【摘要】： 血吸蟲病嚴(yán)重危害人們身體健康,導(dǎo)致大量患者勞動力喪失;嚴(yán)重影響了經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,帶來的不安定因素阻礙了社會的和諧與穩(wěn)定。因此,血吸蟲的防治具有重大意義。殺滅血吸蟲尾蚴,切斷血吸蟲的感染途徑,破壞其生命周期,是徹底根除血吸蟲病的最有力方法。 針對常用的化學(xué)藥物殺滅法存在的易使尾蚴產(chǎn)生抗藥性、水域?qū)拸V致使藥效降低、污染環(huán)境、毒殺其它生物等弊端,本文提出了一種利用高壓脈沖電場殺滅血吸蟲尾蚴的新方法,探討了這種電子殺滅方法的可行性,分別研究了采用銳形電極和平板電極的血吸蟲尾蚴殺滅機(jī)理,分析了影響尾蚴殺滅效果的各種因素,介紹了實(shí)驗(yàn)階段血吸蟲尾蚴高壓脈沖電場殺滅系統(tǒng)的構(gòu)成,指出了系統(tǒng)研制和試驗(yàn)過程中需要充分考慮的安全性問題。 本文共分為五章。第一章描述血吸蟲的生長周期及分布、血吸蟲對宿主的危害,說明殺滅血吸蟲的重大意義,指出本文的研究背景和主要內(nèi)容。第二章闡述現(xiàn)有的直接和間接血吸蟲殺滅技術(shù)的基本原理、特點(diǎn)和適用場合,介紹血吸蟲殺滅技術(shù)研究現(xiàn)狀,指出血吸蟲殺滅方法的發(fā)展趨勢。第三章主要介紹尾蚴的超微結(jié)構(gòu),探討采用血吸蟲尾蚴高壓脈沖電場殺滅技術(shù)的可行性,研究血吸蟲尾蚴高壓脈沖電場殺滅技術(shù)的機(jī)理,分析影響殺滅效果的電場參數(shù)、處理環(huán)境和生物特性因素。第四章介紹血吸蟲尾蚴高壓脈沖電場殺滅系統(tǒng)的功能和組成,探討電極材料的選取、電極的吸附效應(yīng)與改善方法。第五章介紹系統(tǒng)在防尾蚴感染、防電磁波、防靜電和高壓區(qū)域隔離方面的安全性設(shè)計(jì)。最后結(jié)論部分總結(jié)文章的創(chuàng)新和不足。 血吸蟲尾蚴高壓脈沖電場殺滅方法能避免傳統(tǒng)化學(xué)藥物殺滅血吸蟲尾蚴的不足,還具有水面殺菌、凈化水域的環(huán)保效果,具有積極的社會意義和廣闊的應(yīng)用前景,為消滅血吸蟲探究了一種新方法,可望為綠色血防開辟嶄新途徑。
[Abstract]:Schistosomiasis seriously endangers people's health and results in the loss of labor force of a large number of patients. It seriously affects the economic development and the unstable factors hinders the harmony and stability of the society. Therefore, the prevention and cure of Schistosoma japonicum is of great significance. Killing schistosomiasis cercariae, cutting off the way of schistosomiasis infection and destroying its life cycle are the most powerful ways to eradicate schistosomiasis. The common methods of killing cercariae are easy to make cercariae resistant to drug, the wide water area leads to the decrease of drug efficacy, the pollution of the environment, the poisoning of other organisms, and so on. In this paper, a new method of killing schistosomiasis cercariae by high voltage pulsed electric field is proposed. The feasibility of this method is discussed. The killing mechanism of Schistosoma cercariae with sharp electrode and plate electrode is studied respectively. The factors influencing the killing effect of cercariae were analyzed. The structure of the system for killing cercariae in the experiment stage was introduced, and the safety problems needed to be considered in the development and test of the system were pointed out. This paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter describes the growth cycle and distribution of Schistosoma japonicum, the harm of Schistosoma japonicum to the host, explains the significance of killing schistosome, and points out the research background and main contents of this paper. The second chapter describes the basic principle, characteristics and application of the existing direct and indirect schistosomiasis killing techniques, introduces the present situation of schistosomiasis killing technology, and points out the development trend of schistosomiasis killing methods. Chapter 3 mainly introduces the ultrastructure of cercariae, discusses the feasibility of killing cercariae by high voltage pulse electric field, studies the mechanism of killing cercariae by high voltage pulse electric field, and analyzes the electric field parameters that affect the killing effect. Deal with environmental and biological characteristics. In chapter 4, the function and composition of the system for killing schistosomiasis cercariae by high voltage pulsed electric field are introduced. The selection of electrode material, the adsorption effect of electrode and the improvement method are discussed. Chapter 5 introduces the safety design of the system in preventing cercariae infection, electromagnetic wave, static electricity and high voltage area isolation. The last part of the conclusion summarizes the innovation and deficiency of the article. The method of killing schistosomiasis cercariae by high voltage pulse electric field can avoid the shortage of traditional chemical drugs killing schistosomiasis cercariae, and it also has the effect of water surface sterilization and purification of water area, which has positive social significance and broad application prospect. In order to eliminate schistosomiasis, a new method is explored, which is expected to open up a new way for green blood control.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號】：R184

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