華西與華北兩地戊型肝炎病毒在豬及人群中的流行病學(xué)調(diào)查研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-25 14:23
【摘要】： 戊型肝炎(HE)是發(fā)展中國(guó)家急性肝炎的主要病原體之一,目前已被世界衛(wèi)生組織(WHO)認(rèn)為是發(fā)展中國(guó)家的一個(gè)重要公共衛(wèi)生問(wèn)題。戊肝病毒(HEV)感染為人獸共患病,其傳播途徑主要經(jīng)糞—口傳播,病毒通過(guò)水或食物侵入體內(nèi),在肝臟中大量繁殖后與膽汁一起流入腸道,再與糞便混合后排除。常常會(huì)通過(guò)食用被HEV污染的食物或與HEV攜帶者密切接觸而感染,當(dāng)水源被含有HEV的糞便污染后會(huì)引起大規(guī)模暴發(fā)傳播。中國(guó)對(duì)戊型肝炎的流行中傳染源和傳播途徑等還缺少科學(xué)、全面的認(rèn)識(shí)。豬是否是中國(guó)戊型肝炎病毒的主要傳染源;爆發(fā)戊型肝炎事件中環(huán)境因素(如水)的作用等許多問(wèn)題有待細(xì)致深入調(diào)查研究。 本研究擬結(jié)合中國(guó)環(huán)境特點(diǎn)對(duì)戊型肝炎的傳染源、傳播途徑特點(diǎn),一方面對(duì)2006～2007年華西某地區(qū)和華北某地區(qū)戊型肝炎監(jiān)測(cè)站點(diǎn)進(jìn)行橫斷面血清流行病學(xué)調(diào)查時(shí)收集的1464份人血清標(biāo)本進(jìn)行了戊型肝炎病毒感染的血清學(xué)研究;另一方面對(duì)華西地區(qū)和華北地區(qū)商品肉豬的323份血清樣本、218份糞便樣本和410份膽汁樣本進(jìn)行豬戊型肝炎病毒感染情況研究。 試驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示:華西地區(qū)抽樣人群血清中抗-HEV抗體陽(yáng)性率為45.05%,其中男性人群中血清抗-HEV抗體陽(yáng)性率為48.38%,女性人群血清中抗-HEV抗體陽(yáng)性率為38.32%;年老人群(50歲)血清中抗-HEV抗體陽(yáng)性率為65.74%,年輕人群(25歲)血清中抗-HEV抗體陽(yáng)性率為26.27%。華北地區(qū)抽樣人群血清中抗-HEV抗體陽(yáng)性率為27.2%,其中男性人群血清中抗-HEV抗體陽(yáng)性率為30.21%,女性人群血清中抗-HEV抗體陽(yáng)性率為20.60%;年老人群(50歲)血清中抗-HEV抗體陽(yáng)性率為30.77%,年輕人群(25歲)血清中抗-HEV抗體陽(yáng)性率為17.58%。 結(jié)果表明華西地區(qū)人血清中抗-HEV抗體陽(yáng)性率高于華北地區(qū),兩地區(qū)男性抗-HEV抗體陽(yáng)性率均高于女性,而且隨著人年齡增高抗-HVE抗體檢測(cè)陽(yáng)性率也有所增長(zhǎng),說(shuō)明人群暴露在HEV陽(yáng)性環(huán)境時(shí)間越長(zhǎng)感染機(jī)率越高。同時(shí),通過(guò)對(duì)兩地區(qū)豬的血液、糞便和膽汁進(jìn)行對(duì)比試驗(yàn),發(fā)現(xiàn)兩地區(qū)的飼養(yǎng)的部分商品肉豬都曾被HEV感染。華西地區(qū)商品肉豬血清中抗-HEV抗體陽(yáng)性率為78%,華北地區(qū)商品肉豬血清中抗-HEV抗體陽(yáng)性率為25%;華西地區(qū)商品肉豬膽汁中抗-HEV抗體陽(yáng)性率為70%,華北地區(qū)商品肉豬中抗-HEV抗體陽(yáng)性率為22%;但兩地區(qū)內(nèi)6月齡的生豬糞便中均沒(méi)有檢測(cè)出HEV,可能是由于采集糞便的方式及采集時(shí)間非排毒期有關(guān),但以上結(jié)果完全可以表明華西地區(qū)商品肉豬的抗-HEV抗體陽(yáng)性率明顯高于華北地區(qū),這可能與兩地區(qū)的地理環(huán)境、氣候差異、養(yǎng)殖條件和衛(wèi)生狀況等因素有關(guān)。 本研究通過(guò)對(duì)華西和華北兩地區(qū)內(nèi)商品肉豬的HEV感染情況研究,了解兩地HEV感染的規(guī)律和特點(diǎn),探討兩地區(qū)人群和商品肉豬感染HEV分布的特點(diǎn)與差異,為兩地區(qū)戊型肝炎防治策略的制定提供了重要的資料,同時(shí)也為疾病預(yù)防控制和治療檢測(cè)提供了參考。
[Abstract]:Hepatitis E (HE) is one of the major pathogens of acute hepatitis in developing countries, and has been considered by the World Health Organization (WHO) as an important public health problem in developing countries. The infection of the hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a disease of the human animal, and the transmission route of the virus is mainly transmitted through the stool mouth, and the virus enters the body through the water or the food, and then flows into the intestinal tract together with the bile after a large amount of propagation in the liver, and then is mixed with the feces to be discharged. It is often infected by eating a food contaminated with an HEV or in intimate contact with an HEV carrier, which can cause a large-scale outbreak when the water source is contaminated with a stool containing an HEV. In China, there is a lack of scientific and comprehensive understanding of the source of infection and the way of transmission in the epidemic of the hepatitis E. Whether the pig is the main source of infection of the hepatitis E virus in China, many problems such as the role of environmental factors (such as water) in the event of the outbreak of the hepatitis E virus are to be investigated in detail. This study is to combine the Chinese environmental characteristics with the source and spread of the hepatitis E. The characteristics of the route were as follows: on the one hand, 1464 human serum samples collected at the time of cross-section serum epidemiology of the hepatitis E-type hepatitis monitoring station in a certain area of Huaxi and a region of North China were carried out on the one hand, and the blood of the hepatitis E virus infection was carried out in 1464 human serum samples collected at the time of the cross-section serum epidemiological investigation. Qingxue study; on the other hand, 323 serum samples, 218 stool samples and 410 bile samples of commercial meat pigs in West China and North China were infected with hepatitis E virus The results showed that the positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in the serum of the sample population in the West China region was 45. 