group was prolonged, and the positive rate of the epithelial hyperplasia was higher, respectively: 19.35 %, 25.81%, control The above-mentioned changes were not observed in the group. In the experimental group, the nipple extension and the changes of the epithelial hyperplasia and the control group were compared with the control group. (P0.05).2. The effect of the gastric tissue: the tendency of the formation of the polyp in the stomach of the experimental group, the slight dysplasia of the gland, the mild dysplasia of the deep epithelium, the epithelial necrosis of the mucous membrane, the necrosis of the gland, the hyperplasia of the epithelium, the expansion of the vessel, etc. The positive rate was 31.91%, 29.79%, 42.55%,40, respectively. 43%, 52.13%, 13.83%, 9.57%, among which, the positive rate of polypus in the experimental group of DON + NOC was 46.88%, 62.50% and 59.38%, respectively. The positive rate of necrosis was: 22.58%, 29.03%, 25.81% and 45.16%, respectively. The positive rate of the deep epithelium of the NOC group was higher than that of the epithelial necrosis and the glandular necrosis. The positive rate was 38.71%, 51.61% and 52.61, respectively. %; there were inflammatory changes in each group. The tendency of the formation of the gastric polyps in the experimental group, the mild dysplasia of the stomach gland, the mild dysplasia of the deep epithelium, the change of the glandular necrosis and the change of the epithelial necrosis of the mucous membrane were carried out in the control group. The occurrence rate of deep epithelium of DON + NOC and DON group was examined by four-grid-2 test, and the statistical significance was statistically significant (P0.05). Study significance (P.007).3. The effect of liver tissue: a large area of necrosis in the liver of the experimental group, large amount of fat degeneration, small die-fat degeneration, focal necrosis, eosinophilic transformation, small-range heterotype, inflammatory cell infiltration, dual-core liver cell and vascular expansion, the positive rate was 7.45%, respectively. , 39.36%, 22.34%, 13.83%, 17.02%, 17.02%, 76.60%, 50.00%, 31.91%, among which, large areas of necrosis, large area of fat degeneration, focal necrosis, dual-core liver and range were high in DON + NOC group, respectively: 21.88%, 65.63%, 28.13%, respectively. 25.00% and 25.00% in DON group. The positive rate of heterotypic positive rate in large area of DON group was 22.58% and 25.81%, respectively. The positive rate of large amount of fat degeneration and vessel expansion in the NOC group was 29.03% and 25.58%, respectively. The positive rate was 6.25% and 75.00%, respectively. 45.45%, 33.33%. The liver of the experimental group had a large area of necrosis, large area of fat degeneration, focal necrosis, small-range special-shaped, dual-core liver cell, vessel-expanding each lesion and the control group for 2-test, all had statistical significance (P0.05), D. and the on + noc group is respectively connected with the don group and a large amount of fat denaturation which occurs in the noc group is subjected to a four-cell table-2 test, There was a statistical significance (P.007).4. The effect of the rectum on the rectal tissue: the experimental group had the changes of the gland, the epithelial necrosis of the mucous membrane, the intrinsic mucositis, the edema of the mucous membrane, the disorder of the gland, the formation of the lymphoid follicle, the eosinophil, etc. The positive rate was 40.43%, 43.62%, 79.79%,58, respectively. 5.51%, 14.89%, 8.51%, 23.40%, among which, the positive rate of the gland in the gland of the DON + NOC group was 71.88%, 46.88% and 18.75%, respectively, and the positive rate of the mucosal epithelia was higher in the DON group and 29.03%, respectively. The positive rates of inflammatory edema, lymphoid follicles and eosinophil infiltration in the control group were 2.26%, 51.61% and 16.13%, respectively. In the experimental group, the rectal tissues of the experimental group had a slight abnormal gland, the epithelial necrosis of the mucous membrane, the disorder of the glandular structure, the eosinophil, the change of the intrinsic mucositis and the control group, and there was a statistical significance (P0.05). ), the DON + NOC group and the DON group and the NOCs group had a four-cell table of the mild dysplasia of the rectal gland, which was found in the NOC group. The content of DON and the low-yield of the wheat flour and the corn flour in the high-hair region of the esophageal cancer in Taian 'an city were statistically significant (P.007). area Conclusion:1. DON can induce tissue necrosis, inflammatory edema and large amount of fat degeneration in the digestive system. 2. NOC can cause acute and chronic pathological changes such as tissue necrosis, edema, and fatty degeneration in the experimental animals. 3. The experimental animals of the DON + NOC group showed acute and chronic pathological changes of the digestive system, such as the necrosis of the digestive system, the degeneration of the fat, and the inflammatory edema, leading to the tendency of the polyp to form and the gland. Precancerous lesions such as body and epithelial dysplasia, and the degree of lesion is stronger than DON, NOC 4. The DON content in the high-hair region of the esophageal cancer in the Taian region was higher than that of the low-yield region.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：泰山醫(yī)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：R181.3

