滅螺成分的提取分離、結(jié)構(gòu)剖析及對魚蝦毒性的研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-29 07:33
【摘要】： 血吸蟲病(Schistosomiasis)是嚴重危害人類健康和社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的重大傳染性疾病。我國流行的是日本血吸蟲病,釘螺是其生育的唯一中間宿主,也是同魚蝦共生的水陸兩棲軟體動物,因此,選擇性控制釘螺是防治血吸蟲病傳播的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)之一。Nic是WHO唯一推薦、國內(nèi)外廣泛使用的化學滅螺藥物,但因其對水生動物的毒性大、價格昂貴等弊病限制了其廣泛應(yīng)用,因而研制環(huán)境友好、價格低廉的新型滅螺藥物已成為當今社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的迫切需求。作者從滅螺植物SX中純化生物堿單體滅螺藥物(成分),研究魚蝦酯酶和轉(zhuǎn)氨酶反應(yīng)的動力學特性及對滅螺藥物的敏感性,成果為滅螺藥物提供了設(shè)計依據(jù)。主要研究結(jié)果如下: 1、生物堿SX3的純化及結(jié)構(gòu)剖析研究。 采用酸堿法、CCL法及重結(jié)晶法,從SX果實中分離純化單體滅螺成分SX3,純度96.12%,相對分子質(zhì)量721,元素比1.489%N、62.14%C、7.215%H,經(jīng)IR檢測推定SX3可能一種新滅螺成分。 2、生物堿SX3的活性測定。 用WHO試驗法測定,在200 mg/L的SX3藥液中浸泡釘螺24h,其上爬抑制率和死亡率均為100%;用平板抑菌法測定,在含50 mg/L SX3的培養(yǎng)皿中培養(yǎng)棉花枯萎菌、水稻紋枯菌、黃瓜灰霉菌、小麥赤霉菌、蘋果輪紋菌及棉花炭疽菌等菌物,其生長抑制率分別為21.05、21.37、18.52、26.09、24.53及4.55%。結(jié)果說明SX3具有抑殺釘螺和廣譜抑菌的活性。 3、鯽魚和青蝦AChE(腦)、GPT和GOT(肝臟)的動力學特性研究。 用L_(25)(5~6)正交試驗法測定結(jié)果說明,因生物和酶不同,其動力學特性各異,這為滅螺藥物機理研究提供了試驗方法(依據(jù))。鯽魚和青蝦各酶的動力學特性歸納如下: 4、鯽魚和青蝦AChE、GPT、GOT對滅螺藥物的敏感性研究。 在酶促反應(yīng)最適條件下測定,結(jié)果說明同源酶對不同滅螺藥物的敏感性不同,來源不同酶對同種藥物的敏感性也有差異。成果為新型滅螺藥物的篩選提供了重要的參考依據(jù)。滅螺藥物對酶活力的誘導率如下:
[Abstract]:Schistosomiasis (Schistosomiasis) is a major infectious disease that seriously endangers human health and social economic development. Schistosomiasis japonicum is prevalent in China. Oncomelania hupensis is the only intermediate host of Schistosomiasis japonicum, and is also a amphibian mollusk symbiotic with fish and shrimp. Selective control of Oncomelania hupensis is one of the key techniques to control the transmission of schistosomiasis. Nic is the only recommended chemical snail killing drug at home and abroad, but its wide application is limited by its toxicity to aquatic animals and high price. Therefore, the development of new snail-killing drugs with friendly environment and low price has become an urgent need of social and economic development. The alkaloid monomers (components) were purified from snail plant SX to study the kinetic characteristics of esterase and aminotransferase reaction of fish and shrimp and their sensitivity to snail killing drugs. The results provided a basis for the design of snail killing drugs. The main results are as follows: 1. Purification and structure analysis of alkaloid SX3. Acid-base method and recrystallization method were used. The monomeric molluscicide SX3, was purified from the fruit of SX with a purity of 96.12, a relative molecular weight of 721 and an element ratio of 1.489N ~ (62.14) C ~ (7.215H). By IR detection, it was presumed that SX3 might be a new component of molluscicide, and the activity of alkaloid SX3 was determined. The inhibition rate of climbing and mortality of Oncomelania hupensis in 200 mg/L SX3 solution for 24 h were determined by WHO test, and the inhibition rate of climbing and mortality of Oncomelania hupensis were both 100% by using plate bacteriostasis method, cotton wilt bacteria, rice grain withered fungus and Cucumber ash fungus were cultured in culture dish containing 50 mg/L SX3 by plate inhibition method. The growth inhibition rates of gibberellae, rotifer of apple and anthrax of cotton were 21.05 ~ 21.37 ~ 18.52 ~ 26.09 ~ 24.53 and 4.55, respectively. The results showed that SX3 had the activity of inhibiting snail and broad-spectrum bacteriostatic activity. 3. The kinetic characteristics of AChE and GOT (liver) of crucian carp and prawn were studied. The results of L _ (25) (5 ~ (6) orthogonal test showed that the kinetic characteristics of different organisms and enzymes were different, which provided the experimental method for the study of the mechanism of snail killing drugs. The kinetic characteristics of the enzymes of crucian carp and shrimp were summarized as follows: (4) the sensitivity of crucian carp and shrimp AChE,GPT,GOT to snail killing drugs. Under the optimum conditions of enzymatic reaction, the results showed that the sensitivity of homologous enzymes to different molluscicides was different, and the sensitivity of different enzymes to the same drug was also different. The results provide an important reference basis for screening new snail killing drugs. The induction rate of the enzyme activity was as follows:
