【摘要】： 目地：分析某市2004-2008年麻疹流行的基本特征、防治效果及發(fā)病規(guī)律,探討影響麻疹發(fā)病的主要因素,為制定2012年消除麻疹策略提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。 方法：利用《疾病監(jiān)測信息報(bào)告管理系統(tǒng)》(DRS)與《麻疹專報(bào)系統(tǒng)》(MSS)收集的某市2004-2008年的麻疹資料,比較兩系統(tǒng)的敏感性和資料的可靠性；利用《麻疹專報(bào)系統(tǒng)》(MSS系統(tǒng))收集的麻疹資料,用Excel2003和SPSS13.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件,對麻疹發(fā)病資料用圓形分布法分析發(fā)病的高峰日和高峰期、并用Rayleigh法進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)；用x2檢驗(yàn)分析某市2004-2008年麻疹發(fā)病的時(shí)間、人群和地區(qū)分布特點(diǎn)；用Logistic回歸分析影響麻疹發(fā)病的主要影響因素。 結(jié)果：《麻疹專報(bào)系統(tǒng)》相對《疾病監(jiān)測信息報(bào)告管理系統(tǒng)》而言具有較高的敏感性。2004-2008年麻疹年平均發(fā)病率7.18／10萬,2008年為10.36／10萬。2004-2008年麻疹發(fā)病高峰時(shí)間為3月-7月,報(bào)告病例數(shù)約占總病例數(shù)的82.44%；15歲以下兒童發(fā)病占總病例數(shù)的85.13%；發(fā)病地區(qū)分布,城市(19.6／10萬)高于農(nóng)村(3.38／10萬)。在2004-2008年全部麻疹病例中,有免疫史的占45.59%。流動(dòng)人口中的麻疹發(fā)病率為44.47／10萬,高于全人群的麻疹發(fā)病率；流動(dòng)人口主要分布在蘆淞、荷塘、石峰等幾個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)較發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū),流動(dòng)人口麻疹病例中有免疫史的占全部流動(dòng)人口病例的38.43%(103／268),低于本地病例中有免疫史者的比例(47.38%)；麻疹發(fā)病危險(xiǎn)因素分別為居住城區(qū)、男性、流動(dòng)人口和無免疫史(P0.05)。 結(jié)論：某市2004-2008年麻疹發(fā)病時(shí)間呈現(xiàn)明顯的季節(jié)性；發(fā)病年齡以15歲以下兒童為主,8月齡病例所占比例有逐年增加趨勢；城市發(fā)病率高于農(nóng)村；流動(dòng)人口發(fā)病率高于全人群發(fā)病率,流動(dòng)人口主要集中在城區(qū)。居住城區(qū)、男性、流動(dòng)人口、無免疫史為麻疹發(fā)病的主要危險(xiǎn)因素。
[Abstract]:Objective: to analyze the basic characteristics, control effect and incidence law of measles epidemic in a city from 2004 to 2008, and to explore the main factors affecting measles incidence, so as to provide scientific basis for the formulation of measles elimination strategy in 2012. Methods: the sensitivity and reliability of the two systems were compared by using the measles data collected from 2004 to 2008 in a city by using the Disease Surveillance Information reporting Management system (DRS) and the measles Special report system (MSS). Using the measles data collected by the measles Special report system (MSS system) and Excel2003 and SPSS13.0 statistical software, the peak day and peak period of measles incidence were analyzed by circular distribution method, and tested by Rayleigh method. The incidence time, population and regional distribution characteristics of measles in a city from 2004 to 2008 were analyzed by x2 test, and the main influencing factors of measles incidence were analyzed by Logistic regression analysis. Results: the measles special reporting system was highly sensitive to the disease surveillance information reporting management system. The average annual incidence of measles from 2004 to 2008 was 7.18 / 100000. In 2008, it was 10.36 / 100000. The peak time of measles incidence from 2004 to 2008 was from March to July, and the number of reported cases accounted for 82.44% of the total number of cases. The incidence of children under 15 years old accounted for 85.13% of the total cases, and the distribution of cases in urban areas (19.6 / 100000) was higher than that in rural areas (3.38 / 100000). Among all measles cases from 2004 to 2008, 45.59% had a history of immunization. The incidence of measles in floating population was 44.47 / 100000, which was higher than that in the whole population. The floating population is mainly distributed in Lusong, Hetang, Shifeng and other economically developed areas. 38.43% (103 / 268) of the floating population have immunization history in measles cases. Lower than the proportion of local cases with immunization history (47.38%); The risk factors of measles were urban area, male, floating population and non-immune history (P 0.05). Conclusion: the incidence time of measles in a city from 2004 to 2008 is obviously seasonal, the onset age is mainly children under 15 years old, the proportion of cases aged 8 months has an increasing trend year by year, the incidence rate in urban areas is higher than that in rural areas, and the incidence rate in urban areas is higher than that in rural areas. The incidence of floating population is higher than that of the whole population, and the floating population is mainly concentrated in urban areas. Living in urban areas, male, floating population, no history of immunization is the main risk factors for measles.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號(hào)】：R511.1;R181.3

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