發(fā)布時間：2018-10-18 20:40

【摘要】：目的:為了研究黑龍江地區(qū)密山、綏芬河、嘉蔭、東寧、虎林、同江、遜克、蘿北、牡丹江、黑河、饒河11口岸蜱類分布、攜帶及復合感染新發(fā)蜱傳病原體的情況。方法:2014年4月到2015年10月,綜合黑龍江口岸森林植被和蜱媒病的生態(tài)學、生物學歷史資料,選擇密山、綏芬河、嘉蔭、東寧、虎林、同江、遜克、蘿北、牡丹江、黑河、饒河11口岸作為調查樣點,利用布旗法采集樣本蜱,經形態(tài)學鑒定后,根據(jù)地區(qū)及種類進行編號,單只檢測。蜱獨立分裝,在管壁上做好編號,放入無菌鋼珠,在低溫環(huán)境下利用研磨儀將蜱研磨至粉末狀,4℃保存,按照試劑盒操作步驟提取蜱組織DNA,通過建立五種新發(fā)蜱傳疾病病原體(伯氏疏螺旋體、斑點熱群立克次體、巴爾通體、巴貝西原蟲、嗜吞噬細胞無形體)特異性引物,利用PCR或巢式PCR方法對所有樣本進行特異性片段擴增,選取PCR陽性片段送測序公司進行測序,所獲得的序列與網上(NCBI)序列進行同源性比較,并做進化樹分析,以確定并分析病原體在媒介蜱中的地理及特征分布。結果:1、蜱類構成共采集1306只蜱標本,經分類鑒定分屬于革蜱屬的森林革蜱、硬蜱屬的全溝硬蜱和血蜱屬的嗜群血蜱和日本血蜱。其中森林革蜱Dermacentor silvarum、625只占總數(shù)的47.86%,為優(yōu)勢種群,全溝硬蜱Ixodes persulcatus332只占25.42%,嗜群血蜱Haemaphysalis concinna 308只占23.58%,日本血蜱Haemaphysalis japonica 41只占3.14%。2、病原檢測結果本研究在所檢測的1306份樣本中,共檢測出1例巴貝西原蟲陽性樣本,528例斑點熱群立克次體陽性樣本、11例巴爾通體陽性樣本、31例嗜吞噬細胞無形體陽性樣本、11例萊姆病螺旋體陽性樣本,感染率分別為0.8‰、404.3‰、8.4‰、23.7‰和8.4‰。對5種新發(fā)蜱媒疾病的病原體進行檢測,共發(fā)現(xiàn)8種病原體,分別是嘎氏疏螺旋體Borrelia afzelii、伽氏疏螺旋體Borrelia garinii、巴貝西原蟲Babesia spp.、勞氏立克次體Rickettsia raoultii、新塔拉塞威奇立克次體Candidatus Rickettsia tarasevichiae、黑龍江立克次體Rickettsia heilongjiangensis、巴爾通體Bartonella spp.、嗜吞噬細胞無形體Anaplasma phagocytophilum。本研究結果顯示,黑龍江11個口岸地區(qū)至少存在兩種萊姆病螺旋體(Borrelia garinii、Borrelia afzelii),三種斑點熱群立克次(Rickettsia raoultii、Candidatus Rickettsia tarasevichiae、Rickettsia heilongjiangensis),也同時證實了嗜吞噬細胞無形體(Anaplasma phagocytophilum)、巴貝西原蟲(Babesia spp.)、巴爾通體(Bartonella spp.)的存在。3、復合感染檢測結果共檢測到復合感染24例,分別為斑點熱群立克次體與萊姆病螺旋體,斑點熱群立克次體與嗜吞噬細胞無形體和斑點熱群立克次體與巴爾通體,復合感染率為18.4‰(24/1306)。結論:黑龍江口岸媒介蜱類攜帶多種新發(fā)蜱媒病原體,并存在一定程度的復合感染現(xiàn)象,提示黑龍江地區(qū)蜱媒疾病的危險程度很高,急需加強黑龍江口岸地區(qū)蜱媒傳染病及其復合感染的監(jiān)測與防控技術研究,進而建立科學合理的新發(fā)蜱媒疾病預警監(jiān)測和防控技術體系。
[Abstract]:Objective: To study the distribution, carrying and compound infection of new infectious pathogens in Mishan, Fenhe River, Jiayin, Dongning, Hualin, Tongjiang, Sunke, Lubei, Mudanjiang, Hei River, Raohe 11 port in Heilongjiang area. Method: From April, 2014 to October 2015, the ecological and biological history data of forest vegetation and medium-term disease in Heilongjiang port were integrated. Samples were collected by the cloth flag method. After morphological identification, the samples were numbered according to the area and type, and only one was detected. The method comprises the following steps of: carrying out independent subpackaging, numbering on the pipe wall, placing in a sterile steel ball, grinding the pellets into powder at a low temperature environment by using a grinder, storing at 4 DEG C, extracting tissue DNA according to the operation steps of the kit, establishing five new infectious diseases pathogens (Borrelia burgdorferi, carrying out specific fragment amplification on all samples by using a PCR or a nested PCR method, selecting a PCR positive fragment to carry out sequencing by using a PCR or a nested PCR method, The obtained sequences were compared with the online (NCBI) sequence, and analyzed by tree analysis to determine and analyze the geographic and characteristic distribution of pathogens in the media. Results: A total of 1306 samples were collected by classification and identification. Among the 1306 samples tested, there were only 25.42% of the total population, 25.42% of the whole trench, 23. 58% of the total channel, and 3. 14% of the Japanese blood. The result of the pathogen detection was in 1306 samples tested. A total of 1cases of Leishmania positive samples, 528 spotted fever group rickettsia positive samples, 11 cases of Bartonella positive samples, 31 cases of phagocyte-free positive samples, 11 cases of Lyme disease spiral positive samples were detected, and the infection rates were 0. 8%, 404. 3, 8. 4, 23. 7 and 8. 4%, respectively. A total of 8 pathogens were detected, including Borrelia afzelii, Borrelia garinii of Borrelia afzelii, Borrelia garinii, Babesia spp. of Borrelia garinii, Babesia spp., Racktsia raoulitii, New Taraswichtsia tabaci, Heilkettsia heilongjianguensis, Heilongjiang Province, respectively. Bartonella spp., phagocyte-free anaplasma phagocytophilum. The results of this study show that there are at least two Borrelia garinii, Borrelia afzelii, and three spot heat groups (Rickettsia raoulitii, Riceidi Rickettsia tarachaichensis, Rickettsia heilongjiangensis) in 11 port areas of Heilongjiang Province, and also confirms that the phagocyte-free body (Anapasma phagocytophilum), Babesia spp.), Bartonella spp.) The complex infection rate was 18. 4% (24/ 1306). Conclusion: There is a certain degree of compound infection in the media-borne diseases in Heilongjiang province. It is suggested that the risk of drug-borne diseases in Heilongjiang province is very high. It is urgent to strengthen the research on the monitoring and prevention and control of the infectious diseases and their complex infections in the area of Heilongjiang, and establish a scientific and reasonable system of early warning monitoring and prevention and control of disease-borne diseases.
【學位授予單位】：中國人民解放軍軍事醫(yī)學科學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R181.3

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