發(fā)布時間：2018-02-12 21:17

  本文關鍵詞： 結(jié)核 疾病暴發(fā)流行 公共衛(wèi)生 組織和管理　出處：《中國學校衛(wèi)生》2017年12期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：目的探討合肥市學校結(jié)核病聚集性疫情發(fā)生的因素及應急處置措施的適宜性,為采取更有效的應對措施提供參考。方法回顧性分析合肥市2011—2016年7起學校結(jié)核病聚集性疫情發(fā)生情況,開展密切接觸者篩查,了解感染者、患者等處置情況。結(jié)果 2011—2016年合肥市共發(fā)生結(jié)核病聚集性疫情7起,其中突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件5起。首診患者最短延誤時間43 d,最長231 d;延誤時間中位數(shù)最長的是診斷延誤34 d,最短的是處置延誤4 d。密切接觸者中患者檢出率為5.05%,一般接觸者中檢出率為0.98%,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(χ~2=52.115,P0.01),隨訪發(fā)現(xiàn)患者16例。PPD篩查發(fā)現(xiàn)各校密切接觸者PPD陽性率為5.51%~29.41%;擴大篩查PPD陽性率為0~11.19%,平均4.21%,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(χ~2=52.117,P0.01)。7起疫情均采取了相應措施,5起疫情邀請專家組會診并開展預防性治療。結(jié)論肺結(jié)核患者早期發(fā)現(xiàn)是控制結(jié)核病聚集性疫情發(fā)生的基本手段,暴露關系與PPD試驗相結(jié)合是評價結(jié)核潛伏感染的有效手段;建立必要的疫情會診制度,有助于盡早控制學校結(jié)核病聚集性疫情的擴散和蔓延。
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the factors of the aggregation epidemic of school tuberculosis in Hefei city and the suitability of emergency measures to deal with it. Methods A retrospective analysis was made on the incidence of 7 school tuberculosis cases in Hefei from 2011 to 2016, and close contacts were screened to understand the infected persons. Results from 2011 to 2016, there were 7 cases of concentrated tuberculosis epidemic in Hefei, The shortest delay time was 43 days, the longest was 231 days, the median delay was 34 days in diagnosis and the shortest in treatment delay was 4 days. The detection rate of patients in close contact was 5.05. The positive rate of PPD was 0.98 in those who were in close contact with each school (蠂 ~ 22.115 / P 0.01), and the positive rate of PPD was 5.51 ~ 29.41% in close contacts of all schools, and the positive rate of PPD in expanded screening was 0 ~ 11.19 with an average of 4.21. The difference was statistically significant (蠂 ~ (2 / 22) / 52.117 / P 0.01 / 7). All of them have taken corresponding measures to invite experts to consult and carry out preventive treatment. Conclusion early detection of pulmonary tuberculosis is the basic means to control the occurrence of the concentrated epidemic of tuberculosis. The combination of exposure relationship and PPD test is an effective method to evaluate the latent infection of tuberculosis, and the establishment of necessary consultation system will help to control the spread and spread of the aggregated tuberculosis epidemic in schools as soon as possible.
【作者單位】： 安徽省合肥市疾病預防控制中心結(jié)核病防治科;
【分類號】：R181.8;R52

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本文編號：1506579