【學位授予單位】：華中師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：R184
本文編號：2210622
[Abstract]:Schistosomiasis (Schistosomiasis) is a major infectious disease that seriously endangers human health and social economic development. Schistosomiasis japonicum is prevalent in China. Oncomelania hupensis is the only intermediate host of Schistosomiasis japonicum, and is also a amphibian mollusk symbiotic with fish and shrimp. Selective control of Oncomelania hupensis is one of the key techniques to control the transmission of schistosomiasis. Nic is the only recommended chemical snail killing drug at home and abroad, but its wide application is limited by its toxicity to aquatic animals and high price. Therefore, the development of new snail-killing drugs with friendly environment and low price has become an urgent need of social and economic development. The alkaloid monomers (components) were purified from snail plant SX to study the kinetic characteristics of esterase and aminotransferase reaction of fish and shrimp and their sensitivity to snail killing drugs. The results provided a basis for the design of snail killing drugs. The main results are as follows: 1. Purification and structure analysis of alkaloid SX3. Acid-base method and recrystallization method were used. The monomeric molluscicide SX3, was purified from the fruit of SX with a purity of 96.12, a relative molecular weight of 721 and an element ratio of 1.489N ~ (62.14) C ~ (7.215H). By IR detection, it was presumed that SX3 might be a new component of molluscicide, and the activity of alkaloid SX3 was determined. The inhibition rate of climbing and mortality of Oncomelania hupensis in 200 mg/L SX3 solution for 24 h were determined by WHO test, and the inhibition rate of climbing and mortality of Oncomelania hupensis were both 100% by using plate bacteriostasis method, cotton wilt bacteria, rice grain withered fungus and Cucumber ash fungus were cultured in culture dish containing 50 mg/L SX3 by plate inhibition method. The growth inhibition rates of gibberellae, rotifer of apple and anthrax of cotton were 21.05 ~ 21.37 ~ 18.52 ~ 26.09 ~ 24.53 and 4.55, respectively. The results showed that SX3 had the activity of inhibiting snail and broad-spectrum bacteriostatic activity. 3. The kinetic characteristics of AChE and GOT (liver) of crucian carp and prawn were studied. The results of L _ (25) (5 ~ (6) orthogonal test showed that the kinetic characteristics of different organisms and enzymes were different, which provided the experimental method for the study of the mechanism of snail killing drugs. The kinetic characteristics of the enzymes of crucian carp and shrimp were summarized as follows: (4) the sensitivity of crucian carp and shrimp AChE,GPT,GOT to snail killing drugs. Under the optimum conditions of enzymatic reaction, the results showed that the sensitivity of homologous enzymes to different molluscicides was different, and the sensitivity of different enzymes to the same drug was also different. The results provide an important reference basis for screening new snail killing drugs. The induction rate of the enzyme activity was as follows:
【學位授予單位】：華中師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：R184
【引證文獻】
相關(guān)碩士學位論文 前1條
1 王新石;滅螺藥物對釘螺和財魚GOT酶活力及其蛋白表達的影響研究[D];華中師范大學;2011年
，本文編號：2210622
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