本文選題：光纖陀螺儀 + 溫度補(bǔ)償�。� 參考：《哈爾濱工程大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：光纖陀螺儀具有可靠性高、成本低、動態(tài)范圍寬以及啟動速度快等優(yōu)點,因此廣泛應(yīng)用于軍事以及國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的各個領(lǐng)域。但由于光纖陀螺儀對工作環(huán)境溫度較為敏感,會導(dǎo)致實際應(yīng)用中的捷聯(lián)慣導(dǎo)系統(tǒng)精度下降。為了保證光纖陀螺的輸出精度,可通過溫度補(bǔ)償?shù)姆绞綄ψ儨丨h(huán)境下的陀螺儀輸出進(jìn)行數(shù)學(xué)補(bǔ)償,從而保證光纖陀螺儀的輸出精度。因此,設(shè)計高精度光纖陀螺溫度補(bǔ)償系統(tǒng)對提高光纖陀螺的儀的輸出精度、保證捷聯(lián)慣導(dǎo)系統(tǒng)精度,具有重要的實際意義。本課題以實現(xiàn)高精度光纖陀螺溫度補(bǔ)償系統(tǒng)為目的,設(shè)計并實現(xiàn)了高精度溫度測量系統(tǒng),建立并完善高精度溫度補(bǔ)償系統(tǒng)。首先,基于功能需求分析與性能需求分析,設(shè)計光纖陀螺溫度補(bǔ)償系統(tǒng)的總體設(shè)計方案。然后,以鉑電阻Ptl000作為溫度傳感器,采用阻值比較法的測溫電路減小測溫非線性,設(shè)計序列電壓激勵電路,消除測溫電路熱電動勢,并抑制自熱效應(yīng),進(jìn)而完成基于阻值比較法和序列電壓激勵控制相結(jié)合的高精度測溫系統(tǒng);在完成硬件設(shè)計的基礎(chǔ)上,設(shè)計基于分段線性擬合的溫度校正方法,進(jìn)一步減小測溫系統(tǒng),并根據(jù)測溫輸出噪聲特性,設(shè)計低通濾波算法,減小隨機(jī)干擾對溫度輸出精度的影響。在升降溫實驗的基礎(chǔ)上,通過同步采集光纖環(huán)溫度和光纖陀螺輸出數(shù)據(jù),并分析二者的相關(guān)性,總結(jié)出影響光纖陀螺輸出數(shù)據(jù)的主要因素;以光纖環(huán)溫度以及光纖陀螺輸出誤差為基礎(chǔ),確定溫度補(bǔ)償模型的基本形式;利用分段高階曲線擬合的方法,建立基于光纖環(huán)溫度以及光纖陀螺輸出誤差的溫度補(bǔ)償系統(tǒng)。在完成測溫電路和溫度補(bǔ)償系統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)上,主程序通過AD7608采樣溫度信號,并且利用溫度校正算法計算并校正測溫值。然后,利用溫度補(bǔ)償模型以及測溫值,主程序可以求得光纖陀螺的實時補(bǔ)償值。在通訊模塊接收導(dǎo)航數(shù)據(jù)的同時,主程序按照通訊協(xié)議解碼導(dǎo)航數(shù)據(jù),并用實時補(bǔ)償值補(bǔ)償導(dǎo)航數(shù)據(jù)。補(bǔ)償完畢后,主程序再按照通訊協(xié)議,再次編碼導(dǎo)航數(shù)據(jù),并將補(bǔ)償后的導(dǎo)航數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送到導(dǎo)航計算機(jī)。最后,利用高精度低溫漂的固值電阻對其做長時間驗證測試;在完成溫度補(bǔ)償系統(tǒng)后,以升降溫實驗為基礎(chǔ),利用所測得光纖環(huán)溫度以及光纖陀螺輸出的導(dǎo)航數(shù)據(jù)對光纖陀螺溫度補(bǔ)償系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行實測精度驗證。.實測精度驗證結(jié)果表明,經(jīng)溫度補(bǔ)償后的光纖陀螺輸出精度能達(dá)到±0.05°/h,即溫度補(bǔ)償系統(tǒng)能夠很好的抑制因溫度導(dǎo)致的光纖陀螺漂移,有效的保證慣導(dǎo)系統(tǒng)精度。
[Abstract]:Fiber optic gyroscopes have the advantages of high reliability, low cost, wide dynamic range and fast starting speed, so they are widely used in various fields of military and national economy. However, due to the sensitivity of fiber optic gyroscope to working environment temperature, the precision of strapdown inertial navigation system in practical application will decrease. In order to ensure the output accuracy of fiber optic gyroscope, the output of fiber optic gyroscope can be compensated by temperature compensation in order to ensure the output precision of fiber optic gyroscope. Therefore, the design of high precision fog temperature compensation system is of great practical significance in improving the output accuracy of fog and ensuring the precision of strapdown inertial navigation system. In order to realize the temperature compensation system of high precision fiber optic gyroscope (fog), the high precision temperature measurement system is designed and realized in this paper. The high precision temperature compensation system is established and perfected. Firstly, based on functional requirement analysis and performance requirement analysis, the overall design scheme of fog temperature compensation system is designed. Then, using platinum resistance Ptl000 as temperature sensor, the temperature measurement circuit of resistance comparison method is used to reduce the nonlinearity of temperature measurement, and the sequential voltage excitation circuit is designed to eliminate the thermoelectromotive force of the temperature measuring circuit and to suppress the self-heating effect. Furthermore, a high precision temperature measurement system based on resistance comparison method and sequential voltage excitation control is completed. Based on the hardware design, a temperature correction method based on piecewise linear fitting is designed to further reduce the temperature measurement system. According to the noise characteristics of temperature measurement output, a low pass filter algorithm is designed to reduce the influence of random interference on the temperature output accuracy. Based on the experiment of rising and cooling, the temperature of fiber optic ring and the output data of fiber optic gyro are collected synchronously, and the correlation between them is analyzed, and the main factors influencing the output data of fiber optic gyroscope are summarized. Based on the temperature of the fiber optic ring and the output error of the fiber optic gyro, the basic form of the temperature compensation model is determined, and the temperature compensation system based on the fiber ring temperature and the output error of the fiber optic gyro is established by the method of piecewise high order curve fitting. On the basis of temperature measurement circuit and temperature compensation system, the main program samples temperature signal by AD7608, and calculates and corrects the temperature measurement value by temperature correction algorithm. Then, using the temperature compensation model and the temperature measurement value, the main program can get the real time compensation value of fiber optic gyroscope. While the communication module receives the navigation data, the main program decodes the navigation data according to the communication protocol, and compensates the navigation data with the real-time compensation value. After the compensation, the main program encodes the navigation data again according to the communication protocol, and sends the compensated navigation data to the navigation computer. Finally, the high precision and low temperature drift resistance is used to verify and test it for a long time, and after the temperature compensation system is completed, the experiment of rising and lowering temperature is used as the basis. The temperature compensation system of fiber optic gyroscope (fog) is verified by the measured temperature of fiber optic ring and the navigation data of fiber optic gyroscope. The experimental results show that the output precision of the fiber optic gyroscope after temperature compensation can reach 鹵0.05 擄/ h, that is, the temperature compensation system can restrain the drift of the fiber optic gyroscope caused by temperature and effectively guarantee the precision of the inertial navigation system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN96

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