【摘要】： 目的 以控制學(xué)相關(guān)理論為指導(dǎo),研究并解決流行病學(xué)監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)的質(zhì)量控制與系統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià)問(wèn)題,完善流行病學(xué)監(jiān)測(cè)的理論體系。具體目的有三:一是探索流行病學(xué)監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)應(yīng)該具有的特性;二是探索流行病學(xué)監(jiān)測(cè)的質(zhì)量控制措施;三是探索流行病學(xué)監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià)的體制、機(jī)制以及內(nèi)容與指標(biāo)。 方法 本研究采用邏輯學(xué)中的演繹推理、歸納推理、類(lèi)比推理的方法。主要采用演繹推理,部分推理過(guò)程采用歸納推理,少數(shù)推理過(guò)程采用類(lèi)比推理。 結(jié)果 ①流行病學(xué)監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)具有且應(yīng)該具有如下24種特性:重要性、必要性、目的性、整體性、組織性、計(jì)劃性、長(zhǎng)期性、連續(xù)性、多元性、結(jié)構(gòu)層次性、相關(guān)性、靈活性、動(dòng)態(tài)平衡性、生產(chǎn)性、實(shí)用性、可控性、代表性、可行性、時(shí)效性、準(zhǔn)確性、簡(jiǎn)明性、經(jīng)濟(jì)性、強(qiáng)制性、反饋性。 ②從系統(tǒng)全過(guò)程中可能存在的問(wèn)題入手,針對(duì)性的提出27種系統(tǒng)質(zhì)量控制措施:法制控制、制度控制、需求性控制、目的性控制、程序化控制、組織控制、簡(jiǎn)明性控制、合理性控制、可行性控制、經(jīng)濟(jì)性控制、配套設(shè)施控制、信息化控制、資源整合控制、監(jiān)測(cè)事件的重要性必要性控制、代表性控制、計(jì)劃性控制、采樣控制、時(shí)效控制、抽查控制、層次控制、傳遞控制、采集檢測(cè)環(huán)境控制、人員控制、工具控制、技術(shù)控制、反饋控制、應(yīng)用控制。 ③流行病學(xué)監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)的評(píng)價(jià)是一項(xiàng)復(fù)雜的系統(tǒng)工程,評(píng)價(jià)體系應(yīng)包括:評(píng)價(jià)體制、評(píng)價(jià)內(nèi)容與指標(biāo)、評(píng)價(jià)機(jī)制三方面內(nèi)容。對(duì)流行病學(xué)監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)實(shí)施評(píng)價(jià)應(yīng)從系統(tǒng)合理性、系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行環(huán)境、系統(tǒng)全過(guò)程、系統(tǒng)結(jié)果四個(gè)方面入手,并形成一套規(guī)范的評(píng)價(jià)流程和完善的評(píng)價(jià)制度,從而確保系統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià)工作的有效性。 結(jié)論 ①流行病學(xué)監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)具有諸多特性。這些特性,既是流行病學(xué)監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)建立、運(yùn)行過(guò)程中必須遵守的原則,又是系統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià)過(guò)程中所要評(píng)價(jià)的具體內(nèi)容,也是系統(tǒng)完善過(guò)程中所要達(dá)到的目標(biāo)。 ②流行病學(xué)監(jiān)測(cè)信息的“可偽性”可以來(lái)自系統(tǒng)建立、運(yùn)行、評(píng)價(jià)、完善過(guò)程的各環(huán)節(jié)、各階段。因此,系統(tǒng)的質(zhì)量控制也應(yīng)從這些可能導(dǎo)致信息質(zhì)量問(wèn)題的環(huán)節(jié)入手,針對(duì)性地實(shí)施控制,并貫穿系統(tǒng)建立、運(yùn)行、評(píng)價(jià)、完善的全過(guò)程,從而達(dá)到優(yōu)化系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行環(huán)境、完善系統(tǒng)過(guò)程、提高信息質(zhì)量的目的。 ③流行病學(xué)監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)的評(píng)價(jià),對(duì)于及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行過(guò)程中存在的問(wèn)題、不斷地完善系統(tǒng)具有非常重要的作用。形成一套較為完善的系統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià)體系對(duì)于系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展具有非常重要的意義。評(píng)價(jià)體系應(yīng)當(dāng)包括評(píng)價(jià)體制、評(píng)價(jià)內(nèi)容與指標(biāo)、評(píng)價(jià)機(jī)制三方面內(nèi)容。其中,評(píng)價(jià)體制解決評(píng)價(jià)工作的組織、實(shí)施由誰(shuí)做的問(wèn)題,評(píng)價(jià)內(nèi)容與評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)解決評(píng)價(jià)工作做什么的問(wèn)題,評(píng)價(jià)機(jī)制解決評(píng)價(jià)工作如何做的問(wèn)題。
[Abstract]:Objective to study and solve the problems of quality control and system evaluation of epidemiological surveillance system under the guidance of relevant theories of control, and to perfect the theoretical system of epidemiological monitoring. There are three specific purposes: first, to explore the characteristics of epidemiological surveillance system; second, to explore the quality control measures of epidemiological monitoring; third, to explore the system, mechanism, contents and indicators of epidemiological monitoring system evaluation. Methods in this study, deductive reasoning, inductive reasoning and