05%, with the positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in the male population of 48. 38%, and the anti-HEV antibody positive in the serum of the female population. The positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in the serum of the aged population (50 years) was 65. 74%, and the anti-HEV antibody in the serum of the young group (25 years) was positive. The positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in serum of the sample population in North China was 27. 2%. The positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in the serum of the male population was 30. 21%, the positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in the serum of the female population was 20. 60%, and the anti-HEV antibody in the serum of the aged population (50 years) was positive. The sex rate was 30. 77%, and the anti-HEV antibody in the serum of the young group (25 years) was positive. The results showed that the positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in human serum was higher than that in North China, and the positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in both regions was higher than that of female. The positive rate of VE antibody detection also increased, indicating that the population was exposed to the HEV The higher the positive environmental time, the higher the probability of infection. At the same time, the blood, feces and bile of the pigs in the two regions were compared and tested, and the feeding of the two areas was found. The positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in the serum of commercial meat pig in China is 78%, the positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in the commercial meat pig serum of North China is 25%, and the positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in the commercial meat pig bile in China is 70%, and the commercial meat pig in North China The positive rate of anti-HEV antibody was 22%; however, the HEV was not detected in the feces of live pigs at 6 months in both regions, which may be related to the way of collecting the feces and the time of collection of non-toxic materials, but the above results can show that the anti-HE of the commercial meat pig in the West China region can be clearly indicated. The positive rate of the V-antibody is obviously higher than that of the North China, which may be different from the geographical environment and the climate in the two regions. In this study, the study of HEV infection in two regions of Huaxi and North China was studied, and the laws and characteristics of HEV infection in both regions were studied. The characteristics and differences of the distribution of HEV in the group and commercial meat pigs provide important data for the development of the strategy for the prevention and treatment of the hepatitis E in the two regions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號(hào)】：R181.3;S858.28
本文編號(hào)：2356431
[Abstract]:Hepatitis E (HE) is one of the major pathogens of acute hepatitis in developing countries, and has been considered by the World Health Organization (WHO) as an important public health problem in developing countries. The infection of the hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a disease of the human animal, and the transmission route of the virus is mainly transmitted through the stool mouth, and the virus enters the body through the water or the food, and then flows into the intestinal tract together with the bile after a large amount of propagation in the liver, and then is mixed with the feces to be discharged. It is often infected by eating a food contaminated with an HEV or in intimate contact with an HEV carrier, which can cause a large-scale outbreak when the water source is contaminated with a stool containing an HEV. In China, there is a lack of scientific and comprehensive understanding of the source of infection and the way of transmission in the epidemic of the hepatitis E. Whether the pig is the