【摘要】：鼻腔共鳴功能異常,尤其是鼻腔共鳴功能亢進(jìn)是腭裂患者的巨大困擾,其不同程度地影響著此類患者的言語清晰度和可懂度,進(jìn)而對其心理狀態(tài)和生活質(zhì)量產(chǎn)生極大的負(fù)面影響。探索出科學(xué)、準(zhǔn)確的評估方法對腭裂兒童的鼻腔共鳴功能亢進(jìn)的矯治起著關(guān)鍵性的作用,解決鼻腔共鳴亢進(jìn)的問題,有助于提高腭裂患者言語的可懂度和流暢性,幫助他們更好地進(jìn)行社會交往。 本研究通過梳理國內(nèi)外鼻音功能亢進(jìn)的評估研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)目前研究領(lǐng)域和臨床上多采用主觀判聽與客觀測量相結(jié)合的手段來評估鼻音功能亢進(jìn),而專門針對腭裂鼻音功能亢進(jìn)的主觀評估材料不統(tǒng)一,客觀測量多從單維參數(shù)出發(fā),對鼻音功能亢進(jìn)的評價(jià)不能做出全面科學(xué)的評價(jià)。因此本研究首先以國際通用原則為基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合漢語言普通話特點(diǎn)設(shè)計(jì)了鼻音功能亢進(jìn)的主觀聽感知評估工具；其次從多維角度(聲學(xué)、電生理及空氣動力學(xué))提取能夠反映鼻音功能亢進(jìn)的敏感性、可靠性參數(shù),通過探測這些參數(shù)與主觀聽感知的關(guān)系,構(gòu)建出能夠評價(jià)腭裂鼻音功能亢進(jìn)的多參數(shù)模型。 本研究主要取得的階段性研究成果如下： 按照國際通用的評估測試語料的設(shè)計(jì)原則和評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn),設(shè)計(jì)了腭裂鼻音功能亢進(jìn)主觀聽感知評估工具,其內(nèi)容包括13個單音節(jié)詞語和16個5字短句,可用于臨床上評價(jià)腭裂鼻音功能亢進(jìn)的有無和嚴(yán)重程度。 運(yùn)用設(shè)計(jì)的腭裂鼻音功能亢進(jìn)主觀聽感知評估工具,研究了多維客觀參數(shù)與主觀聽感上的關(guān)系,發(fā)現(xiàn)了腭裂鼻音功能亢進(jìn)的敏感性及可靠性參數(shù),建立了鼻音功能亢進(jìn)的多參數(shù)評價(jià)模型HNSI=-0.129+1.743XMNS-0.031XSGP。該模型與主觀評估之間的一致性為57.35%,可用于鼻音功能亢進(jìn)的客觀評價(jià)。
[Abstract]:The abnormal resonance function of nasal cavity, especially the hyperfunction of nasal resonance, is a great problem for cleft palate patients, which affects the speech intelligibility and intelligibility of these patients in varying degrees. And then the psychological state and quality of life have a great negative impact. To explore a scientific and accurate evaluation method plays a key role in the correction of nasal resonance hyperfunction in cleft palate children, and solve the problem of nasal resonance hyperfunction, which is helpful to improve the speech intelligibility and fluency of cleft palate patients. Help them to socialize better. By combing the domestic and foreign research on the evaluation of nasal hyperactivity, this study found that the current research field and clinical use of subjective hearing and objective measurement to assess nasal hyperactivity. However, the subjective assessment materials of cleft palate nasal hyperfunction are not uniform, and the objective measurement is based on the single dimension parameter, and the evaluation of nasal hyperfunction can not be evaluated scientifically. Therefore, based on the international general principles and the characteristics of Chinese Putonghua, this study first designed a subjective auditory perception assessment tool for nasal hyperactivity, and then from a multi-dimensional perspective (acoustics, Electrophysiology and aerodynamics) extraction can reflect the sensitivity and reliability parameters of nasal hyperfunction. By detecting the relationship between these parameters and subjective auditory perception, a multi-parameter model can be established to evaluate cleft palate nasal hyperfunction. The main achievements of this study are as follows: according to the design principles and scoring criteria of the international evaluation test corpus, a subjective auditory perception assessment tool for cleft palate nasal hyperfunction was designed. It includes 13 monosyllabic words and 16 short sentences, which can be used to evaluate the degree and severity of cleft palate nasal hyperfunction. By using the designed assessment tool of subjective auditory perception of cleft palate nasal hyperfunction, the relationship between multidimensional objective parameters and subjective hearing perception was studied, and the sensitivity and reliability parameters of cleft palate nasal hyperfunction were found. A multiparameter evaluation model HNSI=-0.129 1.743 XMNS-0.031 XSGP was established. The consistency between the model and subjective assessment is 57.35, which can be used for objective evaluation of nasal hyperactivity.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：R782.2

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