【摘要】： 針對(duì)近些年我國(guó)腎綜合征出血熱疫情發(fā)展趨勢(shì)，本研究在東北(黑龍江、吉林)、華北(北京)、東南(浙江)、西南(貴州)、西北(新疆)不同類(lèi)型的疫源地中選擇代表性調(diào)查點(diǎn)，采用分子生物學(xué)檢測(cè)技術(shù)和序列分析以及應(yīng)用酶聯(lián)免疫吸附試驗(yàn)(ELISA)對(duì)鼠類(lèi)宿主動(dòng)物和家畜漢坦病毒感染進(jìn)行了調(diào)查。結(jié)果如下：(1)采集鼠類(lèi)13種526只，總帶毒率2.28％，各地陽(yáng)性率差別無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ~2=7.238，P=0.204)；大林姬鼠、黑線姬鼠、褐家鼠、棕背鼠平感染率分別為3.81％、1.41％、4.35％、4.08％，，其余鼠種均陰性；(2)對(duì)上述鼠陽(yáng)性代表性標(biāo)本進(jìn)行漢坦病毒的分型研究和M、S基因序列測(cè)定分析表明：目前我國(guó)流行的漢坦病毒仍然以Hantaan virus(HTNV)和Seoul virus(SEOV)為主；并首次從我國(guó)大林姬鼠中發(fā)現(xiàn)Amur漢坦病毒的存在；在貴州褐家鼠中發(fā)現(xiàn)了漢灘型漢坦病毒感染。(3)豬、牛、羊血清中漢坦病毒抗體檢測(cè)陽(yáng)性率分別為3.39％、1.74％和1.39％，證實(shí)漢坦病毒在家畜中的感染普遍存在。 綜上所述，本研究進(jìn)一步證實(shí)我國(guó)鼠類(lèi)宿主動(dòng)物攜帶了多種型別的漢坦病毒；揭示了褐家鼠作為漢灘型漢坦病毒溢出宿主的可能性；并首次發(fā)現(xiàn)我國(guó)大林姬鼠攜帶Amur漢坦病毒；同時(shí)進(jìn)一步證實(shí)了漢坦病毒在家畜中普遍感染，但鑒于其感染率偏低，其在傳播HFRS上的作用有待進(jìn)一步研究。
[Abstract]:In view of the trend of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in China in recent years, this study selected representative survey sites in different types of foci in Northeast China (Heilongjiang, Jilin), North China (Beijing), Southeast (Zhejiang), Southwest (Guizhou) and Northwest (Xinjiang). The infection of rat host animal and domestic animal Hantavirus was investigated by molecular biological detection technique sequence analysis and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results were as follows: (1) 13 kinds of 526 rodents were collected, the total virus carrying rate was 2.28, and there was no significant difference in the positive rate between the two groups (蠂 ~ (2 / 2) 7.238), and the infection rates of Apodemus agrarius, Apodemus agrarius, Rattus norvegicus and Rattus palmianus were 3.811.41 (1.41) and 4.354.08 (P < 0.05), respectively. (2) the typing of Hantavirus and the sequence analysis of MN S gene showed that the prevalent Hantavirus in China was still mainly Hantaan virus (HTNV) and Seoul virus (SEOV). Amur Hantavirus was first found in Apodemus davidii in China, and Hantaan type Hantavirus infection was found in Guizhou brown house rat. (3) the positive rates of Hantavirus antibody in serum of pigs, cattle and sheep were 3.391.74% and 1.39%, respectively. The prevalence of Hantavirus infection in domestic animals is confirmed. To sum up, this study further confirmed that Chinese rodent host animals carried various types of Hantavirus, revealed the possibility of Rattus norvegicus as an overflowing host of Hantavirus type, and discovered for the first time that Apodemus chinensis carried Amur Hantavirus. It is further confirmed that Hantavirus is widely infected in domestic animals, but its role in HFRS transmission needs further study in view of its low infection rate.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)人民解放軍軍事醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R181.3

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