【摘要】：目的 了解某市人群重性精神疾病的患病現(xiàn)狀和流行趨勢(shì),掌握某市城鄉(xiāng)不同人群重性精神疾病主要危險(xiǎn)因素及社會(huì)文化意義,分析社會(huì)人口學(xué)因素特點(diǎn)及對(duì)重性精神疾病的影響,探討重性精神疾病患者的社會(huì)功能恢復(fù)及其防治策略。 方法 采用普查方法和和問卷調(diào)查方式,對(duì)某市轄區(qū)內(nèi)12個(gè)縣、區(qū)的所有城鄉(xiāng)居民進(jìn)行入戶調(diào)查,人口數(shù)據(jù)資料來源于該市公安局,截至2012年底總?cè)丝跀?shù)為7627499人。 現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)查以社區(qū)為單位,按社區(qū)管轄范圍對(duì)其社區(qū)內(nèi)的所有戶籍居民進(jìn)行線索排查,并依據(jù)線索排查結(jié)果進(jìn)行病例診斷和復(fù)核診斷,采用描述流行病學(xué)方法對(duì)確診的重性精神疾病患者進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。 結(jié)果 1.本次調(diào)查共確診重性精神疾病患者14446例,截止2012年底總時(shí)點(diǎn)患病率為1.89%o。其中精神分裂癥11200例,時(shí)點(diǎn)患病率為1.47‰；精神發(fā)育遲滯1141例,時(shí)點(diǎn)患病率為0.15‰；癲癇所致精神障礙802例,時(shí)點(diǎn)患病率為0.11%o；雙相(情感)障礙407例,時(shí)點(diǎn)患病率為0.08%o；分裂情感性障礙401例,時(shí)點(diǎn)患病率為0.05‰；偏執(zhí)性精神病134例,時(shí)點(diǎn)患病率為0.02‰。六種重性精神疾病中患病率最高的是精神分裂癥。 2.本次調(diào)查城鄉(xiāng)均有重性精神疾病患者的確診病例,患病率高于全市平均水平的縣區(qū)有F區(qū)(2.37‰)、J縣(2.17‰)、K縣(2.05‰)、C區(qū)(2.04‰),共報(bào)告4758例,占報(bào)告病例總數(shù)的32.94%。 3.本次調(diào)查各年齡組均有重性精神疾病患者的病例報(bào)告,患病率較高的年齡組為55-64歲組(3.33‰)和45-54歲組(3.31‰)；男、女患病率分別為1.82‰、1.97‰,女性略高于男性。 4.本次調(diào)查的重性精神疾病人口學(xué)資料顯示,患病人群以農(nóng)民為主,共報(bào)告8713例,占報(bào)告病例總數(shù)的60.31%�；疾∧挲g以中青年居多,35～64歲組人群共報(bào)告患者9531例,占報(bào)告病例總數(shù)的65.98%。男女性別比為1：1.05。已婚人群的患病數(shù)最高,占報(bào)告患病總數(shù)的49.99%�；疾∪巳旱奈幕潭绕毡槠�,以初中及以下文化水平居多,共報(bào)告病例數(shù)9673例,占報(bào)告病例總數(shù)的66.96%。 結(jié)論 1.某市重性精神疾病患病率為1.89%o。六種重性精神疾病中,精神分裂癥的患病率最高,是今后重性精神疾病防控工作的重點(diǎn)。 2.某市重性精神疾病的總體患病情況,農(nóng)村高于城市,女性高于男性,患病年齡主要集中在35歲以上人群,提示該市重性精神疾病的重點(diǎn)防控區(qū)域在農(nóng)村,重點(diǎn)防控人群應(yīng)為女性人群和中青年人群。 3.某市重性精神疾病確診病例人群主要集中在農(nóng)民、文化水平較低、經(jīng)濟(jì)水平在當(dāng)?shù)刎毨Ь�標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以下和已婚人群中。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the prevalence and epidemic trend of major mental illness in a city, and to grasp the main risk factors and social and cultural significance of major mental illness in different populations in urban and rural areas of a city. This paper analyzes the characteristics of social demographic factors and their influence on major mental illness, and probes into the recovery of social function and its prevention and treatment strategies in patients with major mental illness. Methods all the urban and rural residents in 12 counties and districts in a city were investigated by means of census and questionnaire. The population data came from the Public Security Bureau of the city, and the total population was 7627499 by the end of 2012. The field investigation takes the community as the unit, carries on the clue investigation to all the registered residents in their community according to the jurisdiction of the community, and carries on the case diagnosis and the review diagnosis according to the result of the clue investigation. Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the patients with diagnosed major mental illness. Result 1. A total of 14446 patients with major mental illness were diagnosed in this survey. The total prevalence rate was 1.89% o by the end of 2012. Among them, there were 11200 cases of schizophrenia, 1141 cases of mental retardation, 1141 cases of mental retardation, 802 cases of mental disorder caused by seizures, the prevalence rate of time point was 0.11% o, the prevalence rate of schizophrenia was 1.47%, the prevalence rate of mental retardation was 0.15%, and the prevalence rate of mental disorder was 0.11% o. There were 407 cases of biphasic (affective) disorder (0.08% o), 401 cases of mitotic affective disorder (0.05%) and 134 cases of paranoid psychosis (0.02% o). Schizophrenia has the highest prevalence rate among the six major mental diseases. two銆，

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