云南勐臘原生態(tài)區(qū)與開發(fā)區(qū)蚊蟲群落特征分析比較研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-10 21:43
【摘要】：目的：研究比較云南勐臘縣原生態(tài)區(qū)與開發(fā)區(qū)的蚊蟲群落特征及其重要疾病媒介生態(tài)習(xí)性,為今后蚊蟲媒介生物的種群群落研究及其蚊蟲傳播疾病防治提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。 方法：2002-2003年在媒介活動(dòng)高峰期的6-10月份,分別在原生態(tài)區(qū)和開發(fā)區(qū)的2個(gè)生境(Habitat)條件相似村屯的人房及牛房,采用CDC (New Standard Night and Daytime Battery-Powered Traps)和UV (New Standard Miniature BlackLight (UV) Traps)誘蚊燈定時(shí)、定點(diǎn)誘捕收集現(xiàn)場(chǎng)觀測(cè)點(diǎn)的各類成蚊蚊種,并分類鑒定登記。幼蟲采用定人、定時(shí)、定點(diǎn)的捕撈法,分別對(duì)兩個(gè)觀察點(diǎn)的小溪進(jìn)行捕撈后,分類鑒定計(jì)數(shù)。 結(jié)果：2002-2003年在開發(fā)區(qū)與原生態(tài)區(qū)發(fā)現(xiàn)的成蚊蚊蟲物種共包括8屬53種,包括了按蚊屬(Genus Anopheles)蚊種21種,庫蚊屬(Genus Culex)蚊種16種,伊蚊屬(Genus Aedes)蚊種6種,藍(lán)帶蚊屬(Genus Uranotaeniini) 5種,曼蚊屬(Genus Mansonia)2種,阿蚊屬(Gunus Armigeres)1種,小蚊屬(Genus Mimomyia) 1種,領(lǐng)蚊屬(Genus Heizmannia)1種。其種群數(shù)量以按蚊屬的微小按蚊數(shù)量為最多,其次為可赫按蚊、中華按蚊。庫蚊屬以三帶喙庫蚊種群數(shù)量為最多。伊蚊屬以刺擾伊蚊的種群數(shù)量為主。原生態(tài)區(qū)和開發(fā)區(qū)所抓獲的蚊蟲種類有所不同,其中在開發(fā)區(qū)未捕到大劣按蚊、細(xì)刺庫蚊、斑翅庫蚊、霜背庫蚊、棘刺伊蚊、臺(tái)灣伊蚊、巨型藍(lán)帶蚊、暗糊藍(lán)帶蚊；原生態(tài)區(qū)則未捕到環(huán)斑按蚊、棋斑按蚊、白頂庫蚊、棕盾庫蚊、多環(huán)曼蚊。2002-2003年在開發(fā)區(qū)與原生態(tài)區(qū)發(fā)現(xiàn)幼蟲蚊蟲物種共26種,包括了按蚊屬蚊種11種,庫蚊屬蚊種11種,伊蚊屬蚊種1種,藍(lán)帶蚊屬3種。其種群數(shù)量以按蚊屬的中華按蚊幼蟲數(shù)量為最多,其次為微小按蚊。庫蚊屬以麻翅庫蚊幼蟲和三帶喙庫蚊幼蟲種群數(shù)量為最多。伊蚊屬和藍(lán)帶蚊屬幼蟲種群數(shù)量比較小。兩生境所捕撈的幼蟲相比,在開發(fā)區(qū)捕撈的幼蟲中沒有克氏按蚊和科利藍(lán)帶蚊,而在原生態(tài)區(qū)沒有中華庫蚊、黑點(diǎn)庫蚊、白胸庫蚊及伊蚊屬的幼蟲。原生態(tài)區(qū)與開發(fā)區(qū)重要疾病傳播媒介的種群密度季節(jié)消長(zhǎng)比較發(fā)現(xiàn)： 1.微小按蚊成蚊密度在開發(fā)區(qū)不論是人房還是牛房密度均高于原生態(tài)區(qū)微小按蚊成蚊密度,開發(fā)區(qū)微小按蚊成蚊密度在人房分別在7月和9月出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)高峰,這與該區(qū)微小按蚊幼蟲密度分別在6月和8月出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)高峰相吻合。而在原生態(tài)區(qū)人房微小按蚊成蚊密度僅在9月份出現(xiàn)一個(gè)高峰。 2.三帶喙庫蚊成蚊密度在開發(fā)區(qū)不論是人房還是牛房密度均低于原生態(tài)區(qū)三帶喙庫蚊密度,其成蚊密度高峰兩個(gè)區(qū)均一致為7月份；幼蟲密度高峰為6月。 結(jié)論：開發(fā)區(qū)與原生態(tài)區(qū)蚊蟲物種豐富度、多樣性指數(shù)較高,其中開發(fā)區(qū)的生態(tài)環(huán)境改變使乙型腦炎主要媒介三帶喙庫蚊密度較原生態(tài)區(qū)的種群密度有所降低,而使主要傳瘧媒介微小按蚊密度卻相對(duì)較高,建議有關(guān)衛(wèi)生防疫部門給予高度重視。
[Abstract]:Objective: to study and compare the characteristics of mosquito communities and their important disease vector ecological habits in original ecological areas and development zones of Mengla County Yunnan Province in order to provide scientific basis for the study of population communities of mosquito vectors and the prevention and control of mosquito-borne diseases in the future. Methods from June to October of the peak period of vector activity in 2002 / 03, the human and cattle houses in two similar (Habitat) habitats in the original ecological area and the development zone were fixed with CDC (New Standard Night and Daytime Battery-Powered Traps) and UV (New Standard Miniature BlackLight (UV) Traps) mosquito trap lamp, respectively. Fixed-point entrapment collected all adult mosquito species at site observation points and classified and registered them. The larvae were fished by fixed, fixed and fixed-point fishing, and classified and counted after the two observation points were fished. Results from 2002 to 2003, 53 species of mosquitoes belonging to 8 genera, including 21 species of Anopheles (Genus Anopheles), 16 species of Culex (Genus Culex), 6 species of Aedes (Genus Aedes) and 5 species of (Genus Uranotaeniini), were found in this area. There are 2 species of (Genus Mansonia), 1 species of (Gunus Armigeres), 1 species of (Genus Mimomyia) and 1 species of (Genus Heizmannia). The number of