抑郁癥中芳香化酶的變化:死亡后人腦樣本研究和動(dòng)物學(xué)研究
[Abstract]:Objective: A large amount of evidence shows that hyperfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is an important neurobiological mechanism of depression. The corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus is the central driving factor of the activity of the HPA axis, and the significant increase of the CRH secretion in the PVN in the depression is an important basis for the hyperactivity of the HPA axis. We and other groups have found that sex hormones, including estrogen and androgens, can modulate the expression of the CRH gene by their respective nuclear receptors. in addition, in depression, that increase in CRH activity in the hypothalamus is accompanied by an increase in the expression of the estrogen receptor and down-regulation of the androgen receptor. These data suggest that there may be an imbalance between the levels of estrogen and androgen in the hypothalamus of patients with depression, and may play an important role in the excessive activation of HPA axis activity. Aromatase is a key speed-limiting enzyme that includes in-vivo brain-mediated androgen-to-estrogen transformation. Our hypothesis is that the activity of the aromatase in the PVN in the hypothalamus of patients with depression may have been unduly overactivated. Therefore, we study the expression of the aromatase in the hypothalamic PVN in the patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Surprisingly, we found that the expression of aromatase in PVN was significantly reduced in patients with MDD. We then study the effect of inhibiting aromatase activity on stress-related hormone and depression-like behavior of rats in the rat model of depression. Methods: (1) The expression level of aromatase was detected by quantitative immunocytochemical method in 10 patients with MDD and 10 controls. The inter-group matching factors included sex, age, time of death, the time of death, the time after death, the fixed time of the specimen, etc. (2) An aromatase inhibitor was administered to a depression rat model: an aromatase inhibitor 1, 4, 6-androstatin-3,17-dione (ATD) capsule (ATD) or an empty capsule (sham) was implanted subcutaneously in male SD rats, Chronic unpredictability mild stress (CUMS) or no stress was given as a control. The rats were divided into four groups: control-sham group, CUMS-sham group, control-ATD group and CUMS-ATD group. The effects of ATD on the behavior of depression-like behavior, including carbohydrate-water-preference behavior, forced swimming, and the level of serum corticosterone, testosterone, estradiol and the level of testosterone and estradiol in the hypothalamus, were studied. Results: (1) The immunoreactivity of the aromatase in the PVN in the hypothalamus of the patients with depression (P = 0.029). (2) The weight of rats in the CUMS group (F = 18. 686, P 0.001) and the preference of sugar water (F = 44. 379, P 0.001) were significantly lower than that of the control group (F = 44. 379, P 0.001). The plasma corticosterone (F = 40. 908, P. 001) in the CUMS group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the plasma of the rats in the ATD group (F = 7.501, P 0.001) was significantly higher than that of the control group. The levels of testosterone (F = 6.741, P = 0.016) in the hypothalamus (P = 0.011) and in the hypothalamus were significantly increased and the level of estradiol was not significantly changed; ATD administration significantly increased the ratio of testosterone/ estradiol in the rat plasma (P = 0. 005) and the hypothalamus (P = 0. 055); however, ATD was responsible for plasma CORT level, sugar water preference behavior, There was no significant effect on the related indexes of forced swimming. Conclusion: The changes of the activity of the aromatase in the hypothalamus did not play an important role in the pathogenesis of depression. According to our findings and literature, we have speculated that the changes in the activity of aromatase in the brain of the developmental stage may be involved in the pathogenesis of depression, which is worthy of further study and confirmation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】:R749.4
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