本文選題：甲乙類傳染病 + 發(fā)病率��； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2009年碩士論文

【摘要】： 隨著經(jīng)濟全球化和人員流動的增多,加快了傳染性疾病的傳播和蔓延。我國面臨著新老傳染病的雙重威脅,少數(shù)傳染病將被消滅,已經(jīng)基本控制的傳染病又卷土重來,新傳染病不斷被陸續(xù)發(fā)現(xiàn)。近年有多起重大傳染性疾病的爆發(fā)流行,例如被稱為“20世紀(jì)瘟疫”的艾滋病,自1981年在美國首次報道以來,其病例已遍及197個國家和地區(qū),某些發(fā)展中國家艾滋病的流行幾乎影響到民族的存亡;2003年初,突如其來的傳染性非典型肺炎作為21世紀(jì)人類面臨的第一個未知傳染病,自2002年11月16日在我國廣東佛山市出現(xiàn)“首例病人”后,以全球化為基礎(chǔ),短期內(nèi)蔓延流行開來,演化為全球性公共性危機,引起全世界的震動和關(guān)注。 以往,多對單一傳染病的一定階段的監(jiān)測資料進行分析,未曾對各種傳染病監(jiān)測資料進行總體發(fā)病形勢的分析,缺乏對甲乙類傳染病發(fā)病全面、系統(tǒng)的了解;本次通過對2004—2008年甲乙類傳染病監(jiān)測資料的分析,了解長春市寬城區(qū)甲乙類傳染病的發(fā)病水平及構(gòu)成,探索影響傳染病消長的相關(guān)因素,總結(jié)防治經(jīng)驗,為制定衛(wèi)生政策提供科學(xué)依據(jù),為其他相關(guān)政策的制定提供基礎(chǔ)資料。 分析結(jié)果顯示:1、2004—2008年寬城區(qū)累計報告甲、乙類傳染病14種,總計發(fā)病數(shù)5861例,發(fā)病率為239.03/10萬,死亡人數(shù)共6例,死亡率為0.245/10萬。發(fā)病率有下降趨勢。2、肝炎、肺結(jié)核、痢疾、麻疹、淋病、梅毒以及猩紅熱分別在各年排在發(fā)病率的前五位,出現(xiàn)死亡病例的傳染病為流腦、肺結(jié)核及AIDS/HIV三種。3、寬城區(qū)2004—2008年法定報告甲乙類傳染病發(fā)病以消化道傳染病為主,消化道傳染病與呼吸道傳染病占發(fā)病總數(shù)的80%以上,性傳播傳染病排在第三位,先降后升。4、發(fā)病年齡相對有兩個發(fā)病高峰,分別為20—30歲及75歲以上,20—30歲之間的發(fā)病人數(shù)1246人,占發(fā)病總數(shù)的21.3%,發(fā)病率為275.21/10萬。5、2004—2008年各年度男性發(fā)病率均高于女性發(fā)病率。6、2004—2008年甲乙類傳染病發(fā)病職業(yè)構(gòu)成,以其它類的構(gòu)成比例最高,其次為家務(wù)及待業(yè)類,排在第三位的是工人類。
[Abstract]:With the economic globalization and the increase of personnel mobility, the spread and spread of infectious diseases have been accelerated. China is faced with the double threat of new and old infectious diseases, a few infectious diseases will be eliminated, the already basically controlled infectious diseases have made a comeback, and new infectious diseases have been discovered one after another. In recent years, there have been many outbreaks of major infectious diseases, such as AIDS, known as the "twentieth century plague". Since it was first reported in the United States in 1981, its cases have spread to 197 countries and regions. The AIDS epidemic in some developing countries almost affected the survival of the nation. In early 2003, the sudden outbreak of infectious atypical pneumonia was the first unknown infectious disease facing mankind in the 21st century. Since the first patient appeared in Foshan City, Guangdong Province on November 16, 2002, based on globalization, it has spread and become popular in a short period of time, and has evolved into a global public crisis, which has aroused worldwide shock and attention. In the past, most of the monitoring data of a single infectious disease were analyzed, but the general incidence situation of each infectious disease was not analyzed, and there was a lack of comprehensive and systematic understanding of the incidence of A and B infectious diseases. Based on the analysis of surveillance data of class A and B infectious diseases from 2004 to 2008, the incidence level and composition of class A and B infectious diseases in Kuancheng District of Changchun City were studied, the relevant factors affecting the growth and decline of infectious diseases were explored, and the experiences of prevention and control were summarized. To provide scientific basis for the formulation of health policy and provide basic data for other related policies. The results show that 14 kinds of class B infectious diseases were reported in Kuancheng District from 2004 to 2008, with a total incidence of 5861 cases, the incidence rate of 239.03 / 10 million, and the total death toll of 6 cases, with a mortality rate of 0.245% / 100 000. The incidence of hepatitis, tuberculosis, dysentery, measles, gonorrhea, syphilis and scarlet fever were among the top five in each year. Three kinds of tuberculosis and AIDS/HIV. 3. The incidence of A and B infectious diseases in Kuancheng District from 2004 to 2008 was mainly alimentary tract infectious diseases, digestive tract infectious diseases and respiratory infectious diseases accounted for more than 80% of the total incidence, sexually transmitted infectious diseases ranked the third place. There were two peaks in the age of onset, namely, 1246 people aged 20-30 years and over 75 years old, and the number of patients aged 20-30 years old, and the number of patients aged 20 to 30 years old. The incidence rate of male was higher than that of female in 2004-2008. The occupational composition of the incidence of class A and B infectious diseases in 2004-2008 was higher than that of female, and the proportion of other categories was the highest, followed by household and waiting for work. In third place are the workers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：R181.8

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