【摘要】：目的：調查口腔唾液中放線菌的分布情況,分析放線菌在人群中分布情況及對4種抗生素的耐藥性。探討口腔放線菌對白假絲酵母菌的作用,同時分析了口腔白假絲酵母對3種口腔義齒材料的粘附作用,以及3種口腔義齒清潔劑對白假絲酵母的清潔作用。為口腔疾病預防工作提供基礎資料和依據(jù)。 方法：采用細菌培養(yǎng)法,對1016個唾液標本中放線菌進行檢測,同時根據(jù)年齡,性別,以及城鄉(xiāng)分離結果,分析不同組別放線菌檢測結果的差異性。根據(jù)放線菌和假絲酵母菌的檢出情況,分析口腔放線菌對假絲酵母菌的影響。將分離的白假絲酵母制備成菌懸液浸泡3種義齒材料,一定時間后用XTT-減量法測定粘附的菌數(shù)目；另外,將3種義齒清潔劑浸泡粘附有白假絲酵母的義齒材料,一定時間后測定殘余的菌體數(shù)。 結果：總共放線菌的檢出率為72.29%,男性65.59%低于女性79.78%(p0.01),有統(tǒng)計學意義。18歲以下放線菌檢出率為83.47%,高于其他年齡組(p0.01),與其他組有顯著性差異。城市放線菌檢出率81.04%比農村放線菌檢出率62.81%高(P0.01),有統(tǒng)計學意義。放線菌對甲硝唑、鏈霉素、氨芐西林鈉、四環(huán)素的體外抑菌效果：鏈霉素耐藥性最低,其他依次是四環(huán)素、氨芐西林鈉、甲硝唑,耐藥率分別為2.35%、5.73%、9.11%、57.72%。總共檢出放線菌735例,在檢出放線菌的組中假絲酵母菌的檢出率為23.81%,沒有檢出放線菌的組中假絲酵母菌的檢出率為68.97%,兩組之間有極顯著性差異(p0.01)；相反,在沒有假絲酵母菌的組中,放線菌的檢出率為86.5%,在有假絲酵母菌的組中,放線菌的檢出率為47.37%,兩組之間有極顯著的差異(p0.01)。3種材料中,樹脂性材料最易粘附白假絲酵母菌,其次是烤瓷材料,最不易粘附白假絲酵母菌的材料是金屬材料。3種義齒清潔劑均能很好的清除白假絲酵母的粘附與生長,滬鴿、雅克菱效果比復方氯己定效果好,但兩者之間差異不大。復方氯己定對3號菌抑制效果不好,抑菌率為28.6%,其余均大于65%；復方氯己定平均抑菌率為76%,滬鴿、雅克菱分別為89.1%、88.4%,滬鴿、雅克菱的清潔效果較好。 結論：放線菌是正常人體口腔定值菌之一,構成口腔微生態(tài)的穩(wěn)定；不同性別、年齡以及城鄉(xiāng)差距都會影響放線菌的定植；由于口腔放線菌對鏈霉素耐藥率最低,所以對于放線菌感染用鏈霉素治療效果最佳。放線菌的存在對假絲酵母菌有抑制作用。3種材料中樹脂性材料最容易粘附白假絲酵母,滬鴿、雅克菱效果比復方氯己定較好。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the distribution of actinomycetes in oral saliva and to analyze the distribution of actinomycetes in population and their resistance to four antibiotics. To study the effect of oral actinomycetes on Candida albicans, and to analyze the adhesion of Candida albicans to three kinds of dental denture materials, and the cleaning effect of three kinds of dental denture cleaners to Candida albicans. To provide basic information and basis for oral disease prevention. Methods: actinomycetes were detected in 1016 saliva samples by bacterial culture. The differences of actinomycetes in different groups were analyzed according to age, sex and the results of urban and rural isolation. According to the detection of actinomycetes and Candida cerevisiae, the effects of oral actinomycetes on Candida cerevisiae were analyzed. Three kinds of denture materials were prepared from the isolated Candida albicans suspension, and the number of adherent bacteria was determined by XTT- decrement method after a certain time, in addition, the three kinds of denture cleaners were soaked and adhered to the denture materials of Candida albicans. The number of residual bacteria was determined after a certain time. Results: the detection rate of actinomycetes was 72.29% in males and 79.78% in females (p0.01). The detection rate of actinomycetes under 18 years old was 83.47%, which was higher than that of other age groups (p0.01), which was significantly different from other groups. The detection rate of actinomycetes in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas (81.04% vs 62.81%, P 0.01). The antimicrobial effect of actinomycetes against metronidazole, streptomycin, ampicillin sodium and tetracycline in vitro was as follows: streptomycin resistance was the lowest, followed by tetracycline, ampicillin sodium, metronidazole, and the drug resistance rates were 2.35% 5.73% and 57.72% respectively. A total of 735 cases of actinomycetes were detected. The positive rate of Candida was 23.81 in the actinomycetes group and 68.97 in the non-actinomycetes group. There was a significant difference between the two groups (p0.01). In the group without Candida, the detection rate of actinomycetes was 86.5. In the group with Candida cerevisiae, the detection rate of actinomycetes was 47.373.There was a significant difference between the two groups (p0.01). Among the three kinds of materials, resin materials were the easiest to adhere to Candida albicans. The most difficult material to adhere to Candida albicans is metal material. All three denture cleaners can remove the adhesion and growth of Candida albicans. The effect of Shanghai pigeon and Jacques Rhomb is better than that of compound chlorhexidine. But there is little difference between the two. The inhibition rate of compound chlorhexidine on No. 3 bacteria was not good, the inhibition rate was 28.6m, the other was more than 650.The average bacteriostatic rate of compound chlorhexidine was 76, the average inhibition rate of compound chlorhexidine was 76.The average inhibition rate of compound chlorhexidine was 89.1g and 88.4g, respectively. The cleaning effect of Shanghai pigeon and Jacobin was better. Conclusion: actinomycetes is one of the most stable oral microecological bacteria in normal human body, and different sex, age and gap between urban and rural areas will affect the colonization of actinomycetes, because of the lowest resistance rate of oral actinomycetes to streptomycin. So for actinomycetes infection with streptomycin treatment is the best. The presence of actinomycetes inhibited Candida cerevisiae. Among the three materials, resin materials were the easiest to adhere to Candida albicans, pigeon and Jacques.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：R780.1

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