【摘要】：目的：電離輻射導(dǎo)致的認(rèn)知功能障礙已成為研究的熱點(diǎn)，但對(duì)可導(dǎo)致認(rèn)知功能障礙的劑量閾值目前仍不清楚。已有研究認(rèn)為0.1Gy全腦照射即可引起與認(rèn)知功能相關(guān)基因發(fā)生改變，但是0.1Gy全腦照射是否會(huì)導(dǎo)致認(rèn)知功能障礙仍不清楚。本研究通過(guò)大鼠照射后的行為學(xué)檢測(cè)觀察0.1Gy全腦照射是否會(huì)引起大鼠認(rèn)知功能的改變。 方法：將32只1月齡和32只6月齡的健康雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠隨機(jī)分為照射組和對(duì)照組，每組16只。大鼠給予3.6%水合氯醛（360mg/kg）腹腔注射麻醉后，照射組用Philips SL18型電子直線加速器產(chǎn)生的4MeV電子線進(jìn)行單次0.1Gy全腦照射，對(duì)照組給予0Gy全腦照射。照射結(jié)束后第3個(gè)月按行為學(xué)檢測(cè)對(duì)大鼠刺激從小到大的順序進(jìn)行開放場(chǎng)、Morris水迷宮和避暗3項(xiàng)認(rèn)知功能檢測(cè)，以觀察低劑量電離輻射對(duì)大鼠焦慮水平、海馬依賴的學(xué)習(xí)和記憶和情景記憶的影響，實(shí)驗(yàn)采用盲法操作。開放場(chǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn)檢測(cè)中記錄大鼠10分鐘內(nèi)的總路程及中央路程，Morris水迷宮實(shí)驗(yàn)包括定向航行和空間探索，分別記錄大鼠找到隱匿平臺(tái)的潛伏期和在目標(biāo)象限所在時(shí)間百分比，避暗實(shí)驗(yàn)中記錄大鼠24小時(shí)后進(jìn)入暗箱的潛伏期。行為學(xué)檢測(cè)完畢后取腦進(jìn)行常規(guī)HE染色及電鏡檢測(cè)，觀察0.1Gy全腦照射對(duì)大鼠大腦皮層和海馬區(qū)域病理學(xué)改變的影響及大鼠海馬區(qū)域神經(jīng)元、突觸的超微結(jié)構(gòu)的影響。 結(jié)果：在Morris水迷宮檢測(cè)的定向航行實(shí)驗(yàn)中，6月齡大鼠尋找隱匿平臺(tái)的潛伏期明顯長(zhǎng)于1月齡大鼠，1月齡大鼠的照射組尋找隱匿平臺(tái)的潛伏期明顯長(zhǎng)于1月齡對(duì)照組，，6月齡大鼠的照射組與6月齡對(duì)照組的尋找隱匿平臺(tái)的潛伏期沒(méi)有顯著差異。但在Morris水迷宮檢測(cè)的空間探索實(shí)驗(yàn)、開放場(chǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn)及避暗實(shí)驗(yàn)中均未發(fā)現(xiàn)明顯統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異。腦組織的常規(guī)HE染色檢測(cè)中未發(fā)現(xiàn)皮層及海馬區(qū)域產(chǎn)生明顯的病理學(xué)改變；海馬區(qū)域組織的電鏡檢測(cè)中也未發(fā)現(xiàn)明顯的超微結(jié)構(gòu)改變。 結(jié)論：0.1Gy單次全腦照射3個(gè)月后，1月齡照射組大鼠海馬依賴的空間學(xué)習(xí)和記憶能力明顯下降，而6月齡大鼠海馬依賴的空間學(xué)習(xí)和記憶能力未產(chǎn)生明顯影響，6月齡正常對(duì)照組大鼠尋找隱匿平臺(tái)的潛伏期明顯長(zhǎng)于1月齡正常對(duì)照組大鼠，所以幼齡大鼠對(duì)低劑量的電離輻射更加敏感；6月齡大鼠自身已經(jīng)產(chǎn)生部分認(rèn)知功能下降，電離輻射對(duì)其認(rèn)知功能的影響可能被其年齡因素對(duì)認(rèn)知功能的影響所掩蓋。
[Abstract]:Objective: cognitive impairment caused by ionizing radiation has become a hot research topic, but the dose threshold which can lead to cognitive impairment is still unclear. It has been suggested that 0.1Gy whole brain irradiation can cause changes in genes related to cognitive function, but it is still unclear whether 0.1Gy whole brain irradiation will lead to cognitive impairment. In this study, the behavior of 0.1Gy whole brain irradiation was used to observe whether whole brain irradiation could induce the changes of cognitive function in rats. Methods: 32 1-month-old and 32 6-month-old healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into irradiation group (n = 16) and control group (n = 16). After intraabdominal injection of 3.6% chloral hydrate (360mg/kg) into the rat, the irradiation group was irradiated with 4MeV electron line produced by Philips SL18 electron linac, while the control group was irradiated with 0Gy whole brain. At the 3rd month after irradiation, the open field, Morris water maze and dark avoidance were measured in order to observe the anxiety level of rats induced by low dose ionizing radiation. The effects of hippocampal dependent learning and memory and situational memory were operated by blind method. The total distance and central distance within 10 minutes were recorded in the open field test. The Morris water maze test included directional navigation and space exploration. The latency of finding the hidden platform and the percentage of time in the target quadrant were recorded respectively. The latent period of rats entering the dark box after 24 hours was recorded in the dark avoidance experiment. After behavioral examination, the brain was examined by routine HE staining and electron microscope. The effects of 0.1Gy whole brain irradiation on the pathological changes of cerebral cortex and hippocampus and the ultrastructure of neurons and synapses in hippocampal region of rats were observed. Results: in the directional navigation experiment detected by Morris water maze, the latent period of searching for concealment platform in 6-month-old rats was significantly longer than that in 1-month-old rats, and that in 1-month-old rats was significantly longer than that in 1-month-old control group. There was no significant difference in the latent period of searching for hidden platform between the 6-month-old rats and the 6-month-old control group. However, there was no significant difference in space exploration experiment, open field experiment and dark avoidance experiment of Morris water maze detection. No obvious pathological changes were found in the cortex and hippocampus by routine HE staining, and no obvious ultrastructure changes were found in the electron microscopic examination of hippocampal tissues. Conclusion: after single whole brain irradiation with 0.1Gy for 3 months, the spatial learning and memory ability of hippocampus in 1 month old rats decreased significantly, but the spatial learning and memory ability dependent on hippocampus in 6 months old rats had no significant effect. The latent period of searching for hidden platform in 6-month-old normal control group was significantly longer than that in 1-month-old normal control group, so the young rats were more sensitive to low dose ionizing radiation. Some cognitive function of 6-month-old rats has decreased, and the effect of ionizing radiation on their cognitive function may be obscured by the effect of age factors on cognitive function.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：R749.1

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