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下頜骨頦孔前區(qū)解剖結(jié)構(gòu)錐形束CT影像學(xué)分析及下前牙種植修復(fù)病例報告

發(fā)布時間:2018-05-04 20:36

  本文選題:下頜管前環(huán) + 下頜切牙管 ; 參考:《大連醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文


【摘要】:目的 本項研究旨在通過錐形束CT(cone beam computed tomography CBCT)圖像的測量和分析,對下頜骨頦孔前區(qū)頜骨內(nèi)重要解剖結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)生率,下頜切牙管前環(huán)的長度值,下頜切牙管、下頜舌側(cè)孔、舌側(cè)管等解剖結(jié)構(gòu)的大小、位置、形態(tài)、走向進(jìn)行分析和探討。并且根據(jù)上述實驗項目獲得的參數(shù)評價種植術(shù)前通過CBCT分析與測量頦孔前部解剖結(jié)構(gòu)的準(zhǔn)確性。同時提出下頜頦孔前區(qū)種植相關(guān)手術(shù)術(shù)前應(yīng)進(jìn)行的解剖結(jié)構(gòu)測量項目以及手術(shù)安全區(qū)域。 方法 本實驗共選取了52名于2013年7月至2014年1月之間在大連醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬醫(yī)院大連市口腔醫(yī)院的就診病人(48位為有牙頜或者少數(shù)牙缺失的患者,其中男性25名,女性23名,平均年齡40.9歲,年齡跨度在18到68歲之間;4位無牙頜患者,其中男性3名,女性1名,,平均年齡65歲,年齡跨度在56到72歲之間)。CBCT圖像通過Examvision軟件圖像重建之后,由兩名口腔專業(yè)醫(yī)師:(1)在CBCT各維重建圖像上,觀察下頜管前環(huán)、下頜切牙管、下頜舌側(cè)管和舌側(cè)孔的發(fā)生率;(2)測量下頜管前環(huán)長度,雙側(cè)下頜切牙管在各牙位上的管徑、距根尖、離唇(頰)舌側(cè)骨皮質(zhì)、距牙槽嵴頂、距下頜下緣的距離;(3)測量下頜舌側(cè)管孔徑、舌側(cè)孔距離牙槽嵴頂距離、舌側(cè)孔距離下頜下緣距離,并對上述解剖結(jié)構(gòu)位置、走形等進(jìn)行分析和描述。采用SPSS19.0統(tǒng)計軟件包對結(jié)果進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計分析。 結(jié)果 (1)在CBCT圖像上,下頜管前環(huán)的發(fā)生率為56.7%,其中右側(cè)下頜管前環(huán)的發(fā)生率為57.7%,左側(cè)下頜管前環(huán)發(fā)生率為55.8%。舌側(cè)孔、舌側(cè)管的發(fā)生率達(dá)到了92.3%。52名患者圖像上均發(fā)現(xiàn)下頜切牙管,切牙管一般終止于下頜尖牙與側(cè)切牙或者側(cè)切牙根尖附近。(2)下頜管前環(huán)的平均長度為1.10mm,其中右側(cè)長度平均值為1.14mm,左側(cè)長度平均值為1.07mm。兩側(cè)下頜管前環(huán)長度差異無顯著性(P0.05);男性下頜管前環(huán)長度均值為1.33mm,而女性為0.84mm,兩者沒有顯著性差異(P0.05);在CBCT圖像上,下頜切牙管距離唇(頰)側(cè)骨皮質(zhì)緣平均值、距舌側(cè)骨皮質(zhì)緣平均值、距根尖、距牙槽嵴頂均值和距下頜下緣均值分別為:3.5mm、5.36mm、8.00mm、18.51mm和9.85mm;下頜切牙管平均管徑(長*寬)分別為:2.47mm*2.33mm。(3)舌管直徑平均值為1.76mm,舌側(cè)孔距牙槽嵴頂平均垂直距離為16.87mm,而距離下頜骨下緣的垂直距離均值為12.83mm;48例存在舌側(cè)管的患者中,18例舌側(cè)管終止于頜骨舌1/3(37.5%),28例舌側(cè)管終止于頜骨中1/3(58.3%),而2例舌側(cè)管延伸終止于頰1/3(4.2%)。 結(jié)論 由于下頜神經(jīng)管前環(huán)、下頜切牙管、下頜舌側(cè)孔及舌側(cè)管的解剖結(jié)構(gòu)變異很大,我們建議將CBCT作為下頜頦孔前區(qū)種植術(shù)以及頦部取骨手術(shù)前的常規(guī)影像學(xué)檢查手段,術(shù)前必須通過CBCT圖像對相應(yīng)的解剖結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行觀察和分析。在沒有CBCT的條件下,可以參考本次研究結(jié)果建議在頦孔前區(qū)種植手術(shù)或者頦部取骨手術(shù)時,以雙側(cè)頦孔前緣6mm以上,唇側(cè)骨厚度(取骨時)3mm以內(nèi)為安全界限;而下頜前牙區(qū)種植術(shù),建議種植體長度不超過14mm。
[Abstract]:Purpose

