本文關(guān)鍵詞： 醫(yī)院感染 消毒 滅菌 效果評(píng)價(jià)　出處：《山西醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2006年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 目的:醫(yī)院是各種病人和病原體攜帶者匯集的場(chǎng)所,眾多的病原體可通過(guò)院內(nèi)環(huán)境空氣、物體表面、醫(yī)護(hù)人員手、使用中消毒劑、醫(yī)療器械設(shè)備等多種途徑由患者傳播給其他病人,醫(yī)務(wù)人員和探視者,從而造成醫(yī)院感染,所以認(rèn)真做好醫(yī)院消毒工作,及時(shí)殺滅外環(huán)境中的病原微生物,可大大降低醫(yī)院內(nèi)感染的發(fā)生率。通過(guò)對(duì)山西省省直35所不同規(guī)模醫(yī)院的消毒滅菌質(zhì)量進(jìn)行5年的動(dòng)態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)與調(diào)查,綜合分析省直各類(lèi)醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)消毒效果,找出相關(guān)影響因素,從而為降低醫(yī)院內(nèi)感染的發(fā)生率提供依據(jù)。以達(dá)到促進(jìn)消毒質(zhì)量的提高,減少醫(yī)源性感染的發(fā)生。 方法:監(jiān)測(cè)環(huán)境為醫(yī)院內(nèi)的手術(shù)室、供應(yīng)室、母嬰同室、注射室(液療中心)、處置室、ICU。監(jiān)測(cè)項(xiàng)目為空氣、物體表面、手、使用中消毒劑和壓力蒸氣滅菌器滅菌效果。樣品采集遵循隨機(jī)的原則。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)采樣、檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果判定均按照衛(wèi)生部頒布的《消毒技術(shù)規(guī)范》、《醫(yī)院消毒衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》GBl5982 -1995、《消毒與滅菌的評(píng)價(jià)方法與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》GBl5981- 1995的要求進(jìn)行。 結(jié)果:監(jiān)測(cè)資料均來(lái)源于2001～2005年山西省省直不同規(guī)模醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)35所連續(xù)5年消毒與滅菌效果的監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)。2001～2005共監(jiān)測(cè)采樣8669份,合格7856份,總合格率為90.62%,其中Ⅰ類(lèi)醫(yī)院合格率為90.05%,Ⅱ類(lèi)醫(yī)院合格率為91.58%,Ⅲ類(lèi)醫(yī)院合格率為94.28%,Ⅳ類(lèi)醫(yī)院合格率為84.19%�？諝夂细衤蕿�79.99%;物體表面合格率為75.65%;醫(yī)護(hù)人員合格率為83.10%;使用中消毒液合格率為92.99%;壓力蒸氣滅菌器滅菌效果監(jiān)測(cè)合格率為98.01%。手術(shù)室監(jiān)測(cè)合格率為95.25%;供應(yīng)室監(jiān)測(cè)合格率為88.71%;母嬰同室監(jiān)測(cè)合格率為90.07%;注射室(液療中心)監(jiān)測(cè)合格率為82.23%;處置室監(jiān)測(cè)合格率為85.08%;ICU監(jiān)測(cè)合格率為94.69%;化驗(yàn)室監(jiān)測(cè)合格率為86.64%。春季監(jiān)測(cè)合格率為88.00%;夏季監(jiān)測(cè)合格率為85.95%;秋季監(jiān)測(cè)合格率為91.00%;冬季監(jiān)測(cè)合格率為91.99%。 結(jié)論:從監(jiān)測(cè)結(jié)果可以看出不同規(guī)模的醫(yī)院、不同的環(huán)境和不同的監(jiān)測(cè)對(duì)象,消毒與滅菌效果質(zhì)量是不同的,差異存在顯著性。這與醫(yī)院規(guī)模、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)是否重視以及醫(yī)院經(jīng)濟(jì)效益、管理水平和消毒專(zhuān)業(yè)人員業(yè)務(wù)能力的高低密切相關(guān)。目前的現(xiàn)狀是不同規(guī)模醫(yī)院和不同監(jiān)測(cè)對(duì)象的消毒與滅菌效果還存在一定差距和問(wèn)題,仍需今后進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)監(jiān)測(cè)與管理。
[Abstract]:Objective: hospital is a collection of various patients and carriers of pathogens, many pathogens can be passed through the hospital ambient air, object surface, medical staff hands, in use of disinfectants, Medical equipment and other means are transmitted from patients to other patients, medical personnel and visitors, resulting in nosocomial infections. So we should do a good job of disinfection in hospitals and kill pathogenic microorganisms in the external environment in a timely manner. It can greatly reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection. Through dynamic monitoring and investigation of disinfection and sterilization quality in 35 hospitals of different sizes in Shanxi Province for 5 years, the disinfection effect of all kinds of medical institutions in Shanxi Province is comprehensively analyzed, and relevant influencing factors are found out. So as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection, improve the quality of disinfection and reduce the incidence of iatrogenic infection. Methods: the monitoring environment was operating room, supply room, mother and child room, injection room (liquid therapy center), disposal room (ICU). The monitoring items were air, object surface, hand, and so on. Sterilization effect of disinfectants and pressure steam sterilizers in use. Sampling followed random principles. Standard sampling. The results were determined according to the requirements of the Technical Specification for Disinfection issued by the Ministry of Health, the hygienic Standard of Disinfection in Hospitals, GBl5982 -1995, and the Evaluation methods and Standards of Disinfection and Sterilization, GBl5981-1995. Results: all the monitoring data were collected from 35 medical institutions of different sizes in Shanxi Province from 2001 to 2005. The monitoring data of disinfection and sterilization effect for 5 years were 8 669 samples and 7 856 eligible samples. The total qualified rate was 90.62, among which the qualified rate of class 鈪，

本文編號(hào)：1510623