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2 馬璐琳;普通小麥品種望水白中DON誘導(dǎo)上調(diào)表達(dá)UDP-葡萄糖基轉(zhuǎn)移酶基因的克隆及功能分析[D];南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2009年

3 閆海霞;小麥赤霉病菌DON毒素及其降解基因Tri101的克隆和遺傳轉(zhuǎn)化研究[D];內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2010年

4 樊平聲;禾谷鐮刀菌多菌靈抗藥性群體演變及DON毒素產(chǎn)生規(guī)律研究[D];南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2008年

5 涂追;基于單域重鏈抗體的天然噬菌體文庫的構(gòu)建及抗DON適配體的淘選[D];南昌大學(xué);2010年

6 王亞超;霉菌毒素DON、ZEA及其聯(lián)合染毒對體外培養(yǎng)雞脾臟淋巴細(xì)胞凋亡的分子機(jī)制研究[D];四川農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2012年

7 張艷軍;殺菌劑對禾谷鐮孢菌DON毒素產(chǎn)生和小麥衰老生理的影響[D];南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2009年

8 尚毅;DON誘導(dǎo)的小麥TaPDR1基因的克隆和特征分析以及二穗短柄草多倍體中PDR1基因的系統(tǒng)進(jìn)化[D];南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2009年

9 周干民;NoC基礎(chǔ)研究[D];合肥工業(yè)大學(xué);2005年

10 楊巍;脫氧雪腐鐮刀菌烯醇對人外周血淋巴細(xì)胞的遺傳毒性研究[D];華中科技大學(xué);2012年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前10條

1 于洋;小麥及其加工產(chǎn)物中DON毒素的研究[D];西南大學(xué);2010年

2 陳飛;加工工藝去除小麥中脫氧雪腐鐮刀菌烯醇（DON）的研究[D];中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院;2012年

3 烏耀益;基于NoC的軟錯誤點(diǎn)到點(diǎn)容錯機(jī)制及面向可靠性的應(yīng)用映射算法研究[D];上海交通大學(xué);2011年

4 陳龍明;DON與NOC致病作用的實驗流行病學(xué)研究[D];泰山醫(yī)學(xué)院;2008年

5 鄒程焓;肉與肉制品中脫氧雪腐鐮刀菌烯醇的檢測及降解研究[D];西南大學(xué);2011年

6 李金平;DON致大骨節(jié)病發(fā)病機(jī)制研究[D];泰山醫(yī)學(xué)院;2011年

7 孟銳;鐮刀菌毒素DON、ZEA及其聯(lián)合染毒對小鼠腸道功能損傷的研究[D];四川農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2012年

8 邢錦城;禾谷鐮刀菌致病相關(guān)基因的鑒定及其毒素DON特異親和肽段的淘選[D];南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2010年

9 楊靜;片上網(wǎng)絡(luò)（NoC）的互連串?dāng)_測試方法研究[D];電子科技大學(xué);2011年

10 任鵬帥;基于NoC模擬器的片上網(wǎng)絡(luò)的性能研究[D];復(fù)旦大學(xué);2012年

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