本文選題：嬰幼兒 + 維生素A��； 參考：《青島大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 目的觀察補(bǔ)充維生素A(VA)對嬰幼兒乙肝疫苗再免疫效果的影響。方法2008年10月-2009年3月間,在山東臨沂農(nóng)村地區(qū)某鄉(xiāng),招募該鄉(xiāng)所有按國家計(jì)劃免疫常規(guī)全程接種過乙肝疫苗且父母無乙肝病史的7-36月齡嬰幼兒,檢測其血清抗乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原抗體(抗-HBs)濃度,對其中100名血清抗-HBs水平較低的嬰幼兒,隨機(jī)分組,進(jìn)行隨機(jī)、雙盲、安慰劑對照的VA干預(yù)試驗(yàn)。VA補(bǔ)充期3個月,采用市售魚肝油作為VA補(bǔ)充劑,每15d補(bǔ)充一次,每次2.5萬IU,共補(bǔ)充6次；對照組給予等體積玉米油。在干預(yù)試驗(yàn)開始后的第30d和第60d,給嬰幼兒進(jìn)行乙肝疫苗再免疫接種,第90天采集嬰幼兒血清樣本。用高效液相色譜法(HPLC)測定干預(yù)試驗(yàn)前后嬰幼兒血清VA濃度。用電化學(xué)發(fā)光免疫分析法(ECLIA)測定血清抗-HBs水平。結(jié)果完成全程干預(yù)試驗(yàn)的嬰幼兒共74名,試驗(yàn)組和對照組各37名,其中失訪16例(試驗(yàn)組9例,對照組7例),剔除自行額外服用含VA營養(yǎng)補(bǔ)充劑者7例(試驗(yàn)組2例,對照組5例),采血失敗3例(試驗(yàn)組2例,對照組1例)。兩組兒童干預(yù)前血清VA水平和抗-HBs水平無差異(均為P0.05)。干預(yù)后,VA補(bǔ)充組兒童的血清VA濃度、血清抗-HBs水平皆高于對照組(404.1±123.1μg/L vs240.8±92.8μg/L和2737.2±2492.6 mIU/mL vs 1199.7±2141.6 mIU/mL,均為P0.05)。VA補(bǔ)充組乙肝疫苗弱、無應(yīng)答率(0)低于對照組(4%)。結(jié)論補(bǔ)充VA可顯著提高嬰幼兒乙肝疫苗再免疫后血清抗-HBs水平,顯示VA營養(yǎng)狀況是確保乙肝疫苗效果的重要因素。 目的了解中國部分大城市嬰幼兒的喂養(yǎng)現(xiàn)狀,為開展改善嬰幼兒喂養(yǎng)狀況的營養(yǎng)宣教提供依據(jù)。方法在北京、天津及青島三市的各兩所大型三甲醫(yī)院的預(yù)防保健門診,對前來進(jìn)行預(yù)防接種的1773例5-14月齡嬰幼兒的家長進(jìn)行了喂養(yǎng)狀況的問卷調(diào)查,同時測量嬰幼兒生長發(fā)育指標(biāo)。結(jié)果調(diào)查的嬰幼兒群體性別分布均衡,平均年齡為9.1±2.3月齡,青島嬰幼兒月齡稍高,嬰幼兒生長發(fā)育適宜者1246例(70.3%,其中北京431例,天津385例,青島430例)。三城市嬰幼兒出生后吃的第一口食物按所占比例的多少,依次為嬰兒配方奶、白水、母乳、糖水、牛奶,北京依次為母乳、嬰兒配方奶等；天津依次為白水、糖水等；青島依次為嬰幼兒配方奶、母乳等。三城市嬰幼兒基本純母乳喂養(yǎng)時間平均持續(xù)2.8個月,青島平均持續(xù)2.5個月,北京平均持續(xù)3.3個月,天津平均持續(xù)3.8個月；三城市嬰幼兒母乳喂養(yǎng)持續(xù)時間平均為7.1個月,青島為7.3個月,北京6.4個月,天津7.6個月；。三城市嬰幼兒6個月母乳喂養(yǎng)率為89.6%(1588人,其中北京574人,天津461人,青島553人),6個月基本純母乳喂養(yǎng)率為33.6%(597例,其中北京115例,天津253例,青島553例)。輔食添加的第一種食物按其所占比例的多少,依次為蛋黃、米粉、果(菜)汁、自制其他食物。嬰幼兒服用的營養(yǎng)素補(bǔ)充劑換按其所占比例的多少,依次為維生素AD、鈣、益生菌、DHA、鋅、鐵、牛初乳、蛋白粉、其他,北京依次為鈣、維生素AD、益生菌、鋅等,天津依次為維生素AD、鈣、益生菌、鐵等,青島依次為維生素AD、鈣、DHA、鋅等。結(jié)論三城市部分嬰幼兒中仍存在著喂養(yǎng)不合理的問題,需要給予相應(yīng)的營養(yǎng)宣傳和教育。
[Abstract]:Objective To observe the effect of vitamin A (VA) on the effect of re immunization of hepatitis B vaccine in infants. Methods in a rural area of Linyi, Shandong, in October 2008, in a rural area of Linyi, Shandong, all the children of the country were recruited to be vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine and the parents had no history of hepatitis B in the whole course of the national planned immunization. Virus surface antigen antibody (anti -HBs) concentration, randomly divided 100 infants with low serum anti -HBs level, randomized, double blind, placebo controlled VA intervention test for 3 months, using commercial cod liver oil as a VA supplement, supplemented once per 15d, 25 thousand IU each time, supplemented 6 times; and the control group was given equal volume of corn. Oil. After the intervention test started 30d and 60d, the infants were vaccinated for hepatitis B vaccine, and the serum samples were collected for ninetieth days. The serum VA concentration was measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) before and after the intervention test. The serum anti -HBs level was measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA). The whole course intervention was completed. There were 74 infants in the test, 37 in the experimental group and the control group, of which 16 cases were lost (9 cases in the test group and 7 cases in the control group), and 7 cases (2 cases in the experimental group and 5 cases in the control group) were removed, 3 (2 cases in the