Anopheles minimus was the largest, followed by Anopheles kopheri and Anopheles sinensis. Culex tritaeniorhynchus population is the largest in the genus Culex pipiens. The main species of Aedes is Aedes spp. The species of mosquitoes caught in the original ecological area and the development zone are different. There are no Anopheles pipiens, Culex albopictus, Culex pipiens, Aedes spinoides, Aedes aegypti, giant blue belt mosquito, and dimatite mosquito in the development zone. Anopheles ringspot, Anopheles albopictus, Culex albopictus and polycyclic mosquitoes were not found in primordial areas. In 2002-2003, 26 species of larval mosquitoes were found in the development zones and primordial areas, including 11 species of Anopheles and 11 species of Culex, There are 1 species of Aedes and 3 species of Blue Belt. The number of Anopheles sinensis larvae was the largest, followed by Anopheles minimus. Culex pipiens larvae and Culex tritaeniorhynchus populations are the largest in the genus Culex pipiens. The larva populations of Aedes and Blue Belt are relatively small. Compared with the larvae caught in the two habitats, there were no Anopheles kornii and Coriolis in the development zone, while there were no Culex chinensis, Culex nigra, Culex albopictus and Aedes in the primordial area. The seasonal comparison of population density between primordial areas and development zones is as follows: 1. The density of adult mosquito of Anopheles minimus was higher in the development zone than that in the original ecological area. The density of adult mosquito of Anopheles minimus appeared two peaks in July and September, respectively. This coincides with the two peaks of the larval density of Anopheles minimus in June and August, respectively. However, the adult density of Anopheles minimus reached a peak of 2. 2 in September in primordial areas. The density of adult mosquito of Culex tritaeniorhynchus was lower in the development zone than that in the original ecological area. The peak of adult mosquito density was in July, and the larval density peak was in June. Conclusion: the species richness and diversity index of mosquitoes are higher in the development zone and protozoa, and the population density of Culex tritaeniformis, the main vector of encephalitis B, is lower than that in the original ecological area due to the change of ecological environment in the development zone. However, the density of Anopheles minimus, which is the main vector of malaria, is relatively high. It is suggested that the health and epidemic prevention departments should attach great importance to it.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大理學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：R184
本文編號(hào)：2176297
[Abstract]:Objective: to study and compare the characteristics of mosquito communities and their important disease vector ecological habits in original ecological areas and development zones of Mengla County Yunnan Province in order to provide scientific basis for the study of population communities of mosquito vectors and the prevention and control of mosquito-borne diseases in the future. Methods from June to October of the peak period of vector activity in 2002 / 03, the human and cattle houses in two similar (Habitat) habitats in the original ecological area and the development zone were fixed with CDC (New Standard Night and Daytime Battery-Powered Traps) and UV (New Standard Miniature BlackLight (UV) Traps) mosquito