【摘要】：在突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件發(fā)生時(shí),為了防止傳染病疫情的發(fā)生和蔓延,需要對(duì)疾病的易感者采取及時(shí)有效的防護(hù)措施。相對(duì)于常規(guī)免疫接種的計(jì)劃性,應(yīng)急接種更強(qiáng)調(diào)應(yīng)急性。一般要求應(yīng)急免疫接種要在48小時(shí)內(nèi)完成。在緊急狀況下,多種疫苗的聯(lián)合接種可以提高現(xiàn)場(chǎng)工作效率。但是,不同疫苗的聯(lián)合應(yīng)用能否產(chǎn)生有效的生物效應(yīng),是否引發(fā)不良反應(yīng)值得觀察。 我國(guó)是病毒性肝炎和乙型腦膜炎的高發(fā)區(qū),人群普遍易感。在重大災(zāi)難發(fā)生時(shí),甲肝和乙肝聯(lián)合疫苗、乙腦減毒疫苗的接種頻率高,現(xiàn)場(chǎng)工作量大,迫切需要對(duì)相關(guān)技術(shù)進(jìn)行改良。 本研究以小鼠為研究對(duì)象,采用組織病理分析、酶聯(lián)免疫測(cè)定、生化分析、細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)和動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)等技術(shù)探討在緊急狀態(tài)下,同時(shí)接種甲乙肝聯(lián)合疫苗和乙腦減毒疫苗后的安全性,以期為開發(fā)“三聯(lián)”疫苗的同時(shí)接種技術(shù)提供依據(jù)。研究結(jié)果如下: 1.試驗(yàn)過(guò)程中,實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物體重均有增加,局部無(wú)結(jié)節(jié),無(wú)過(guò)敏癥狀的發(fā)生,健康存活;小鼠的肝臟和腦的病理切片均未見異常,谷丙轉(zhuǎn)氨酶(ALT)的檢測(cè)所測(cè)得值均在正常范圍內(nèi)。表明同時(shí)接種甲乙肝聯(lián)合疫苗和乙型腦膜炎減毒活疫苗沒(méi)有產(chǎn)生安全問(wèn)題。 2.接種甲乙肝聯(lián)合疫苗和乙腦疫苗組的實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物的甲型肝炎抗體陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)率為90%,乙型肝炎抗體陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)率為80%,乙腦抗體陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)率為70%,與對(duì)照組均無(wú)顯著性差異。表明同時(shí)接種甲乙肝聯(lián)合疫苗同乙型腦膜炎減毒活疫苗不影響相關(guān)抗原的免疫原性,生物效應(yīng)正常。
[Abstract]:In order to prevent the outbreak and spread of infectious diseases, it is necessary to take timely and effective protective measures against the susceptible persons when public health emergencies occur. Emergency vaccination is more important than routine immunization planning. Emergency immunization is generally required to be completed within 48 hours. In emergency situations, the combined vaccination of multiple vaccines can improve the efficiency of field work. However, whether combined use of different vaccines can produce effective biological effects and induce adverse reactions is worth observing. China is a high incidence of viral hepatitis and meningitis B, the population is generally susceptible. At the time of major disaster, the inoculation frequency of hepatitis A and hepatitis B vaccine and the attenuated je vaccine are high, and the work load on the spot is large, so it is urgent to improve the related technology. In this study, we used histopathological analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, biochemical analysis, cell culture and animal experiments to study the mice under emergency. The safety of hepatitis A vaccine and attenuated encephalitis B vaccine was studied in order to provide evidence for the development of triple vaccine. The results are as follows: 1. In the course of the experiment, the weight of the experimental animals increased, there were no nodule, no allergic symptoms, healthy survival; The pathological sections of liver and brain of mice were not abnormal, and the measured values of glutamate-pyruvic transaminase (ALT) were within the normal range. The results showed that there were no safety problems with both hepatitis A and B attenuated live vaccines. 2. The positive conversion rate of hepatitis A antibody, hepatitis B antibody positive conversion rate and Japanese encephalitis antibody positive conversion rate were 90, 80 and 70 respectively in the experimental animals inoculated with hepatitis A vaccine and Japanese encephalitis vaccine group, and there was no significant difference between the experimental animals and the control group. The results showed that the immunogenicity of the related antigens was not affected and the biological effect was normal.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：第三軍醫(yī)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：R186

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