本文關(guān)鍵詞：云南邊境地區(qū)磨憨口岸和關(guān)累口岸流行性乙型腦炎媒介調(diào)查研究　出處：《大理學(xué)院》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 乙型腦炎病毒 媒介帶毒率 種群密度 云南邊境口岸

【摘要】：目的：了解云南邊境地區(qū)磨憨口岸和關(guān)累口岸流行性乙型腦炎媒介種類組成、季節(jié)消長及其流行性乙型腦炎病毒帶毒率狀況，為當(dāng)?shù)亓餍行砸倚湍X炎預(yù)防控制提供有效依據(jù)。 方法：(1)媒介種類與生態(tài)習(xí)性調(diào)查于2011年5-10月期間，逐月下旬在磨憨口岸和關(guān)累口岸附近的兩個(gè)自然村開展乙腦媒介種類、季節(jié)消長和夜間活動(dòng)習(xí)性調(diào)查。其中，媒介種類和季節(jié)消長調(diào)查，采取誘蚊燈通宵捕獲成蚊，捕獲的成蚊次日分類、鑒定并計(jì)數(shù)，然后按照蚊蟲種類分裝于1.8ml凍存管存于液氮罐中，帶回實(shí)驗(yàn)室進(jìn)行病毒分離；夜間活動(dòng)習(xí)性調(diào)查，采用人帳誘法通宵觀察蚊蟲夜間叮人活動(dòng)規(guī)律，捕獲的成蚊次日分類、鑒定和計(jì)數(shù)。（2）蚊蟲乙腦病毒帶毒率調(diào)查對(duì)現(xiàn)場捕獲的成蚊在實(shí)驗(yàn)室開展乙腦病毒檢測，即研磨蚊蟲標(biāo)本，取上清液接種C6/36細(xì)胞，然后再提取RNA，最后采用RT-PCR兩步法分離鑒定乙腦病毒，并測序。 結(jié)果：（1）媒介蚊蟲種類組成情況共捕獲10屬16亞屬35種5618只成蚊；其中，三帶喙庫蚊屬于該兩邊境口岸的優(yōu)勢蚊種（構(gòu)成比為80.90%），其次為中華按蚊（構(gòu)成比為3.67%）。調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，兩口岸優(yōu)勢蚊蟲種類、構(gòu)成比及其蚊蟲種群密度存在著一定差異，即磨憨口岸，三帶喙庫蚊（構(gòu)成比為85.53%）、白霜庫蚊（3.81%）、中華按蚊（1.80%）為優(yōu)勢蚊種，蚊蟲種群數(shù)量高峰出現(xiàn)于5月（269.75只/燈·夜）；而關(guān)累口岸，，三帶喙庫蚊（34.06%）、中華按蚊（22.57%）、黑點(diǎn)庫蚊（7.72%）為優(yōu)勢蚊種，且高峰期在7月（16.38只/燈·夜）。夜間活動(dòng)習(xí)性，磨憨口岸，三帶喙庫蚊夜間活動(dòng)高峰出現(xiàn)在21：00-22：00，而關(guān)累口岸夜間活動(dòng)高峰在22：00-23：00。（2）蚊蟲乙腦病毒帶毒率情況共檢測62批4573只成蚊標(biāo)本，其中三帶喙庫蚊40批（4130只），白霜庫蚊4批（64只），致倦庫蚊3批（46只），白胸庫蚊1批（7只），中華按蚊6批（100只），迷糊按蚊1批（39只），棋斑按蚊2批（45只），騷擾阿蚊3批（73只），白紋伊蚊2批（69只），結(jié)果共檢測出黃病毒陽性樣本6批；其中，三帶喙庫蚊3批，中華按蚊1批，白紋伊蚊2批。上述6批陽性標(biāo)本中采用乙腦病毒RT-PCR鑒定，從三帶喙庫蚊中分離到一株乙腦病毒，自然帶毒率0.24‰，經(jīng)測序比對(duì)，該乙腦病毒屬于基因Ⅰ型。 結(jié)論：（1）磨憨口岸和關(guān)累口岸蚊蟲組成復(fù)雜，種類較多，其中三帶喙庫蚊為當(dāng)?shù)氐膬?yōu)勢蚊種，乙腦病毒帶毒率0.24‰，屬于當(dāng)?shù)匾倚湍X炎主要媒介，提示當(dāng)?shù)鼐用褡龊梅牢脺缥么胧┖图訌?qiáng)乙腦疫苗接種工作。（2）當(dāng)?shù)匾夷X流行可能主要由基因Ⅰ型引起。
[Abstract]:Objective: to understand the composition of epidemic Japanese encephalitis vectors, seasonal fluctuation and the prevalence of Japanese encephalitis virus in Mohan port and Guanle port in Yunnan border area. To provide effective basis for prevention and control of epidemic encephalitis B in local area. Methods A survey of media species and ecological habits was carried out in two natural villages near Mohan port and Guanle port from May to October in 2011. Investigation on seasonal fluctuation and nocturnal activity. Among them, vector species and seasonal variation were investigated. Adult mosquitoes were captured overnight by mosquito trap lights, and adult mosquitoes were classified, identified and counted on the next day. According to the species of mosquitoes, it was stored in 1.8ml cryopreservation tube in liquid nitrogen tank and then brought back to the laboratory for virus isolation. Investigation of nocturnal activity habits was conducted to observe the pattern of night-time bite of mosquitoes by human trapping and the adult mosquitoes were classified on the next day. Identification and enumeration of mosquito encephalitis B virus carrying rate investigation on Japanese encephalitis virus in laboratory collected adult mosquitoes, I. e. Ground mosquito specimens, and inoculated C6 / 36 cells with supernatant. Then RNAs were extracted and identified by RT-PCR two-step method and sequenced. Results 5 618 adult mosquitoes belonging to 10 genera, 16 subgenera and 35 species were captured. Among them, Culex tritaeniorhynchus belongs to the dominant mosquito species (composition ratio is 80.90), followed by Anopheles sinensis (composition ratio is 3.67%). There are some differences in composition ratio and mosquito population density, namely Mohan port, Culex tritaeniorhynchus (composition ratio is 85.53, Culex albopictus 3.81). Anopheles sinensis (1.80) is the dominant mosquito species, and the peak of mosquito population appeared in May (269.75). At Guanle Port, the dominant species were Culex tritaeniorhynchus 34.06, Anopheles sinensis 22.57m, Culex nigra 7.72). The peak was 16.38 / light / night on July. The nocturnal activity of Culex tritaeniorhynchus appeared at 21: 00-22: 00 at Mohan port. The peak of nocturnal activity at the customs port was 22: 00-23: 00.02) the viral rate of mosquito encephalitis B virus was detected in 62 batches of 4573 adult mosquito specimens. Among them, 4130 were in 40 batches of Culex pipiens tritaeniorhynchus, 64 in 4 batches of Culex albopictus, 46 in Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus in 3 batches, 7 in Culex albopictus in 1 batch, and 100 in Anopheles sinensis in 6 batches). 39 Anopheles albopictus in 1 batch, 45 in Anopheles maculatus in 2 batches, 73 in Anopheles albopictus in 3 batches and 69 in Aedes albopictus in 2 batches. A total of 6 batches of yellow virus positive samples were detected. Among them, 3 batches of Culex tritaeniorhynchus, 1 batch of Anopheles sinensis and 2 batches of Aedes albopictus were identified by Japanese encephalitis virus (je) RT-PCR. The natural virus carrying rate was 0.24 鈥

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