發(fā)布時間：2019-03-27 14:50

【摘要】：目的了解腸道病毒71型(EV71)疫苗接種行為及其與接種意愿差異的影響因素,以更好地發(fā)揮該疫苗的作用。方法在廣東省廣州市海珠區(qū)選取5個街道,于2016年6月在各街道接種門診共選取1 483名6~35月齡兒童家長進(jìn)行基線調(diào)查,其中1 113名于EV71疫苗投入使用約4個月后完成了隨訪調(diào)查,分析疫苗接種及其與接種意愿差異的影響因素。結(jié)果基線調(diào)查、隨訪調(diào)查的愿意接種率分別為81.39%、83.47%;1 113名隨訪調(diào)查者EV71疫苗接種率為67.30%,與接種意愿差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(χ~2=78.433,P=0.000)。家長認(rèn)為疫苗安全或不清楚是否安全、認(rèn)為疫苗可以≥70%或不確定多大概率預(yù)防手足口病以及聽從接種醫(yī)生的安排或建議是家長讓兒童接種EV71疫苗的有利因素(P0.05);而兒童有手足口病史、較清楚EV71病毒與手足口病關(guān)系的家長則傾向于不讓兒童接種EV71疫苗(P0.05)。對愿意接種者而言,認(rèn)為疫苗安全或不清楚是否安全(OR_(很安全vs不安全)=5.264,OR_(一般vs不安全)=3.757,OR_(不清楚vs不安全)=1.582)是促使其將意愿轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閷嶋H接種的因素,而認(rèn)為疫苗價格較貴(OR_(貴vs便宜)=0.543)、較清楚EV71病毒與手足口病關(guān)系(OR_(清楚vs不清楚)=0.544,OR_(部分清楚vs不清楚)=0.731)則是阻礙其將意愿付諸行動的因素;對不愿接種者而言,聽從接種醫(yī)生的安排或建議(OR_(很大程度vs很小程度)=3.074,OR_(一般程度vs很小程度)=1.836)以及受朋友等其他人的影響較大(OR_(很大程度vs很小程度)=2.445)是促使其意愿轉(zhuǎn)變并最終接種疫苗的因素,而清楚EV71病毒與手足口病關(guān)系(OR_(清楚vs不清楚)=0.416)則是使其堅持意愿不接種疫苗的因素。結(jié)論家長對EV71疫苗效果、安全性及EV71病毒與手足口病關(guān)系的認(rèn)識以及接種醫(yī)生的安排或建議是影響EV71疫苗接種的重要因素。
[Abstract]:Aim to understand the vaccination behavior of enterovirus 71 (EV71) vaccine and the influencing factors of the difference between enterovirus 71 vaccine and vaccination intention, so as to give full play to the effect of the vaccine. Methods five streets were selected in Haizhu District of Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, and a total of 1 483 parents of 6-35-month-old children were selected from different street vaccination clinics in June 2016 for baseline survey. 1 113 of them were followed up about 4 months after the EV71 vaccine was put into use, and the influencing factors of vaccine vaccination and the difference between vaccination intention and vaccination intention were analyzed. Results in the baseline survey, the coverage rate of EV71 vaccine was 81.39%, 83.47% and 67.30% in the follow-up survey, respectively. There was a significant difference between the two groups (蠂 ~ 2, 78.43, P < 0.000). Parents think the vaccine is safe or not, believe that the vaccine can be 鈮，

本文編號：2448280