The purpose of this study was to analyze and discuss the incidence of important anatomical structures in the anterior region of the mandible , the length of the anterior ring , the length of the anterior ring , the length of the anterior ring , the length of the anterior ring of the lower jaw , the lateral hole of the mandibular lingual canal , the lingual canal , and the accuracy of the anatomy of the anterior part of the chin via CBCT .

method

Fifty - two patients with missing dental or small teeth were selected in Dalian Medical University Affiliated to Dalian Medical University between July 2013 and January 2014 , including 25 males and 23 females , the mean age was 40.9 years , and the age ranged from 18 to 68 years ;
Four non - dental patients ( 3 male , 1 female , average age 65 years , age range between 56 and 72 years ) . After reconstruction of CBCT image through Examvision software image , two oral professionals : ( 1 ) The incidence of anterior and lower mandibular canal , mandibular lingual canal and lingual hole was observed on the reconstructed images of CBCT .
( 2 ) measuring the length of the anterior ring of the mandibular canal , the diameter of the two - sided lower jaw canal at each tooth position , the cortical distance from the root tip and the lingual side of the lip ( cheek ) , and the distance from the top of the alveolar ridge and the lower margin of the lower jaw ;
( 3 ) To measure the diameter of the lingual canal , the distance of the lingual hole from the alveolar crest , the distance between the lingual hole and the lower margin of the lower jaw , and analyze and describe the position and shape of the anatomical structure .

Results

( 1 ) The incidence of anterior ring of mandibular canal was 56.7 % on CBCT image , and the incidence of anterior ring was 57.8 % .
The mean length of the anterior ring of the male mandibular canal was 1.33mm , while the female was 0.84 mm , and there was no significant difference between them ( P0.05 ) .
On CBCT images , the mean value of the cortical margin of the lateral cortical margin of the mandible was 3.5mm , 5.36mm , 8.00mm , 18.51mm and 9.85mm , respectively .
The mean diameter ( length * width ) was 2.47mm * 2.33mm . ( 3 ) The mean diameter of tongue tube was 1.76mm , the average vertical distance of lingual hole was 16.87 mm , while the vertical distance from the lower margin of the mandible was 12.83 mm ;
Of the 48 patients with lingual canal , 18 tongue - side tubes were terminated at 1 / 3 of the jaw ( 37.5 % ) , while 28 tongue - side tubes terminated in 1 / 3 ( 58.3 % ) of the jaw , while in 2 lingual - sided tubes were terminated on buccal 1 / 3 ( 4.2 % ) .

Conclusion

Under the condition of no CBCT , it is suggested that CBCT should be used as the anterior area of the mandibular submental foramen and the conventional imaging examination before the chin removal . In the absence of CBCT , the corresponding anatomical structure must be observed and analyzed by CBCT image .
However , the implant length should not exceed 14 mm .

【學(xué)位授予單位】:大連醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2014
【分類號】:R783.6

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