本文選題：吸毒人群 + 艾滋病��； 參考：《華中科技大學(xué)》2009年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的:了解武漢市吸毒人群的人口學(xué)特點、吸食毒品種類,注射吸毒的比例、共用針具情況,了解吸毒人群中艾滋病、梅毒、丙肝感染現(xiàn)狀與相關(guān)因素,掌握吸毒人群對艾滋病知識的了解以及態(tài)度和行為學(xué)特征,為制定和實施干預(yù)措施提供參考依據(jù),并干預(yù)效果的評估提供基礎(chǔ)資料。 方法:采用分類滾雪球非概率抽樣方法,從武漢市16家社區(qū)美沙酮藥物維持治療門診選取新入組且符合篩選條件的吸毒者,并從社區(qū)和自愿戒毒所招募符合篩選條件的吸毒者,進(jìn)行問卷調(diào)查,同時采集吸毒者的血樣。用ELISA方法檢測血清HIV、HCV抗體,用RPR方法檢測血清梅毒抗體。資料用EPIDATA3.1軟件錄入,用SAS8.2進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計分析。 結(jié)果:調(diào)查共收集問卷445份,采集血樣411份,問卷與血樣匹配份數(shù)為408份,問卷有效率為91.69%;吸毒人群平均年齡為38歲,70%以上沒有固定職業(yè),大部分人在婚,文化程度以初中居多,95%以上的人在武漢市居住時間在2年以上。吸毒人群對“蚊蟲叮咬不會傳播艾滋病病毒”這一問題回答正確率為44.78%,其余知識問題回答正確率達(dá)70%。 第一次吸毒的平均年齡為27歲。海洛因使用率最高,為94.68%;77.26%的吸毒人群曾注射過毒品,第一次注射毒品的平均年齡為29歲;曾經(jīng)注射過毒品的吸毒者中,16.55%的吸毒者與他人共用過針具。 最近一年,吸毒人群與臨時性伴性行為發(fā)生率為20.15%,與臨時性伴發(fā)生性行為時安全套使用率為40.24%;通過商業(yè)性伴獲得商業(yè)性行為的發(fā)生率為7.43%,吸毒者為他人提供商業(yè)性服務(wù)的發(fā)生率為1.74%。 本次調(diào)查梅毒陽性人數(shù)為22人,陽性率為5.39%,丙肝陽性人數(shù)為315人,陽性率為77.21%,女性感染梅毒的危險性大于男性,OR=7.100;注射過毒品、在戒毒所參與戒毒過(即重復(fù)吸毒者)的吸毒人員感染丙肝的危險性大于未注射吸毒、未戒毒過的吸毒人群,OR值分別為23.967、2.748。 結(jié)論:不同人口學(xué)特征的吸毒人群在使用毒品、注射毒品、共用針具、臨時性行為、丙肝感染現(xiàn)狀等均有顯著的差異,因此,要結(jié)合吸毒人群的特征開展干預(yù)活動,吸毒人群梅毒、丙肝感染率均顯著高于普通人群,應(yīng)采取相應(yīng)的預(yù)防措施,減少吸毒人群共用針具與不安全性行為。
[Abstract]:Objective: to understand the demographic characteristics of drug users in Wuhan, the types of drugs used, the proportion of injecting drug users, the situation of sharing needles, and the current situation and related factors of AIDS, syphilis and hepatitis C infection among drug users. To grasp the knowledge of AIDS and the characteristics of attitude and behavior of drug users, to provide reference for the formulation and implementation of intervention measures, and to provide basic data for the evaluation of intervention effects. Methods: using classified snowball non-probabilistic sampling method, 16 community methadone drug maintenance outpatient clinics in Wuhan City were selected from 16 community methadone drug maintenance treatment outpatients who met the screening criteria, and the drug users who met the screening criteria were recruited from community and voluntary drug treatment centers. A questionnaire survey was conducted and blood samples of drug addicts were collected at the same time. ELISA method was used to detect HIV / HCV antibody and RPR method was used to detect syphilis antibody. The data were recorded by EPIDATA3.1 software and analyzed by SAS8.2. Results: a total of 445 questionnaires were collected, 411 blood samples were collected and 408 matched with blood samples. The effective rate of the questionnaire was 91.690.The average age of drug addicts was over 38 years old and 70% had no fixed occupation, and most of them were married. More than 95% of the middle school students lived in Wuhan for more than 2 years. The correct rate of answer to the question "mosquito bite will not spread HIV" among drug addicts is 44.78 and the answer rate of other knowledge questions is 70. The average age of first drug use was 27. The rate of heroin use was the highest, 94.68% and 77.26% of the drug users had injected drugs, and the average age of the first injection was 29 years, and 16.55% of the drug users who had injected drugs had shared needles with others. Last year, The prevalence of sexual intercourse between drug addicts and temporary partners was 20.15, and the rate of condom use was 40.24.The rate of obtaining commercial sex through commercial partners was 7.43, and the rate of drug addicts providing commercial sexual services for others was 1.74. The number of syphilis positive was 22, the positive rate was 5.39, the positive rate of hepatitis C was 315, the positive rate was 77.21. The risk of syphilis infection in women was higher than that in men. The risk of hepatitis C infection among drug users who had participated in drug rehabilitation centers was higher than that of non-injecting drug users. The OR value of drug users who had not been detoxified was 23.967 鹵2.748. Conclusion: there are significant differences in drug use, injection drug use, needle sharing, temporary behavior and status of hepatitis C infection among drug users with different demographic characteristics. Therefore, intervention activities should be carried out in combination with the characteristics of drug users. The infection rates of syphilis and hepatitis C in drug addicts were significantly higher than those in the general population. The corresponding preventive measures should be taken to reduce the sharing of needles and unsafe sex among drug users.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：R181.3

