本文關(guān)鍵詞： 腫瘤 口腔頜面部 臨床病理　出處：《青島大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：目的:對青島大學附屬醫(yī)院口腔頜面外科近24年的住院患者進行回顧性研究,分析口腔頜面部腫瘤的臨床病理特點,為口腔頜面部腫瘤的預防和治療工作提供有力的支持與依據(jù)。材料與方法:選取青島大學附屬醫(yī)院口腔頜面外科近24年的住院手術(shù)患者的資料,將口腔頜面部疾病分為八大類:感染、損傷、腫瘤、涎腺疾病、神經(jīng)疾患、顳下頜關(guān)節(jié)疾病、先天性畸形、其它類。將臨床資料進行歸類、統(tǒng)計,回顧性研究、分析其年齡、性別、構(gòu)成比等臨床資料,對口腔頜面部腫瘤的臨床病理情況,如發(fā)病部位、年齡組等,進行全面、系統(tǒng)的分析、研究。結(jié)果:青島大學附屬醫(yī)院口腔頜面部外科1990年1月1日~2013年12月31日期間,收治住院患者總計16694例,其中男性10184例,女性6510例,男女之比為1.57:1。年住院患者呈上升趨勢,從1990年全年的176人,到2013年全年的1447人,增長了8.2倍,近6年尤為明顯。前三位的疾病類別是:口腔頜面部腫瘤(5775例,34.6%),先天性畸形(3988例,24%),涎腺疾病(3455例,20.8%),前三位疾病占全部病例的79.4%�？谇活M面部腫瘤患者中,囊腫1313例(23.1%),良性腫瘤及瘤樣病變2077例(35%),惡性腫瘤2385例(41.9%)�？谇击[狀細胞癌共計1455例,占惡性腫瘤總數(shù)的61%�？谇击[狀細胞癌中,51-60歲年齡段為發(fā)病高峰,共計448例(30.8%),其次為61-70歲年齡段(422例,29%)、71-80歲年齡段(207例,14.2%)、41-50歲年齡段(208例,14.3%)。在口腔鱗狀細胞癌的好發(fā)部位中,舌癌所占比例最高(419例,28.8%),其次為牙齦癌(283例,19.4%)、唇癌(164例,11.3%)、口底癌(154例,10.6%)、口咽癌(142例,9.8%)、頰癌(114例,7.8%)。65歲以上住院患者占總患病人數(shù)的10%,其構(gòu)成比也呈上升趨勢,65歲以上住院患者的首位疾病是口腔頜面部腫瘤(986例,55.1%),其次為涎腺疾病(431例,24.1%),腫瘤中惡性腫瘤729例(74%),明顯多于良性腫瘤,惡性腫瘤占全部老年患者的40.7%,良惡性腫瘤之比為1:3.84。結(jié)論:1.住院患者口腔頜面部疾病中,構(gòu)成比前三位的依次是口腔頜面部腫瘤、先天性畸形、涎腺疾病。2.住院患者口腔頜面部惡性腫瘤中,構(gòu)成比最高的是鱗狀細胞癌,好發(fā)部位依次為舌、牙齦、唇、口底、口咽部、頰部。3.65歲以上患者在住院患者中所占的比例呈上升趨勢,65歲以上住院患者的口腔頜面部疾病中腫瘤所占比重最高,惡性腫瘤明顯多于良性腫瘤。
[Abstract]:Objective: to analyze the clinicopathological features of oral and maxillofacial tumors in the recent 24 years of oral and maxillofacial surgery in the affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University. Materials and methods: materials and methods: the data of 24 years of inpatient operation in oral and maxillofacial surgery of Qingdao University affiliated Hospital were selected to provide effective support and basis for the prevention and treatment of oral and maxillofacial tumors. The oral and maxillofacial diseases were divided into eight categories: infection, injury, tumor, salivary gland disease, neuropathy, temporomandibular joint disease, congenital malformation and other types. To analyze the clinical data of oral and maxillofacial tumors, such as the location of the disease, age group and so on. Results: from January 1st 1990 to December 31st 2013, a total of 16694 inpatients were admitted to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery in the affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University. Among them, 10184 males and 6510 females, the ratio of males to females was 1.57: 1.The number of hospitalized patients increased from 1990 to 1990. By 2013, 1,447 people had increased by 8.2-fold, especially in the past six years. The first three diseases were: oral and maxillofacial tumors in 5775 cases. There were 3988 cases of congenital malformation and 3455 cases of salivary gland diseases. The first three diseases accounted for 79.44.The patients with oral and maxillofacial tumors. There were 1313 cases of cysts, 2077 cases of benign tumors and tumor-like lesions, 2385 cases of malignant tumors, 1455 cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma. The incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) was the highest in 51-60 years old (448 cases, 30.8%), followed by 41-70 years old (422 cases). A total of 207 cases from 71 to 80 years of age were diagnosed as 14.3 cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), including 208 cases of 41-50 years of age and 208 cases of OSCC (41-50 years old), which were most common in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The proportion of tongue cancer was the highest in 419 cases (28.8%), followed by gingival carcinoma (283 cases) and 19.4C, lip cancer (164 cases) and fundus carcinoma (154 cases). 10.6%, 142 cases of oropharyngeal carcinoma and 114 cases of buccal carcinoma accounted for 10% of the total number of patients aged above 65 years old. The first disease of inpatients over 65 years of age was oral and maxillofacial neoplasms in 986 cases, followed by salivary gland diseases in 431 cases (24. 1%). 729 cases of malignant tumor were more than that of benign tumor. Malignant tumor accounted for 40.7% of all the elderly patients. The ratio of benign and malignant tumors is 1: 3.84. Conclusion 1. Among the diseases of oral and maxillofacial region, the first three are oral and maxillofacial tumors and congenital malformations. Salivary gland disease .2. among the malignant tumors of oral and maxillofacial region, the highest proportion is squamous cell carcinoma, and the most common sites are tongue, gingiva, lip, floor of mouth, oropharynx. The proportion of buccal patients over 65 years old in inpatients showed an increasing trend. The proportion of oral and maxillofacial diseases in patients over 65 years old was the highest, and malignant tumors were more than benign ones.
【學位授予單位】：青島大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R739.8

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