本文關(guān)鍵詞： 傳染病 流行特征 發(fā)病率 構(gòu)成比　出處：《安徽醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目的分析銅陵縣2005-2009年法定傳染病流行特征,為政府制定防制策略提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。 方法將銅陵縣2005-2009年疾病監(jiān)測信息報告管理系統(tǒng)中報告的傳染病進(jìn)行整理,采用描述性流行病學(xué)方法對銅陵縣2005-2009年法定傳染病報告發(fā)病情況進(jìn)行分析。 結(jié)果2005-2009年共報告法定傳染病21種(不含手足口病、甲型H1N1流感)5007例,年平均報告發(fā)病率338.93/10萬,2005-2009年發(fā)病率依次為319.02/10萬、284.42/10萬、301.97/10萬、342.85/10萬、448.62/10萬,2009年發(fā)病率最高,總體呈上升趨勢。 乙類傳染病共報告16種2839例(不含甲型H1N1流感),年平均報告發(fā)病率192.17/10萬;丙類傳染病共報告5種2168例(不含手足口病),年平均報告發(fā)病率146.75/10萬;乙類傳染病報告發(fā)病率2009年低于丙類,其他年份均高于丙類,但發(fā)病率波動幅度不大;丙類傳染病一直呈上升趨勢,且2009年報告發(fā)病率高于乙類。 2005-2009年報告發(fā)病居前五位的病種分別為肺結(jié)核、其它感染性腹瀉、病毒性肝炎、流行性腮腺炎、淋病,共計報告4382例,占五年法定傳染病報告總數(shù)的87.52%。2005-2009年肺結(jié)核共報告1670例,年平均發(fā)病率113.04/10萬,農(nóng)民占75.57%。其它感染性腹瀉共報告1452例,年平均發(fā)病率98.29/10萬,5-8月份為發(fā)病高峰,占56.20%;0歲組報告相對較多,占21.49%;農(nóng)民發(fā)病最多,占31.82%。病毒性肝炎共報告530例,年平均發(fā)病率35.88/10萬,其中乙肝占80%;20-50歲年齡組發(fā)病較多,占71.70%;以農(nóng)民發(fā)病最多,占59.81%。流行性腮腺炎共報告488例,年平均發(fā)病率33.03/10萬,3-7月份為發(fā)病高峰,占70.70%;3-20歲發(fā)病最多,92.26%;學(xué)生占79.10%。淋病共報告242例,年平均報告率16.38/10萬,25-55歲年齡組占83.06%;農(nóng)民最多,占47.11%。 發(fā)病以呼吸道傳染病報告最多,2005-2009年共報告2465例,占總報告數(shù)的49.23%;其次是腸道傳染病,共報告1689例,占總報告數(shù)的33.73%;呼吸道傳染病、腸道傳染病2005-2009年共報告4154例,占總報告數(shù)的82.96%;血源及性傳播傳染病報告820例,占16.38%;自然疫源及蟲媒傳染病報告25例,占0.5%;其他途徑傳染病報告最少,共報告8例,占0.16%。腸道傳染病年平均發(fā)病率114.33%,除2008年有波動外,總體呈上升趨勢;呼吸道傳染病傳染病年平均發(fā)病率166.86%,除2005年有波動外,總體也呈上升趨勢;血源及性傳播傳染病2005-2008年一直在下降后2009年又開始回升;自然疫源及蟲媒傳染病、其他途徑傳染病一直在很低水平呈散發(fā)狀態(tài)。 2009年銅陵縣共報告風(fēng)疹病例184例,發(fā)病率61.73/10萬。高峰集中于3月中旬-4月上旬,年齡分布10-20年齡組發(fā)病較高,占72.28%;發(fā)病人群主要是中小學(xué)生,占79.89%。 2005-2009年梅毒共報告141例,年平均發(fā)病率13.24/10萬。2005-2007年呈下降趨勢,而后開始上升。發(fā)病年齡主要以25-50年齡組為主,共報告105例,占總數(shù)的74.47%,發(fā)病職業(yè)人群主要是農(nóng)民,共報告71例,占50.35%。 2005-2009年痢疾共報告136例,均為細(xì)菌性痢疾,年平均發(fā)病率9.21/10萬。2005-2007年呈上升趨勢,而后開始下降。5-8月份共報告75例,占全部病例的55.15%;發(fā)病年齡中0-2歲組發(fā)病相對較多,共報告30例,占報告總數(shù)的22.06%。發(fā)病職業(yè)人群中農(nóng)民最多,共報告56例,占41.18%。 2009年報告的64例流行性感冒全部發(fā)生在下半年8-12月份,發(fā)病高峰主要集中在8-9月,共報告41例,占2009年全部病例的64.06%。2009年流行性感冒發(fā)病年齡主要是4-20歲年齡組,共報告53例,占82.81%。職業(yè)主要以學(xué)生為主,共報告42例,占65.63%。 銅陵縣麻疹發(fā)病高峰主要在3-5月份,共報告39例,占報告病例數(shù)的63.93%。發(fā)病年齡組主要以0歲組為主,共報告30例,占49.19%;其次為15 -40歲人群,共報告27例,占44.26%;職業(yè)主要以散居兒童為主,共報告31例,占50.82%;其次為農(nóng)民10例,占16.39%。 銅陵縣手足口病2008-2009年共報告468例,發(fā)病高峰在4-6月份;農(nóng)村居住兒童發(fā)病發(fā)病較多,共報告393例,占83.97%;散居兒童占61.75%,0-5歲年齡組兒童發(fā)病占95.09%。 2009年共報告甲型H1N1流感106例,9月下旬、11月中旬、12月上旬分別有個發(fā)病高峰,學(xué)生占81.13%,5-20歲年齡組發(fā)病占報告病例數(shù)的83.02%。 結(jié)論腸道與呼吸道傳染病占有很大比重,今后防病工作重點仍是腸道與呼吸道傳染病。丙類傳染病一直呈上升趨勢,應(yīng)加強(qiáng)對丙類傳染病工作的防控。繼續(xù)加強(qiáng)對未發(fā)生傳染病的監(jiān)測工作,加強(qiáng)對法定傳染病之外的傳染病的監(jiān)測工作,加強(qiáng)對新增法定傳染病或新發(fā)傳染病的防控工作。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the epidemic characteristics of the legal infectious diseases in Tongling County for 2005-2009 years, and to provide scientific basis for the government to formulate the control strategy.