main source of infection of the hepatitis E virus in China, many problems such as the role of environmental factors (such as water) in the event of the outbreak of the hepatitis E virus are to be investigated in detail. This study is to combine the Chinese environmental characteristics with the source and spread of the hepatitis E. The characteristics of the route were as follows: on the one hand, 1464 human serum samples collected at the time of cross-section serum epidemiology of the hepatitis E-type hepatitis monitoring station in a certain area of Huaxi and a region of North China were carried out on the one hand, and the blood of the hepatitis E virus infection was carried out in 1464 human serum samples collected at the time of the cross-section serum epidemiological investigation. Qingxue study; on the other hand, 323 serum samples, 218 stool samples and 410 bile samples of commercial meat pigs in West China and North China were infected with hepatitis E virus The results showed that the positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in the serum of the sample population in the West China region was 45. 05%, with the positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in the male population of 48. 38%, and the anti-HEV antibody positive in the serum of the female population. The positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in the serum of the aged population (50 years) was 65. 74%, and the anti-HEV antibody in the serum of the young group (25 years) was positive. The positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in serum of the sample population in North China was 27. 2%. The positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in the serum of the male population was 30. 21%, the positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in the serum of the female population was 20. 60%, and the anti-HEV antibody in the serum of the aged population (50 years) was positive. The sex rate was 30. 77%, and the anti-HEV antibody in the serum of the young group (25 years) was positive. The results showed that the positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in human serum was higher than that in North China, and the positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in both regions was higher than that of female. The positive rate of VE antibody detection also increased, indicating that the population was exposed to the HEV The higher the positive environmental time, the higher the probability of infection. At the same time, the blood, feces and bile of the pigs in the two regions were compared and tested, and the feeding of the two areas was found. The positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in the serum of commercial meat pig in China is 78%, the positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in the commercial meat pig serum of North China is 25%, and the positive rate of anti-HEV antibody in the commercial meat pig bile in China is 70%, and the commercial meat pig in North China The positive rate of anti-HEV antibody was 22%; however, the HEV was not detected in the feces of live pigs at 6 months in both regions, which may be related to the way of collecting the feces and the time of collection of non-toxic materials, but the above results can show that the anti-HE of the commercial meat pig in the West China region can be clearly indicated. The positive rate of the V-antibody is obviously higher than that of the North China, which may be different from the geographical environment and the climate in the two regions. In this study, the study of HEV infection in two regions of Huaxi and North China was studied, and the laws and characteristics of HEV infection in both regions were studied. The characteristics and differences of the distribution of HEV in the group and commercial meat pigs provide important data for the development of the strategy for the prevention and treatment of the hepatitis E in the two regions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號(hào)】：R181.3;S858.28
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