trap lamp, respectively. Fixed-point entrapment collected all adult mosquito species at site observation points and classified and registered them. The larvae were fished by fixed, fixed and fixed-point fishing, and classified and counted after the two observation points were fished. Results from 2002 to 2003, 53 species of mosquitoes belonging to 8 genera, including 21 species of Anopheles (Genus Anopheles), 16 species of Culex (Genus Culex), 6 species of Aedes (Genus Aedes) and 5 species of (Genus Uranotaeniini), were found in this area. There are 2 species of (Genus Mansonia), 1 species of (Gunus Armigeres), 1 species of (Genus Mimomyia) and 1 species of (Genus Heizmannia). The number of Anopheles minimus was the largest, followed by Anopheles kopheri and Anopheles sinensis. Culex tritaeniorhynchus population is the largest in the genus Culex pipiens. The main species of Aedes is Aedes spp. The species of mosquitoes caught in the original ecological area and the development zone are different. There are no Anopheles pipiens, Culex albopictus, Culex pipiens, Aedes spinoides, Aedes aegypti, giant blue belt mosquito, and dimatite mosquito in the development zone. Anopheles ringspot, Anopheles albopictus, Culex albopictus and polycyclic mosquitoes were not found in primordial areas. In 2002-2003, 26 species of larval mosquitoes were found in the development zones and primordial areas, including 11 species of Anopheles and 11 species of Culex, There are 1 species of Aedes and 3 species of Blue Belt. The number of Anopheles sinensis larvae was the largest, followed by Anopheles minimus. Culex pipiens larvae and Culex tritaeniorhynchus populations are the largest in the genus Culex pipiens. The larva populations of Aedes and Blue Belt are relatively small. Compared with the larvae caught in the two habitats, there were no Anopheles kornii and Coriolis in the development zone, while there were no Culex chinensis, Culex nigra, Culex albopictus and Aedes in the primordial area. The seasonal comparison of population density between primordial areas and development zones is as follows: 1. The density of adult mosquito of Anopheles minimus was higher in the development zone than that in the original ecological area. The density of adult mosquito of Anopheles minimus appeared two peaks in July and September, respectively. This coincides with the two peaks of the larval density of Anopheles minimus in June and August, respectively. However, the adult density of Anopheles minimus reached a peak of 2. 2 in September in primordial areas. The density of adult mosquito of Culex tritaeniorhynchus was lower in the development zone than that in the original ecological area. The peak of adult mosquito density was in July, and the larval density peak was in June. Conclusion: the species richness and diversity index of mosquitoes are higher in the development zone and protozoa, and the population density of Culex tritaeniformis, the main vector of encephalitis B, is lower than that in the original ecological area due to the change of ecological environment in the development zone. However, the density of Anopheles minimus, which is the main vector of malaria, is relatively high. It is suggested that the health and epidemic prevention departments should attach great importance to it.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大理學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：R184
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