Methods the infectious diseases reported in the 2005-2009 years' disease surveillance information reporting system in Tongling county were sorted out, and the incidence of notifiable infectious diseases in Tongling County in 2005-2009 years was analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method.
Results a total of 2005-2009 years of legal infectious disease report 21 (not including the hand foot and mouth disease, influenza a H1N1) in 5007 cases, the average annual reported incidence rate of 338.93/10 million, 2005-2009 year incidence rate were 319.02/10 million, 284.42/10 million, 301.97/10 million, 342.85/10 million, 448.62/10 million in 2009, the incidence rate is highest, the overall upward trend.
Class B infectious diseases were reported in 16 of 2839 cases (excluding H1N1 influenza), the average annual reported incidence rate of 192.17/10 million; class C infectious diseases were reported in 5 of 2168 cases (excluding HFMD), the average annual reported incidence rate of 146.75/10 million; B report the incidence of infectious diseases of class C is lower than the rate in 2009. The other two years higher than Class C, but the incidence of small fluctuations; class C infectious diseases have been increasing, and the reported incidence in 2009 higher than B.
2005-2009 years of reported incidence of the top five diseases were tuberculosis and other infectious diarrhea, viral hepatitis, mumps, gonorrhea, a total of 4382 cases, accounting for five of the total annual report of notifiable infectious diseases in 87.52%.2005-2009 pulmonary tuberculosis 1670 cases were reported, the average annual incidence rate of 113.04/10 million, accounting for 75.57%. of other farmers infectious diarrhea in 1452 cases were reported, the average annual incidence rate of 98.29/10 million, 5-8 months is the peak incidence, accounting for 56.20%; 0 years old group reported relatively more, accounted for 21.49%; farmers accounted for the highest incidence of hepatitis 31.82%. virus were reported in 530 cases, the average annual incidence rate of 35.88/10 million, which accounted for 80% of hepatitis B; 20-50 year old age group the incidence is more, accounted for 71.70%; with the highest incidence of farmers, accounting for 59.81%. of mumps reported a total of 488 cases, the average annual incidence rate of 33.03/10 million, 3-7 months is the peak incidence, accounted for 70.70%; the onset of 3-20 years, 92.26% students accounted for 79.10%. of gonorrhea; A total of 242 cases were reported, with an average annual reporting rate of 16.38/10 million, and 83.06% of the 25-55 year old age group, and the largest number of farmers, accounting for 47.11%..
