【摘要】：目的:了解吉林省西部牧區(qū)養(yǎng)殖羊戶家庭中小學生對布魯氏菌病(簡稱布病)防治知識的知曉及行為習慣現(xiàn)狀,為牧區(qū)學校開展布病健康教育提供依據(jù)。方法:采用多階段抽樣方法,抽取吉林省松原市前郭縣養(yǎng)殖羊戶集中的2個鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)(烏蘭塔拉鄉(xiāng)和查干花鎮(zhèn))的中小學校,抽取近1年家庭養(yǎng)羊的在校學生209人,以面對面訪談方式進行問卷調查。結果:206人中有105人(50.97%)聽說過布病,布病防治知識的得分中位數(shù)(四分位數(shù)間距)為8.00(6.00,9.00)分,合格率為28.64%;合格率有隨年齡增高呈上升的趨勢(χ2=28.80,P=0.00)。了解布病途徑主要通過村醫(yī)和熟人介紹的為72人(34.95%),通過學校健康教育獲得的為11人(5.34%)。206人中有104人與羊有過接觸,接觸率為50.49%;8種與羊接觸的方式和接觸率分別為幫忙喂食21.84%(62/206)、抱羊羔接觸16.50%(58/206)、幫忙打掃羊圈衛(wèi)生8.73%(26/206)、接種疫苗5.34%(17/206)、幫忙擠奶2.91%(6/206)、處理羊流產物2.91%(6/206)、屠宰2.42%(5/206)和接生1.94%(4/206);布病防治知識知曉合格學生和不合格學生比較,幫忙喂食學生采取基本防護的防護率前者高于后者(P=0.03);其他接觸行為,采取基本防護的防護率比較差異無統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.05)。結論:吉林省西部牧區(qū)養(yǎng)殖羊戶家庭學生對布病防治知識知曉率普遍偏低,存在與羊接觸的高危行為習慣,且基本防護率較低。應加強牧區(qū)在校學生布病防治知識健康教育,提高防病意識,降低感染風險。
[Abstract]:Objective: to understand the knowledge of brucellosis (brucellosis) among primary and middle school students in sheep households in western pastoral area of Jilin province and to provide evidence for health education of brucellosis in pastoral schools. Methods: a multi-stage sampling method was used to select two primary and secondary schools in Qianguo County, Songyuan City, Jilin Province, in which sheep farmers were concentrated (Wu Lan Tara Township and Chagan Hua Town), and 209 students who had been raising sheep in their families for nearly one year were selected. The questionnaire was conducted by face-to-face interview. Results: 105 (50.97%) of 206 people had heard of brucellosis. The median score of knowledge of prevention and control of brucellosis was 8.00 (6.00 ~ 9.00), and the qualified rate was 28.64. The qualified rate increased with age (蠂 ~ 2 ~ 2 ~ (28.80) P ~ (0.00). 72 people (34.95%) were introduced by village doctors and acquaintances, and 11 (5.34%) by school health education. 104 of 206 people had contact with sheep, the contact rate was 50.49%. The eight ways of contact with sheep and the contact rate were 21.84% (62 / 206), 16.50% (58 / 206), 8.73% (26 / 206), 5.34% (17 / 206), respectively. 2.91% (6 / 206) of milking, 2.91% (6 / 206) of sheep abortion, 2.42% (5 / 206) of slaughtering and 1.94% (4 / 206) of delivery; Compared with the unqualified students, the rate of prevention and cure of brucellosis was higher in the former than in the latter (P0. 03). There was no significant difference in other contact behaviors between the two groups (P0.05). Conclusion: the awareness rate of knowledge on prevention and control of brucellosis is generally low among the students of sheep households in western pastoral areas of Jilin Province. The high risk behavior habit of contact with sheep is existed and the basic prevention rate is low. It is necessary to strengthen the knowledge and health education on prevention and cure of cloth disease among students in pastoral areas, to raise the awareness of disease prevention and to reduce the risk of infection.
【作者單位】： 吉林大學公共衛(wèi)生學院流行病與衛(wèi)生統(tǒng)計學教研室;前郭爾羅斯蒙古族自治縣疾病預防控制中心地方病防治科;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金青年基金資助課題(81102163)
【分類號】：R184

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