【摘要】：精神疾病是自古以來就有的一種疾病,它嚴(yán)重影響了人民群眾的身心健康。因此當(dāng)人類進(jìn)化成具有思想意識的高級物種時,就已經(jīng)與精神疾病作斗爭了。然而,由于缺乏對精神疾病的認(rèn)識和理解,對精神疾病的治療效果一直是以緩慢的速度發(fā)展著。隨著時代的變遷,中西醫(yī)學(xué)者對精神疾病從不同角度進(jìn)行著不懈的探索和研究。 精神分裂癥是精神疾病中最為常見的一種,具有思維、情感、行為等多方面的障礙,其特征是精神活動和環(huán)境不協(xié)調(diào)。臨床表現(xiàn)為感知覺障礙,如幻聽、幻視；意志與行為障礙,如意志減退、緊張綜合征等；思維及思維聯(lián)想障礙,如妄想、被動體驗、思維散漫等；情感障礙,如情感遲鈍或平淡。精神分裂癥現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)成為世界衛(wèi)生組織及各國所關(guān)注的主要精神衛(wèi)生問題。 精神分裂癥根據(jù)臨床表現(xiàn)當(dāng)屬祖國醫(yī)學(xué)“癲狂癥”的范疇。祖國醫(yī)學(xué)對癲狂癥的探究已經(jīng)有二千多年的歷史,并且形成了獨特的病因病機(jī)、發(fā)病、預(yù)防以及治療的理論體系,積累寶貴而豐富的實踐經(jīng)驗,留下的無數(shù)醫(yī)家的成就與貢獻(xiàn),至今仍指導(dǎo)著我們的醫(yī)學(xué)治療思想和方向。西醫(yī)對精神分裂癥的研究成果多集中在近現(xiàn)代,隨著抗精神病藥物的研制成功和現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)的進(jìn)步,西醫(yī)對精神分裂癥的研究有了突飛猛進(jìn)的發(fā)展。 本文從縱向歷史的角度,對有關(guān)精神分裂癥的古今中西醫(yī)學(xué)文獻(xiàn),進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)挖掘整理。從中找出中西醫(yī)各個歷史時期對精神分裂癥的探究特點及成果,包括精神分裂癥的現(xiàn)代研究,以及中西醫(yī)結(jié)合治療精神分裂癥的現(xiàn)狀及前景展望。希望通過探究、考證不同時代中外醫(yī)學(xué)家對精神分裂癥的認(rèn)識特色,整理出其中寶貴的經(jīng)驗,為現(xiàn)代醫(yī)家研究精神分裂癥的理論和臨床治療提供一些有益的啟示和借鑒。
[Abstract]:Mental illness is a kind of disease that has existed since ancient times, it has seriously affected the physical and mental health of the people. So when man evolved into a high-level species of thought-consciousness, it was already battling mental illness. However, due to the lack of knowledge and understanding of mental illness, the therapeutic effect of mental illness has been developing at a slow rate. With the change of times, Chinese and western medicine scholars have been exploring and studying mental diseases from different angles. Schizophrenia is one of the most common mental diseases, with mental, emotional, behavioral and other obstacles, its characteristics are mental activities and environmental disharmony. Clinical manifestations include sensory disorders, such as auditory hallucinations, willpower and behavioral disorders, such as hypovolition, tension syndrome, mental and associative disorders, such as delusions, passive experiences, loose thinking, emotional disorders, To be dull or dull, as of emotion. Schizophrenia has become a major mental health concern of the World Health Organization and other countries. Schizophrenia according to clinical manifestations should belong to the motherland medicine, "mania" category. Chinese medicine has a history of more than 2,000 years on the exploration of mania, and has formed a unique theoretical system of etiology, pathogenesis, disease, prevention and treatment, accumulated valuable and rich practical experience, and left behind numerous achievements and contributions of physicians. It still guides our thinking and direction of medical treatment. The research results of western medicine on schizophrenia are mostly concentrated in modern times. With the development of antipsychotic drugs and the progress of modern science and technology, the research on schizophrenia in western medicine has developed by leaps and bounds. From the perspective of longitudinal history, this paper systematically excavates and collates the ancient and modern Chinese and western medical literature about schizophrenia. The characteristics and achievements of exploring schizophrenia in different historical periods of traditional Chinese and western medicine, including the modern research of schizophrenia, the present situation and prospect of treatment of schizophrenia with integrated Chinese and western medicine are found out. It is hoped that by exploring the characteristics of Chinese and foreign medical scientists' understanding of schizophrenia in different times and sorting out the valuable experience among them, it will provide some useful enlightenment and reference for modern doctors to study the theory and clinical treatment of schizophrenia.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：黑龍江中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：R749.3

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本文編號：2159591