The incidence of respiratory infectious disease report up to 2005-2009 years, reported a total of 2465 cases, accounting for 49.23% of total reported number; followed by intestinal infectious diseases, 1689 cases were reported, accounting for 33.73% of the total number of reports; respiratory infectious diseases, intestinal infectious diseases were reported in 2005-2009 years in 4154 cases, accounting for 82.96% of total reported number of infectious disease report; blood and sexually transmitted 820 cases, accounting for 16.38%; the report of infectious diseases and insect borne natural foci in 25 cases, accounting for 0.5%; other ways of infectious disease report at least, reported a total of 8 cases, accounting for 0.16%. of intestinal infectious diseases the average annual incidence rate of 114.33%, in 2008 there are fluctuations, the overall upward trend; infectious disease of respiratory tract infectious diseases in average the incidence rate of 166.86%, in 2005 there are fluctuations, the overall upward trend; blood and sexually transmitted diseases for 2005-2008 years has been in decline after 2009 began to rise; natural foci and insect borne infectious diseases, infectious diseases have been the other way at a very low level in Emanate.
In 2009, a total of 184 cases of rubella were reported in Tongling County, with an incidence of 61.73/10 million. The peak was concentrated in the middle of March -4, and the age distribution was 10-20. The age group had a high incidence, accounting for 72.28%. The main population was primary and secondary school students, accounting for 79.89%..
In 2005-2009 years, 141 cases of syphilis were reported. The annual incidence rate was 13.24/10 million,.2005-2007 showed a downward trend, and then began to rise. The age of onset was mainly 25-50 age groups. 105 cases were reported, accounting for 74.47% of the total. The occupational population was mainly farmers, and 71 cases were reported, accounting for 50.35%..
2005-2009 years of dysentery were reported in 136 cases, both for bacterial dysentery, the average annual incidence rate of 9.21/10 million.2005-2007 year upward trend, and then began to decline in the month of.5-8 reported a total of 75 cases, accounting for 55.15% of the total cases; 0-2 more years of age group of age of onset, 30 cases were reported, accounting for the total number of reported incidence of 22.06%. occupation the crowd most farmers, reported a total of 56 cases, accounting for 41.18%.
64 cases of influenza in 2009 report all occurred in the second half of the 8-12 months, the peak incidence occurred in 8-9 months, 41 cases were reported in 2009, accounting for all cases of 64.06%.2009 influenza in the age of onset is 4-20 year old age group, 53 cases were reported, accounting for 82.81%. occupation mainly students, reported a total of 42 for example, 65.63%.
The peak incidence of measles in Tongling County in 3-5 months, 39 cases were reported, 63.93%. age group accounted for the number of cases reported mainly in the 0 year old group, 30 cases were reported, accounting for 49.19%; followed by 15-40 year olds, 27 cases were reported, accounting for 44.26%; occupation mainly scattered children. 31 cases were reported, accounting for 50.82%; followed by farmers in 10 cases, accounting for 16.39%.
468 cases of hand foot and mouth disease were reported in Tongling 2008-2009 years ago. The peak incidence was 4-6 months. The incidence of children living in rural areas was more than that. 393 cases were reported, accounting for 83.97%, scattered children accounted for 61.75%, and children in 0-5 years old group accounted for 95.09%..
A total of 106 cases of influenza A (H1N1) were reported in 2009. There was a peak in late September, mid November and early December. The incidence of influenza A (81.13%) and 5-20 years old group accounted for 83.02%. of the reported cases.
Conclusion intestinal and respiratory tract infectious disease prevention work occupies a large proportion, the future is still the focus of intestinal and respiratory infectious disease. C Class infectious diseases have been increasing, should strengthen the prevention and control of infectious diseases of class C work. To continue to strengthen the monitoring work without the occurrence of infectious diseases, strengthen the monitoring of infectious diseases outside the legal infectious disease to strengthen the new, infectious disease or new infectious disease prevention and control work.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：R181.3

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