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 倪明建,趙爾民;吸毒人群艾滋病防治干預(yù)研究[J];地方病通報;2005年02期

2 錢曉紅;張斗琴;李東會;陳春霞;;健康教育是預(yù)防艾滋病的有效措施[J];地方病通報;2007年05期

3 林鵬,劉勇鷹,王曄,付笑冰,許銳恒,萬卓越,顏瑾,趙茜茜;廣東省珠江三角洲地區(qū)吸毒者HIV感染狀況調(diào)查[J];華南預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué);2003年02期

4 李化榮;吸毒人群艾滋病知識調(diào)查[J];醫(yī)藥論壇雜志;2004年20期

5 劉志權(quán),張巧利,夏憲照,王曉霞;東莞市2004年吸毒人群艾滋病監(jiān)測結(jié)果分析[J];疾病監(jiān)測;2005年02期

6 陳良寬;李文杰;麥榮建;劉昌錦;范子凡;陳振奮;馮進(jìn)龐;;吸毒人群針具交換干預(yù)預(yù)防艾滋病傳播的效果評價[J];中國熱帶醫(yī)學(xué);2007年11期

7 趙金仙,趙立慶,李順祥,陳良,雷素娟;吸毒人群行為特征及艾滋病知識調(diào)查[J];實用預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué);2003年02期

8 趙煜君,劉新鳳,彭平,李玉慧,石林;甘肅省1995～1999年艾滋病監(jiān)測分析[J];中國艾滋病性病;2000年03期

9 羊海濤,劉光中,倪大新,賈成梅;江蘇省1986～1999年HIV監(jiān)測情況分析[J];中國艾滋病性病;2000年05期

10 林矛,林鵬,李暉,曾常紅,王曄,李艷;廣東省HIV/AIDS流行病學(xué)研究[J];中國艾滋病性病;2001年01期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 曹曉蘊;四川省西昌市暗娼HIV/STDs感染及其危險因素研究[D];蘇州大學(xué);2006年

2 夏強;深圳市工廠外來務(wù)工人員艾滋病相關(guān)知識、態(tài)度現(xiàn)況及影響因素分析[D];中南大學(xué);2007年

，

本文編號：1859500