【摘要】：[目的]下頜骨的生長發(fā)育是一個復(fù)雜的過程,髁突被認(rèn)為在下頜骨生長發(fā)育和改建過程中發(fā)揮重要作用,但其作用方式尚不明確。本研究通過建立生長期SD大鼠單側(cè)髁突軟骨部分缺損、全層缺損,及髁突缺失的動物模型,探討髁突軟骨及髁突損傷后自我修復(fù)能力及其對下頜骨生長發(fā)育的影響。[方法]選用32只SD大鼠隨機(jī)分為4組,每組8只。A組(假手術(shù)組):暴露髁突后不做任何處理;B組(髁突軟骨部分切除組):用小圓刀片切除大于全層厚度一半的髁突軟骨;C組(髁突軟骨全層切除組):用小圓刀片全層剝離髁突軟骨;D組(髁突切除組):于髁頂點(diǎn)下約3mm髁突頸處用眼科剪切斷髁突。分別于術(shù)后4周及8周處死動物,記錄處死時動物體重。用游標(biāo)卡尺測量下頜升支長度(Cor-GoT、Cond-GoT)、下頜體長度(Go-Id)、下頜體高度(Ma-Me)以分析下頜骨生長發(fā)育情況。測量結(jié)果用SPSS 23進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。制作髁突組織學(xué)石蠟切片,行HE染色及番紅O染色,觀察髁突修復(fù)情況。[結(jié)果]術(shù)后4周術(shù)測Cor-GoT、Ma-Me長度各組均無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(p0.05);Cond-GoT各實(shí)驗(yàn)組(B、C、D組)長度均短于A組(p0.05),D組長度短于B、C組(p0.05);Go-Id各實(shí)驗(yàn)組(B、C、D組)長度均短于A組(p0.05),B、C、D各組間長度無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(p0.05)。術(shù)后8周Cor-GoT、Go-Id、Ma-Me長度各組均無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(p0.05);Cond-GoT各實(shí)驗(yàn)組(B、C、D組)長度均短于A組(p0.05),B、C、D各組間長度無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(p0.05)。組織學(xué)觀察表明各處理組的髁突損傷處均有含有肥大軟骨細(xì)胞的新生軟骨組織的出現(xiàn),提示髁突損傷后具有一定程度軟骨自我再生修復(fù)能力。在C組及D組則可見髁突表面有較厚的纖維軟骨組織樣組織增生。[結(jié)論]本研究成功建立生長期大鼠髁突軟骨部分切除,髁突軟骨全層切除,及髁突切除動物模型。髁突軟骨及髁突缺損可導(dǎo)致生長期大鼠一定程度髁突及下頜體長度的發(fā)育不足,但并未導(dǎo)致下頜骨嚴(yán)重的形態(tài)和功能發(fā)育障礙,提示髁突在下頜骨生長發(fā)育中發(fā)揮重要作用,但并不是唯一的生長中心,下頜骨生長發(fā)育可能是不同成骨方式共同作用的結(jié)果。髁突軟骨的軟骨內(nèi)成骨過程對生長期的下頜骨生長發(fā)育表現(xiàn)為局部作用。髁突軟骨及髁突遠(yuǎn)期再生修復(fù)及其影響因素還需進(jìn)一步研究。
[Abstract]:[objective] mandibular growth and development is a complex process, condylar process is considered to play an important role in mandibular growth, development and remodeling, but its mode of action is not clear. The purpose of this study was to establish an animal model of unilateral condylar cartilage defects, full-thickness defects and condylar defects in SD rats in order to investigate the self-repair ability of condylar cartilage and condylar process injury and its effect on the growth and development of mandible. [methods] Thirty-two SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups. Group A (sham-operated group): without any treatment after condylar process exposure (condylar cartilage partial resection group): removal of condylar cartilage with a small circular blade greater than half the thickness of the whole layer of condylar cartilage group C (total condylar cartilage resection group): with In group D (condylar resection group), the condylar process was cut off by ophthalmic clipping at the 3mm condylar neck under the condylar apex. Animals were killed at 4 weeks and 8 weeks after operation, and their body weight was recorded. The mandibular ramus length (Cor-GoT,Cond-GoT), mandibular body length (Go-Id) and mandibular height (Ma-Me) were measured with Vernier caliper to analyze the growth and development of mandible. The results were analyzed by SPSS 23. Histological paraffin sections of condyle were made, HE staining and mandarin O staining were used to observe condylar repair. [results] there was no significant difference in the length of Cor-GoT,Ma-Me measured 4 weeks after operation (p0. 05). The length of Cond-GoT group was shorter than that of group A (p0. 05). The length of group D was shorter than that of group B C (p0. 05). The length of each experimental group was shorter than that of group A (p0. 05). There was no significant difference in the length of Cor-GoT,Go-Id,Ma-Me in each group at 8 weeks after operation (p0.05). The length of Cond-GoT in each experimental group was shorter than that in group A (p0.05). Histological observation showed that there were new cartilage tissues with mast chondrocytes in the condylar process injury of each treatment group, which suggested that the condylar injury had a certain degree of repair ability of cartilage self-regeneration. In group C and group D, thicker fibrous cartilage tissue proliferation could be seen on the surface of condyle. [conclusion] the animal models of partial resection of condylar cartilage, total resection of condylar cartilage and resection of condylar process were successfully established in this study. Condylar cartilage and condylar defect may lead to a certain degree of underdevelopment of condyle and mandibular body length in growing rats, but it does not lead to serious morphological and functional development of mandible, suggesting that condyle plays an important role in the growth and development of mandible. But not the only growth center, mandibular growth and development may be the result of different osteogenesis. The endochondral osteogenesis of condylar cartilage plays a local role in the growth and development of mandible. The long-term regeneration of condylar cartilage and condyle and its influencing factors need further study.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R782.4

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