experimental group and 1 in the control group), and there was no difference between the serum level and the anti -HBs level of the serum and the anti -HBs level before the intervention of the children in the two group (all P 0.05). After the intervention, the serum VA concentration in the VA supplementation group and the serum anti -HBs level were higher than those in the control group (404.1 + 123.1 mu g/L vs240.8 + g/L and 2737.2 + 2492.6 mIU/mL vs 1199.7 + 2141.6 mIU/mL, all P0.05).VA supplementation group, and the non response rate (0) was lower than that of the control group (4%). Conclusion supplementary VA could significantly improve the hepatitis B epidemic in infants and young children. The level of serum anti -HBs after revaccination showed that VA nutritional status is an important factor to ensure the efficacy of hepatitis B vaccine.
Objective to understand the feeding status of infants and infants in some large cities in China, and to provide the basis for nutrition education to improve the feeding status of infants. Methods the feeding status of 1773 cases of 5-14 month old infants and young children who were vaccinated in two large three A hospitals in three cities of Beijing, Tianjin and Qingdao were given. The gender distribution of infants and young children was balanced, the average age was 9.1 + 2.3 months old, the age of infants in Qingdao was slightly higher, and 1246 cases were suitable for infant growth and development (70.3% in Beijing, 431 in Beijing, 385 in Tianjin, 430 in Qingdao). The first food for infants and young children after birth. According to the proportion of the proportion of the infant formula milk, white water, breast milk, sugar water, milk, Beijing in turn is breast milk, infant formula milk and so on; Tianjin in turn is white water, sugar water and so on; Qingdao in turn is infant formula milk, breast milk and so on. The average time of basic breastfeeding in three cities and young children lasted for 2.8 months, and the average of Qingdao lasted 2.5 months. Beijing lasted 3.3 months on average, and Tianjin lasted for 3.8 months on average; the duration of breast feeding in three cities for infants was 7.1 months, Qingdao was 7.3 months, Beijing was 6.4 months, and Tianjin was 7.6 months. The breastfeeding rate of three cities for 6 months was 89.6% (1588, Beijing 574, Tianjin 461, Qingdao 553). The feeding rate was 33.6% (597 cases, of which 115 cases in Beijing, 253 in Tianjin, 553 in Qingdao). The first food added by the supplementary food was the egg yolk, rice flour, fruit (vegetable) juice and other food in turn. The nutrient supplements taken by infants and young children changed according to the proportion of vitamin AD, calcium, probiotics, DHA, zinc and iron, in turn. Bovine colostrum, protein powder, and other, Beijing in turn is calcium, vitamin AD, probiotics, zinc and so on. Tianjin in turn is vitamin AD, calcium, probiotics, iron and so on. Qingdao in turn is vitamin AD, calcium, DHA, zinc and so on. Conclusion in the three cities and children, there are still problems of feeding irrationality, and the corresponding nutrition publicity and education should be given.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：R186

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 華天懿;;維生素A缺乏對兒童生長發(fā)育的影響及我國兒童維生素A營養(yǎng)現(xiàn)狀[J];中國兒童保健雜志;2005年06期

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本文編號：1811424