analogical reasoning were adopted in logic. Deductive reasoning is mainly used, inductive reasoning is used in part reasoning process and analogy reasoning is used in a few reasoning processes. Results (1) Epidemiological surveillance systems have and should have the following 24 characteristics: importance, necessity, purpose, integrity, organization, planning, long-term, continuity, plurality, structural hierarchy and relevance. Flexibility, dynamic balance, productivity, practicality, controllability, representativeness, feasibility, timeliness, accuracy, simplicity, economy, compulsion, feedback. 2 from the possible problems in the whole process of the system, 27 kinds of system quality control measures are put forward: legal system control, demand control, purpose control, program control, organization control, conciseness control. Rationality control, feasibility control, economic control, supporting facility control, information control, resource integration control, necessity control of importance of monitoring events, representational control, planning control, sampling control, time-limit control, Spot check control, hierarchical control, transfer control, collection and detection environment control, personnel control, tool control, technical control, feedback control, application control. 3 the evaluation of epidemiological surveillance system is a complex system engineering. The evaluation system should include three aspects: evaluation system, evaluation content and index, evaluation mechanism. The evaluation of epidemiological monitoring system should start from four aspects: system rationality, system operating environment, system whole process, system result, and form a set of standard evaluation flow and perfect evaluation system. So as to ensure the effectiveness of the system evaluation. Conclusion 1 Epidemiological surveillance system has many characteristics. These characteristics are not only the principles to be observed in the establishment and operation of the epidemiological surveillance system, but also the concrete contents of the evaluation in the course of the system evaluation, and the goal to be achieved in the process of system perfection. 2 the "falsity" of epidemiological surveillance information can come from every link and stage of system establishment, operation, evaluation and improvement. Therefore, the quality control of the system should start with the links that may lead to the information quality problems, and carry out the control pertinently, and run through the whole process of establishing, running, evaluating and perfecting the system, so as to optimize the operating environment of the system. Perfect the system process, improve the purpose of information quality. 3 the evaluation of epidemiological monitoring system plays an important role in discovering the problems existing in the operation of the system in time and continuously perfecting the system. It is very important for the development of the system to form a set of perfect system evaluation system. The evaluation system should include three aspects: evaluation system, evaluation content and index, evaluation mechanism. Among them, the evaluation system solves the organization of evaluation work, the implementation of the problem by who, the evaluation content and evaluation index to solve the problem of what evaluation work does, and the evaluation mechanism to solve the problem of how to do evaluation work.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R181.3

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