本文選題：隱形矯治　切入點：種植技術　出處：《河北科技大學》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：3D打印技術在口腔醫(yī)學領域獲得了廣泛應用,以隱形矯治和種植導板數字化設計為代表的3D打印與口腔醫(yī)學融合的技術研究逐漸成為熱點。但是,目前隱形矯治過程中使用的牙頜模型多是以牙冠模型為研究對象,未納入牙根和頜骨,這種不完善的矯治方法可能會導致牙根不平行、牙根外露等隱患的產生,影響正畸效果;同時,種植導板的數字化設計也依賴于包含牙根及頜骨的整合數字模型的重構。包含牙根及頜骨的整合數字模型重構技術已成為口腔醫(yī)學數字化技術所要解決的關鍵技術之一。本文采用CT技術與逆向工程等技術對包含牙根及頜骨的整合數字模型重構技術進行了研究,并將其應用于隱形矯治及數字化種植導板設計方面,提高了其設計準確性。首先,本文總結了牙頜模型的數據采集方法,探討了牙根、頜骨與牙冠不同的三維數據獲取方式:利用CT采集牙根模型及頜骨數據,通過光學掃描獲取牙冠數據。其次,分別研究了牙根、頜骨和牙冠三維模型的重建方法和配準技術。利用Mimics軟件,通過調節(jié)圖像的窗寬窗位以及閾值分割,利用最大方差閾值方法,重建牙根及頜骨的三維模型;在Geomagic軟件的支持下,應用特征點拼接及全局自動配準技術相結合的方法,使牙冠模型、牙根模型及頜骨模型進行了最佳擬合,實現三維整合牙頜的建立。然后,在隱形矯治方面,利用對象移動器及三角面片修補技術使三維整合牙頜模型實現單顆牙齒的分割移動,通過單顆牙齒在三維空間移動變換的原理,應用軟件實現了虛擬排牙設計。最后,在種植方面,利用3shape公司的種植系統(tǒng),選定種植體的大小并將種植體在CT數據全方位的顯示情況下移動到合適的位置,確定種植體的方位;選取結合面,利用加厚等功能形成包含種植信息的種植導板。根據種植體的大小以及配件之間相互配合的公差等信息,對導板配件進行了設計。通過三維整合牙頜模型重建技術的研究,實現了包含牙根和頜骨信息的隱形矯治,為避免矯正過程中可能出現的牙根外露、牙根不平行等情況的發(fā)生,提供了解決的方法;同時,成功的設計出含有種植體位置、方向、深度等信息的種植導板,為種植手術提高了簡單、準確的定位方法,為以后的臨床試驗奠定了基礎。
[Abstract]:3D printing technology has been widely used in the field of stomatology. The technology of 3D printing and stomatology fusion, represented by the digital design of stealthy orthodontics and implant guide plate, has gradually become a hot spot. At present, most of the dental and maxillary models used in the process of invisible orthodontic treatment are based on the crown model, which is not included in the root and jaw bone. This imperfect orthodontic method may lead to the root unparallelism, root exposure and other hidden dangers, which will affect the orthodontic effect. At the same time, The digital design of implant guide also depends on the reconstruction of integrated digital model including root and jaw. The technology of integrated digital model reconstruction including dental root and jaw has become the key technology of digital technology in stomatology. In this paper, CT and reverse engineering techniques were used to study the reconstruction technology of integrated digital model including tooth root and jaw. It is applied to the design of stealthy orthodontics and digital implant guide plate, which improves the accuracy of the design. Firstly, this paper summarizes the data acquisition method of dental and maxillary model, and discusses the root of tooth. Different 3D data acquisition methods between jaw and crown: root model and jaw data were collected by CT, and crown data were obtained by optical scanning. The reconstruction method and registration technique of the three-dimensional model of jaw and crown. The 3D model of root and jaw is reconstructed by adjusting the window width and window position and threshold segmentation of the image by using Mimics software, using the method of maximum variance threshold, and with the support of Geomagic software, the reconstruction of the three-dimensional model of the tooth root and jaw bone is carried out with the support of the Geomagic software. With the combination of feature point splicing and global automatic registration, the crown model, root model and jaw model are fitted to realize the establishment of three-dimensional integrated dentistry. Using object moving device and triangulation patch technology to realize the segmentation and movement of a single tooth in a three-dimensional integrated dental model, the virtual tooth arrangement design is realized by using software through the principle of moving and transforming a single tooth in three dimensional space. In terms of planting, using 3shape's implant system, the size of the implant is selected and the implant is moved to the appropriate position under the condition of full display of CT data, and the orientation of the implant is determined, and the joint surface is selected. According to the information of implant size and the tolerance of fitting, the guide fitting is designed. The reconstruction technology of three-dimensional integrated dental and maxillary model is studied. The invisible orthodontics containing root and jaw information is realized, which can avoid the occurrence of root exudation and tooth root unparallelism in the process of correction, at the same time, the position and direction of implants are successfully designed. The implant guide board with depth and other information improves the simple and accurate positioning method for implant operation and lays a foundation for clinical trials in the future.
【學位授予單位】：河北科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TP391.73;R783

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