本文關(guān)鍵詞： 土源性線蟲 監(jiān)測 感染率 貴州省　出處：《中國寄生蟲學(xué)與寄生蟲病雜志》2017年05期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：目的了解貴州省2011-2015年監(jiān)測點居民土源性線蟲感染情況。方法2011-2015年分別從貴州省普定縣東、南、西、北、中5個片區(qū)選取馬官鎮(zhèn)田官村、坪上鄉(xiāng)大哪村、化處鎮(zhèn)水母村、城關(guān)鎮(zhèn)青山村、坪上鎮(zhèn)坪上村作為監(jiān)測點,每年對其中的一個行政村開展土源性線蟲感染情況監(jiān)測,收集3歲以上常住居民的糞便,采用改良加藤厚涂片法查蟲卵,透明膠紙肛拭法查3~12歲兒童蟯蟲(Enterobius vermicularis)卵。改良飽和硝酸鈉漂浮法檢查居民居所附近的菜園、廁所周邊、庭院和廚房等4種環(huán)境類型土壤中蛔蟲(Ascaris lumbricoides)卵污染的情況。分析比較不同性別、年齡、職業(yè)等人群土源性線蟲感染率,率的比較采用χ~2檢驗。結(jié)果 2011-2015年累計檢查5 035人,土源性線蟲感染率分別為14.24%(143/1 004)、15.72%(161/1 024)、12.29%(123/1 001)、15.38%(156/1 001)、32.44%(326/1 005);蛔蟲、鉤蟲(Ancylostoma sp.)、鞭蟲(Trichuris trichiura)和兒童蟯蟲的平均感染率為11.40%(574/5 035)、0.62%(31/5 035)、9.33%(470/5 035)和1.01%(14/1 381)。男性、女性土源性線蟲平均感染率分別為18.28%(473/2 588)、17.82%(436/2 447),差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(χ~2=0.15,P0.05)。不同年齡組中,10~歲組土源性線蟲感染率最高,為23.25%(381/1 639)(χ~2=62.59,P0.05)。職業(yè)分布中,學(xué)生的感染率最高,為22.46%(524/2 333)(χ~2=58.43,P0.05)。小學(xué)文化程度的人感染率最高,為21.41%(455/2 125)(χ~2=39.19,P0.05)。苗族人群的感染率明顯高于漢族及其他少數(shù)民族,為44.99%(220/489)(χ~2=267.70,P0.05)。2011-2015年共檢測不同環(huán)境類型土壤200份,人蛔蟲卵陽性86份,陽性率為43%(86/200);其中,菜園與廁所周邊的活受精蛔蟲卵檢出率最高,分別為26%(13/50)與20%(10/50);廚房的檢出率最低,為2%(1/50);4種環(huán)境類型土壤中人蛔蟲卵的污染情況差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(χ~2=12.71,P0.05)。結(jié)論 2011-2015年監(jiān)測點居民土源性線蟲感染率仍處于較高水平,以蛔蟲和鞭蟲感染為主。10~20歲人群、學(xué)生、小學(xué)文化程度及苗族人群的土源性線蟲感染率高于其他人群。居民住所的環(huán)境土壤受到不同程度的人蛔蟲卵污染。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the infection of soil-derived nematode in residents of Guizhou Province from 2011-2015. Methods from 2011 to 2015, the population of Puding County in Guizhou Province were collected from east, south, west and north respectively. The five districts selected Ma Guan Town Tian Guan Village, Pingshang Dana Village, Huazhuang Jellyfish Village, Chengguan Town Qingshan Village, Pingshang Town Pingshang Village as a monitoring point. In one of the administrative villages, the infection of soil nematode was monitored every year, and the feces of resident over 3 years old were collected, and the eggs were detected by modified Kato thick smear method. The eggs of Enterobius vermicularis (12 years old) were examined by means of transparent tape anal swab. The modified saturated sodium nitrate floatation method was used to examine the vegetable gardens near the residents' homes. Contamination of Ascaris lumbricoides eggs in soil of four environmental types around toilet, courtyard and kitchen. Sex and age were analyzed and compared. The infection rate of soil-derived nematode was compared by 蠂 ~ 2 test. Results the total number of people tested in 2011-2015 was 5 035. The infection rate of soil-derived nematode was 14.24% and 143 / 1 004% 15.72%, and 161 / 1 024% 12.29% 123 / 1 001). 15.38: 156 / 1 001D 32.440.326 / 1,005; Ancylostoma sp.). The average infection rate of Trichuris trichiura and Enterobius vermicularis in children was 11.404 / 5 035 / 0.62%). 9.33: 470 / 5035) and 1.01a / 14 / 1381. The average infection rate of soil-derived nematodes in men and women was 18.28 / 2 588 respectively. There was no significant difference between 436 / 2447% and 17.82% (蠂 ~ 2 / 0. 15 P 0.05). The infection rate of soil origin nematode was the highest in 10 ~ years old groups. The infection rate of students was the highest in the occupational distribution. The infection rate was the highest among those with 524 / 2333% (蠂 ~ (2 / 2) / 58.43 / 58.43) and primary education level (P < 0.05). The infection rate of the Miao population was significantly higher than that of the Han nationality and other minority nationalities. A total of 200 soil samples of different environmental types were detected from 2011 to 2015 for 44.99% 220 / 489 (蠂 ~ (2 +)) 267.70 (P0.05N). 86 cases of human ascariasis eggs were positive, the positive rate was 43%. The detectable rate of live fertilized ascariasis eggs in vegetable garden and toilet was the highest (26 / 13 / 50) and 20 / 10 / 50 / 50 respectively. The detection rate in kitchen was the lowest, 2 / 50; The contamination of Ascaris lumbricoides eggs in four environmental types of soil was significantly different (蠂 2 + 12.71). Conclusion the infection rate of soil origin nematode is still in a high level from 2011 to 2015. The infection rate of Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichuris is mainly in the population of 20 years old, students. The infection rate of soil-derived nematodes in primary school and Miao population was higher than that in other populations, and the environmental soil of residents' residence was polluted by roundworm eggs to varying degrees.
【作者單位】： 貴州省疾病預(yù)防控制中心;普定縣疾病預(yù)防控制中心;
【分類號】：R181.8;R532.1
【正文快照】： 據(jù)2001-2004年貴州省重要寄生蟲病現(xiàn)狀調(diào)查測點,每年對其中的一個村進(jìn)行監(jiān)測。每個村采取結(jié)果顯示,土源性線蟲感染調(diào)查30個點15 958人,隨機整群抽樣,抽取3周歲(含3周歲)以上常住居感染率為47.52%,其中,蛔蟲、鉤蟲、鞭蟲、蟯民及居住滿1年以上外來人口作為監(jiān)測對象,常住蟲感染

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